A Substitute for Fishmeal in the Diet of Broiler Chicks

The aim of this research was to study the biochemical properties of a new protein-rich feed additive produced by the short-term intense thermal treatment and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis of the wastes of poultry slaughter and primary processing (feathers and fluff). It was found that this feather-based fermented feed additive contained high amounts of crude protein (86.52%); and the content of easily digestible low-molecular peptides in the additive was 9% higher compared to fishmeal. The amino acid profiles of the additive and fishmeal were compared. The effectiveness of substituting the additive for fishmeal in the diet of broiler chicks was demonstrated by the in vivoexperiments. The results showed that the digestibility of the dietary nutrients was higher in broilers that were fed the new additive compared to those fed fishmeal, which resulted in higher meat productivity: the average daily weight gains in additive-fed broilers was 3.82% higher (p <0.01) compared to fishmeal-fed control broilers, the dressing was 1.4%higher, the muscle in the carcass was 2.1% higher, and the feed conversion ratio was 3.57%lower. The sensory evaluation scores of the meat and broth were also higher in the additive-fed broilers. Keywords: feedadditive, feather wastes of poultry slaughter, enzymatic hydrolysis, distribution of molecular peptide weights, digestibility, productive performance in broilers

METHOD TO IMPROVE THE CONSUMER QUALITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF QUAIL MEAT DURING DENITRIFICATION

Phospholipids are a kind of “solvents” of cholesterol and show a hepatoprotective effect. Also, phospholipids regulate fat and carbohydrate metabolism, improve the functional activity of the liver and its detoxification function. The study aims to study the impact of different doses of phos-pholipid lecithin preparation on economically useful indicators, meat productivity, nutritional value and environmental safety of quail meat at a subtoxic dose of nitrates in their compound feed. This article presents materials that indicate the feasibility of introducing phospholipid preparation of lecithin in the amount of 1.0 % by weight of feed under the presence of a sub-toxic dose of nitrates in the compound feed quail grown for meat. This introduction of phospholipid preparation of lecithin increases the preservation of livestock, body weight gain and reduces the cost of feed per unit gain. Poultry of the 2nd experimental group had an advantage over their control counterparts in preservation rate by 4.0 % and average daily growth by 9.50 % (P<0.05). The authors observed the benefit over the control samples in the concentration of dry substances by 0.98 and 0.99 %, protein by 0.98 and 0.97 % (P<0.05) in the examples of thigh and breast muscles of the poultry of the 2nd experimental group. The value of the protein-quality index (PQI) was higher by 13,55 % (P<0,05) in the samples of white meat from poultry carcasses of the 2nd experimental group as compared with the control counterparts. Also, the examples of poultry meat of the 2nd experimental group had better sanitary and hygienic characteristics. For instance, they had 36.83 % lower nitrate content (P<0.05) and 40.91 % lower nitrites content (P<0.05). This content indicates high denitrifying properties of phospholipid lecithin.

Evaluation of the meat quality of chickens of the egg-meat direction of productivity, for promising use in organic production

Purpose: studying the features of the formation of signs of meat productivity in chickens of the egg-meat direction in the juvenile period in ontogenesis and fixing the most informative age for early assessment of meat qualities.Materials and methods. Young grew in group cells of a 3-tier cellular battery. The dynamics of growth and the development of exterior and interior indicators, characterizing meat productivity in ontogenesis in the young of the Pushkin breed of chickens, which refers to an egg-meat type on productivity through periodic (every 2 weeks) weighing and taking protections of the physique in 100 heads of young people. On 21 heads, an anatomical cutting was carried out at which the mass of the heart, liver, two parts of the stomach (muscular, iron), the sum of the muscles (femur, crus, metatisium) took into account. The development of meat forms of the physique to determine the age and individual characteristics was determined using exterior articles of industrial (the length of the body, the length of the keel, the gripping of the chest, the length of the leg, hips, plus). Prombs were taken from the entire experienced livestock, together with weighing, every 2 weeks. In order to find the most informative age for an early estimate of meat quality, which would characterize meat productivity at an older age, the correlation was calculated between the industrial over the age periods and the mass of muscles at 16 weeks.Results. The dynamics of the average daily growth of the living mass and the mass of the carved carcass in the roosters was uneven. Until 8-week age, the average daily increase increased, then began to decline until 14 weeks of age, during 16-week aged an average increase increased dramatically. The dynamics of average daily growths in the roosters of individual muscles was similar, namely, from 4 to 8-week age, high rates of average daily growth were noted, and from 8 to 14 months of age there is a decrease, and then again activation of growth. Studies have shown that the growth of the skeleton is slowed down by 14 weeks. The dynamics of the average daily growth of internal organs in the roosters in the juvenile period occurs asynchronously. The greatest intensity of the growth of the heart, liver and stomach was observed on a 8-week age. Studies have shown that the stomach is most intensively developing up to 8 weeks, then development is braked sharply.Conclusion. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that for the preliminary selection of chickens of the egg-meat direction of cultivation with the best genetic potential for meat productivity, it is possible at 8 weeks old, but the final rating should be carried out no earlier than 14-week age. The estimation of meat qualities in a 14-week age should be carried out on the basis of live masses and industrial, namely, the oblique length of the body, the girth plus, the length of the leg, the preliminary estimate can be done in such a precursor, as the slanting the length of the body, the length of the leg and girth plus.

Ways to improve poultry productivity

The article draws attention to the fact that the vitamin feed additive Introvit A+WS is an effective complex in its composition, consisting of 12 fat-and water-soluble vitamins, 18 essential and replaceable amino acids and 9 macro-and microelements that affect not only stability to various infectious diseases, but also to increase the meat productivity of young poultry. In recent years, industrially produced vitamins have become increasingly widespread, as well as feed additives used as a means of increasing animal productivity, reducing the cost of protein feed and increasing the efficiency of using feed nutrients. The vitamin feed additive Introvit A+WS in the indicated doses under production conditions had a positive effect on the weight gain of broilers and on the preservation of the poultry population, therefore, it shall be widely used in industrial poultry farming.

Effectiveness of the Combined Use of Microelements and Tetravit in Calves of the Dairy Period

Use of biologically active additives in feeding young animals is the most important element of resource-saving technologies. The aim of the study was to study the effectiveness of use of vitamin and mineral nutrition on the growth and development of young animals. 3 groups of calves were formed at the age of 10 days. Animals of the control group received the basic diet (OR), the II-experimental group received OR + salts of microelements and the calves of the III-experimental group received OR + salts of microelements and tetratwit in doses from 1 to 3 months – 1.5 mg, from 3 to 5 months – 2.0 mg and from 5 to 6 months – 3.0 mg. Tetravit was injected once every 2 weeks throughout the study. It was found that feeding the salts of microelements (copper, zinc, cobalt, manganese, iodine) to calves during the dairy period contributes to their more intensive development and growth of their meat productivity, both in combination with tetravite and without it. Use of salts of microelements separately, and in combination with a multivitamin preparation (tetravit) contributes to a significant increase in the studied hematological parameters in young animals, relative to control analogues.

The yield of washed fiber and performance indicators in young rams of the taurian type askanian fine fleece breed

Under market conditions, the increase in wool and lamb production should not only increase the livestock number, but also increase its productivity. The significant reserve is also to improve the quality of raw materials produced. The aim of the research was to identify the features of wool and meat productivity in young rams of the Taurian type Askanian fine fleece breed the taking into account an in-depth assessment of the washed fiber yield and subsequent use of the obtained data in the selection-breeding work with sheep. The young rams of the Taurian type Askanian fine fleece breed were used for research. The formed groups were characterized by low, medium and high yield of washed fiber. The results of the studies showed an advantage in all research parameters in young rams with an average yield of washed fiber. Therefore, it is proposed to direct the selection-breeding work to improve live weight and physical and mechanical properties of wool in young rams with high yields of washed fiber (more than 60.1%), which will allow to obtain more profits not only from the wool sale but from the sale of mutton, and to reject lambs with a low washed fiber yield to prevent the transmission of this trait to their offspring.

The effect of prebiotic with bifidogenic properties on morphometric parameters of rabbits

The research was aimed at study of the potential and effectiveness of lactulose use in rabbit breeding. Lactulose is an isomer of milk sugar (disaccharide), it serves as a nutrient substrate for saccharolytic bacteria. The latter decompose it into short-chain fatty acids - lactic, acetic, propionic, butyric. At that time, the pH of the contents of the colon decreases. The microbiocenosis uses lactulose as a source of carbohydrates and energy. In this work, the optimal dosage and method of introducing lactulose into the diet of young rabbits of the California breed are calculated and determined experimentally. The experiment (2013-2016) involved male rabbits at the age of 45 days. The duration of the experiment was 60 days. The control group and two experimental groups of 20 heads each were formed by the method of analog pairs. The dry type of feeding was used using full-grain granular compound feed KK-92. Lactulose concentrate "Lactusan" was used, being added to drinking water. As the basic value of the norm for the introduction of lactulose into the diet of rabbits for further planned experiments, 0.06 g/kg of live weight per day was taken. As a result of the conducted studies, some responses of the rabbit body were revealed when they were raised using the lactulose prebiotic, which has bifidogenic properties. The influence of different dosages of lactulose on some morphological parameters and meat productivity of rabbits was established. The mass of the examined internal organs did not undergo critical changes. The introduction of lactulose into the diet of California rabbits for 60 days at a dosage of 0.06 g/kg of live weight per day increased the slaughter yield by 3.1 %, and at a dosage of 0.12 g/kg ‒by 0.5 %.

Formation of meat productivity of bulls depending on the level of feeding

The materials of the publication continue to reflect the results of long-term research conducted by the Department of Animal Feeding and Feed Technology on lactating cows and fattening bulls. The aim of the research was to study the peculiarities of the formation of meat productivity by bulls of Volyn meat breed depending on the level of feeding, which in the same diets fully meets the needs of animals in nutrients, namely: dry matter, available energy, protein fraction, carbohydrates, mineral, and biologically active substances. Theoretical issues concerning the organization of complete nutrition of specialized meat breeds with year-round uniform feeding using haylage-type mono-feed are relevant especially in the practice of fattening young animals to obtain veal and young beef. This type of feed according to our recipe is made on the farm “Pchany-Denkovych”. More complex feeds of a mixture of three, four, and five components have also been developed, and the field produces compound feed, which is called grain haylage. Diets of this type do not require the use of concentrated feed in livestock fattening. This approach is reflected in the materials of scientific and practical publications on the intensity of functional processes of muscle tissue growth without excess fat. The data obtained in our studies allow us to conclude that there is a direct relationship between the total protein content in muscle tissue and the nutritional qualities of diet food. It is such components of mono-feed as corn cobs of milk-wax ripeness and soybean pods that provide a relatively high protein content in the feed, which provided high average daily gains in live weight with a limited number of concentrates. The control slaughter of bulls at the end of the experiment showed that the average pre-slaughter live weight was at the level of 541–501 kg. Slaughter yield of carcasses was directly dependent on the structure of the diet with a small group difference, which was in the range of 0.8–1.2 % compared to the first group, whose diet compensated for the need of animals for energy and protein through concentrates and was usually more expensive. Thus, the replacement of some concentrates in terms of the nutritional value of the second and third groups does not lead to a significant negative impact on the morphological composition of carcasses, which gives reason to believe the effectiveness of such diets. Studies on fattening bulls of the Volyn meat breed give grounds to claim that the harvest of mono-feed (corn-soybean) haylage type, the nutritional value of which is more than 0.5 feed. from contains a sufficient amount of protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, provides high average daily gains in live weight, and has a positive effect on the quality of young beef. The production of this type of fodder allows producing 78.1–99.8 quintals of fodder from 1 ha of fodder area, respectively. from and 6.1–13.9 quintals of digestible protein and makes it possible to reduce the cost of concentrated feed in the structure of animal diets for fattening.

Meat Productivity of the Ross 308 - Cross Roosters by the Adding in to a Diet of Organic Acids and their Salts

The article presents the results of studies conducted on the inclusion of Presan and Selko pH feed additives produced on the basis of organic acids in the feeding diets of Ross-308 cross broiler chickens. Organic acids and their salts are used in poultry farming as an alternative to feed antibiotics, and also has the ability to prevent the development of intestinal bacterial infection, increase the resistance of the body, thereby improving the absorption of feed nutrients and increasing poultry productivity. The largest preslaughter weight was in the groups of cockerels getting the T6 diet without antibiotics adding, which is 1.92% more than the groups getting the T1-control diet. In addition, the output of the pectoral and femoral muscles was higher by chickens getting a T6 diet by 0.5 and 0.3%, in contrast to groups getting a standard diet. Thus, it has been experimentally proven that the tested feed additives Presan and Selko pH do not reduce the slaughter performance of broilers.

PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF BROILER CHICKENS WHEN FEEDING TRYPTOPHAN AND CHONDROTAN FEED MIXTURE»

The results of studies on the effect of the introduction of the amino acid tryptophan in the amount of 0.04 % in the composition of the combo feed and additionally in the diet of the feed mixture «Chondrotan» (on the physiological parameters and meat productivity of broiler chickens. The greatest effect on the hematological parameters of broilers was provided by tryptophan in combination with the feed mixture «Chondrotan» at the rate of 350 g per 1 ton of mixed feed. It was also revealed that the use of tryptophan and different amounts of «Chondrotan» feed mixture in the feeding of broiler chickens contributes to an increase, in comparison with the control, of the mass of the gutted carcass, respectively, by 2,07 (P<0,05); 5,24 (P<0,001) and 2,99 % (P<0,001), edible parts of the carcass-by 2,11 (P<0,05); 5,72 (P<0,001) and 3,14 % (P<0,001), pectoral muscles – by 2,17 (P<0,05); 5,63 (P<0,001) and 3,20 % (P<0,001). The quality indicators of meat are improving in the young animals of the experimental groups: the content of dry matter in the pectoral muscles – by 0,09; 0,15 (P<0,05) and 0,13 % (P<0,05), protein-by 0,12; 0,40 (P<0,01) and 0,19 % (P<0,05). Of the experimental groups, the highest indicators of meat yield and quality were noted in broilers of the II experimental group.