A STUDY OF ULTRASONIC PROBING TECHNIQUES FOR SWINE II. PREDICTION OF CARCASS YIELD FROM THE LIVE PIG

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. SATHER ◽  
A. K. W. TONG ◽  
D. S. HARBISON

In order to examine the effect of probe site and pig weight at probing on ultrasonic machine and operator accuracy, 227 pigs were probed for subcutaneous backfat thickness at 80, 90, 100 or 110 kg. Ultasonic probe sites were 5 cm off the midline on the midback at a point aligned with the root (B1) or the apex (B2) of the curve of the last rib. Loin sites were defined as 15 cm posterior to B1 (L1) or directly above the stifle joint of the hind leg (L2) of a pig standing normally. A third midback measurement was defined as for B1 but 6 cm off the midline (B3). The value of layer 2 or total backfat depth measurements at these five sites in predicting carcass dissectible fat and lean tissue content were examined. The best combinations of probe sites included L1 and either B1, with R2 of 0.41, 0.70, 0.72 and 0.78 or B2 with R2 of 0.38, 0.70, 0.71 and 0.76 for 80-, 90-, 100-, and 110-kg pigs, respectively, when total backfat was used to predict percent dissectible fat of carcass. These results indicate that carcass yield cannot be predicted adequately at 80 kg and that the optimum probe weight was between 90 and 100 kg. However, the additional expense associated with performance testing pigs at weights greater than 90 kg cannot presently be justified. The R2 for either B1 + L1 or B2 + L1 when fat depth of layer 2 was measured at 90 kg was 0.66. The greatest consistency between operators was observed when fat depth of layer 2 was measured. Key words: Swine, ultrasonic probe, slaughter weight, carcass yield

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 943-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. SATHER ◽  
H. T. FREDEEN ◽  
A. H. MARTIN

Ultrasonic probe data recorded on a total of 186 Lacombe barrows and gilts were obtained by two operators using the Krautkramer USM2 and Scanoprobe 731A. Backfat measurements were taken, prior to marketing, at approximately 90 kg at locations 5 cm off either side of the midline on the mid-back and on the loin, corresponding to Canadian Swine ROP policy. These measurements were then repeated on the carcass. Correlations between average probe backfat (PF) and average probe site carcass fat (CF) were similar for both operators using the USM2 (r = 0.78, 0.84) and the 731A (r = 0.78, 0.82). The two units accounted for similar proportions of the variances of percent carcass lean (R2 = 0.35, 0.35) and of percent carcass fat (R2 = 0.45, 0.47). Consideration of the effects of sex and weight increased the R2 value by 2–6% for percent carcass lean and 6–7% for percent carcass fat. The USM2 (PF = 19.2, 20.4 mm) produced results in closer agreement with CF (20.0 mm) than did the 731A (PF = 18.9, 19.4 mm), for each operator. However, greater bias appeared to be associated with the USM2 than with the 731A, for measuring PF as an estimator of CF. Overall, it was judged that both machines were equivalent in their ability to measure subcutaneous backfat and to predict carcass composition from the live animal. Considering the additional cost of the USM2, purchase of this machine could not be justified on the basis of performance. Key words: Swine, ultrasonic probes, backfat, live animal evaluation, carcass evaluation


1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. JEREMIAH ◽  
G. M. WEISS

A total of 130 barrows and 113 gilts were slaughtered over a range of liveweights from 65.6 to 143.9 kg. These animals were randomly assigned to six different liveweight groups (group 1, less than 79.5 kg; group 2, 79.5 through 93.1 kg; group 3, 93.2 through 106.7 kg; group 4, 106.8 through 120.4 kg; group 5, 120.5 through 134.0 kg; and group 6, 134.1 kg and over) and utilized to evaluate the effects of slaughter weight and sex on palatability and cooking properties. The composite results indicated that the slaughter weight of both barrows and gilts can, from a practical standpoint, be increased to take advantage of potential economic advantages without meaningfully altering cooking losses or palatability attributes. Key words: Pork, slaughter weight, sex, palatability, cooking losses


1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 817-820
Author(s):  
J. S. WALTON ◽  
B. W. McBRIDE ◽  
N. A. MARTINEAU ◽  
T. D. BURGESS

Completely pelleted diets were fed to rams under a facsimile of Ontario Ram Performance Test procedures. Twenty rams were fed for 50 d on completely pelleted rations without impairment of growth rate and without any effects on rumen health or ingestive behavior. Key words: R.O.P. testing, rams, pelleted feeds, growth rate, rumen lining


1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Sather ◽  
S. D. M. Jones ◽  
A. K. W. Tong

Data on 42 halothane-sensitive pigs (HSL, nn-genotype), 169 Lacombe pigs (LAC, NN-genotype), 41 crossbred pigs (XBD, Nn-genotype), and 72 Yorkshire pigs (YRK, NN-genotype) representing 145 gilts and 179 castrates, were obtained over the liveweight range from 74.0 to 134.5 kg (average 105 kg) to examine the effect of genotype, gender and slaughter weight on the composition of the four lean cuts (ham, loin, picnic and butt). Gilts had a greater proportion of dissectible lean from lean cuts than castrates (557 ± 2.8 vs. 525 ± 2.6 g kg−1). The HSL pigs had the highest and LAC pigs the lowest commercial dressing percentage, increasing respectively from 85.3 to 86.0% and 79.7 kg to 82.6% as slaughter weight increased from 80 to 130 kg. Corresponding figures for XBD and YRK pigs, were 82.5 to 85.4 and 80.6 to 84.6%, respectively. Dissectible lean from lean cuts from 65-kg carcasses was 606, 525, 536 and 575 g kg−1 for HSL, XBD, LAC and YRK pigs, respectively. Corresponding figures for 85-kg and 105-kg carcasses were 574, 525, 515, and 555 g kg−1 and 542, 525, 494, and 535 g kg−1, respectively from HSL, XBD, LAC and YRK pigs. LAC and YRK pigs, each with exclusively NN-genotypes but differing in composition of lean cuts, maintained their relative differences in composition over the weight range studied. Heterogeneity of slopes for changes in proportion of lean in the lean cuts with increasing weight among the HSL, XBD and LAC pigs implied a genotype × weight interaction that could best by explained by an apparent increase in the dominance of the halothane gene with increasing carcass weight. Key words: Swine, carcass composition, halothane gene, weight, Lacombe, Yorkshire


Author(s):  
I.F. GORLOV ◽  
M.I. SLOZHENKINA ◽  
N.I. MOSOLOVA ◽  
A.A. KAIDULINA ◽  
V.S. GRISHIN ◽  
...  

В работе приведены исследования по скрещиванию комбинированных пород крупного рогатого скота с мясными с целью создания репродуктивных мясных стад на базе использования помесных телок первого поколения. Во все возрастные периоды коровы симментальской, герефордской пород и их помеси с генотипом симменталы герефорды имели определенные различия по живой массе. Помеси превосходили по данному показателю в возрасте 3, 4 и 5 лет сверстниц симментальской породы на 6,78 3,98 и 3,61 и герефордской, соответственно, на 2,64 2,52 и 1,60. Они обладали хорошими воспроизводительными качествами. Так, в возрасте 205 дней дочери помесных коров по живой массе превосходили потомков чистопородных симментальских и герефордских коров, соответственно, на 21,78 и 3,64 кг. У помесных бычков выход туши был выше, чем у чистопородных симментальских и герефордских сверстников на 3,20 и 2,03, убойная масса на 73,40 и 38,37 кг, а убойный выход на 3,44 и 2,14, соответственно. В результате проведенной оценки показателей, характеризующих мясную продуктивность чистопородного и помесного потомства, можно сделать вывод о характере сочетаемости симментальской и герефордской пород и о том, что помеси, при сравнении их с исходными родительскими формами, имели во всех случаях лучшие показатели, характеризующие мясную продуктивность.The paper presents the research on the crossing of combined breeds with meat in order to create reproductive beef herds based on the use of firstgeneration mixed heifers. In all age periods of the Simmental and Hereford cows and their mixture with the genotype simmentals x the Hereford had certain differences in live weight. Hybrids aged exceeded in this indicator at the age of 3, 4 and 5 years of age peers of the Simmental breed by 6.78 3.98 and 3.61 and Hereford, respectively, by 2.64 2.52 and 1.60. Hybrids had good reproductive qualities. Thus, at the age of 205 days, the daughters of crossbred cows exceeded the descendants of purebred Simmental and Hereford cows by 21.78 and 3.64 kg, respectively. Crossbred bulls had higher carcass yield than purebred Simmental and Hereford peers by 3.2 and 2.03, slaughter weight by 73.40 kg and 38.37 kg, slaughter yield by 3.44 and 2.14, respectively. The result of the evaluation of indicators characterizing the meat productivity of purebred and crossbred offspring, it can be concluded that the nature of the compatibility of the Simmental and Hereford breed and that the hybrids, when compared with their original parent forms, had in all cases the best indicators characterizing the meat productivity of animals.В работе приведены исследования по скрещиванию комбинированных пород крупного рогатого скота с мясными с целью создания репродуктивных мясных стад на базе использования помесных телок первого поколения. Во все возрастные периоды коровы симментальской, герефордской пород и их помеси с генотипом симменталы герефорды имели определенные различия по живой массе. Помеси превосходили по данному показателю в возрасте 3, 4 и 5 лет сверстниц симментальской породы на 6,78 3,98 и 3,61 и герефордской, соответственно, на 2,64 2,52 и 1,60. Они обладали хорошими воспроизводительными качествами. Так, в возрасте 205 дней дочери помесных коров по живой массе превосходили потомков чистопородных симментальских и герефордских коров, соответственно, на 21,78 и 3,64 кг. У помесных бычков выход туши был выше, чем у чистопородных симментальских и герефордских сверстников на 3,20 и 2,03, убойная масса на 73,40 и 38,37 кг, а убойный выход на 3,44 и 2,14, соответственно. В результате проведенной оценки показателей, характеризующих мясную продуктивность чистопородного и помесного потомства, можно сделать вывод о характере сочетаемости симментальской и герефордской пород и о том, что помеси, при сравнении их с исходными родительскими формами, имели во всех случаях лучшие показатели, характеризующие мясную продуктивность.


1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. SATHER ◽  
A. K. W. TONG ◽  
D. S. HARBISON

Measurements of total fat depth and depth to the interface between the second and third fat layers were made on live pigs just prior to slaughter and on their hot and cold carcasses. The data were analyzed to predict the changes that would take place in these measures of fat depth during slaughter and carcass cooling. A statistical interaction was detected between slaughter weight and the animal/carcass state at the time of measurement for the total fat measurement only. This suggests that measurements taken to the interface of the second and third fat layers will exhibit a more consistent relationship between live animal and carcass values. Key words: Swine, ultrasonic probes, slaughter weight, carcass fat


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Bahtiar Nur Khalis Amiruddin ◽  
Sudiyono Sudiyono ◽  
Adi Ratriyanto

<p class="p1">The objective of the study was to determine the effect of lysine supplementation in ration on carcass yield, abdominal fat and fat content of ten-week old male local duck meat. The study used 80 male local ducks aged two weeks (average weight 326.40±31.84 g). The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design with four treatments, consisted of four replications with five male local ducks each. Rations consisted of pollard, yellow corn, soybean meal, palm oil, premix and lysine (in the form of L-Lysine HCl). The basal diet was supplemented with lysine at the amount of 0 (control), 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15%. The variables observed were the slaughter weight, abdominal fat percentage, carcass yield and fat content of the meat. The results showed that lysine supplementation in the diet of local duck ten-week old male decreased (P&lt;0.01) abdominal fat but did not affect slaughter weight, carcass yield and fat content of meat. It can be concluded that lysine supplementation of 0.15 percent of the total ration can reduce abdominal fat percentage of ten-week old male local duck meat.</p>


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Bahtiar Nur Khalis Amiruddin ◽  
Sudiyono Sudiyono ◽  
Adi Ratriyanto

<p class="p1">The objective of the study was to determine the effect of lysine supplementation in ration on carcass yield, abdominal fat and fat content of ten-week old male local duck meat. The study used 80 male local ducks aged two weeks (average weight 326.40±31.84 g). The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design with four treatments, consisted of four replications with five male local ducks each. Rations consisted of pollard, yellow corn, soybean meal, palm oil, premix and lysine (in the form of L-Lysine HCl). The basal diet was supplemented with lysine at the amount of 0 (control), 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15%. The variables observed were the slaughter weight, abdominal fat percentage, carcass yield and fat content of the meat. The results showed that lysine supplementation in the diet of local duck ten-week old male decreased (P&lt;0.01) abdominal fat but did not affect slaughter weight, carcass yield and fat content of meat. It can be concluded that lysine supplementation of 0.15 percent of the total ration can reduce abdominal fat percentage of ten-week old male local duck meat.</p>


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