scholarly journals Variation in weed infestation of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris) depending on the intensity of chemical protection of plantations

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Domaradzki ◽  
Katarzyna Marczewska-Kolasa ◽  
Marcin Bortniak
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Chemical Protection ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Floristic Variation ◽  
Polygonum Persicaria ◽  
Herbicide Use ◽  
Lower Silesia ◽  
Made In

A floristic study was conducted over the period 2010–2012, using the Braun-Blanquet method, under which vegetation relevés were made in sugar beet (<em>Beta</em><em> vulgaris </em>L. subsp. <em>vulgaris</em>) plantations in Lower Silesia. Fields with similar habitat conditions, which differed in the intensity of herbicide application to control weed infestation, were selected for observation. A total of 144 relevés were made and based on them a list was prepared of species found in fields in which different levels of chemical protection were used. A cover index and a constancy class were determined for each species found in the phytocoenoses studied. On the basis of these observations, the study found floristic  variation in the investigated agrophytocenoses as af- fected by the level of intensity of weed control chemicals used. In  herbicide-untreated plots, a total of 25 weed species were found and their aggregate cover index was 8705. <em>Chenopodium album </em>L.<em>, Polygonum persicaria </em>L. and <em>Setaria pumila </em>(POIR.) ROEM. &amp; SCHULT by far dominated among them. Herbicide use caused an impoverishment in the floristic list. 20 taxa were observed in the plots treated with the lowest herbicide rates, while with increasing rates the number of species dropped to 18. The sum of the cover indices also decreased with increasing rates, successively reaching the values of 5907, 5212 and 4356.

scholarly journals Weed infestation of field crops in different soils in the protective zone of Roztocze National Park. Part II. Root crops

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 221-229
Author(s):  
Marta Ziemińska-Smyk ◽  
Czesława Trąba
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
National Park ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Loess Soil ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Root Crop ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Different Soils

The study on weed infestation of root crops in different soils in the protective zone of Roztocze National Park was conducted in the years 1991-1995. As many as 240 phytosociological records, made with the use of Braun-Blanquet method, were taken in potato and sugar beet fields. The number of weed species in sugar beet and potato in the area depended on the soil and type of root crop. In the same environment conditions. the iiuinber of weed species was higher in potato than in sugar beet. The most difficult weed species iii all types of soil were: <i>Chenopodium album, Stellaria media</i> and <i>Convolvulus arvensis</i>. Podsolic soils were highly infested by two acidophylic species: <i>Spergula arvensis</i> and <i>Raphanus raphanistum</i>. Potato in loess soil and brown soil made of loamy sands were highly infested by <i>Echinochloa crus-galli, Equisetum arvense</i> and <i>Galinsoga parviflora</i>. Root crop plantations in brown soils formed from gaizes of granulometric loam texture and limestone soils were infested by: <i>Galium aparine, Sonchus arvensis, Sinapis arvensis</i> and <i>Veronica persica</i>.

scholarly journals STUDY OF WEED INFESTATION IN WHEAT FIELDS AT SOUTH PUNJAB REGION PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Zahida Parveen ◽  
Shamim Umar ◽  
Muhammad Ajmal ◽  
Bilal Haider ◽  
Amna Zafar Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Plants ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Ecological Parameters

Weeds are one of the major threats to the natural environment. They are destroying native habitats, threatening native plants and animals, and choking our natural systems including rivers and forests. Aiming to explore the existing situation of weed infestation and assessing its impact, present research work was conducted in south Punjab region, focusing on District Layyah and Muzaffargarh. Weed flora of wheat crop at 3 sites i.e. Nawan Kot, Fethpur, and Karor Lal-e-son in district Layyah; and three sites (Kot Addu, Chowk Sarwar Shaheed, and Sultan Nagar) in district Muzaffargarh was observed using quadrat method. Ten quadrats measuring 1.0 m2 were randomly selected to record the data. From each quadrat soil samples (from top 3 cm) were also taken. Different ecological parameters (i. e. Frequency (%) density (%), (%), relative density (%), relative frequency (%) and important value (%) were worked out using proper formulae. Weed species related to 9 families were classified into different frequency classes. Two most important families of these sites were found Poaceae and Papilionaceae each one represented by four species. Chenopodium album, Cynodon dactylon and Anagallis arvensis were observed the most frequent species at these sites.

scholarly journals Reaction of some weed species to herbicides in sugar beet cultivation

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Domańska ◽  
L. Leska ◽  
Z. Łęgowiak ◽  
G. Maćkowiak
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Polygonum Convolvulus ◽  
Herbicide Activity

In the years 1975-1980, on the Experimental Farm Chylice fields of the Warsaw Agricultural University, herbicide activity was evaluated on commonly appearing weed species in sugar beet cultivation. The most frequent weeds were: <i>Chenopodium album, Echinochloa crus-galli, Polygonum convolvulus</i> and <i>Polygonum lapatifolium</i>. Preemergence use of chloridazon and furthermore postemergence use of phenmedipham were most effective in control. Metolachlor or bentiocarb mixed with metamitron and chloridazon were effective too. It was found that 70% control of <i>Chenopodium album</i> increased crops of sugar beets by about 25% on the basis of two years experiments (1979-1980), differing in quantity and periods of rainfall, a visible dependence of herbicide effectiveness on climatic conditions was demonstrated.

scholarly journals Emergence of weeds as affected by vertical seed distribution in arable soils

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
T.K. James ◽  
A. Rahman ◽  
T. Webster ◽  
J. Waller
Keyword(s):  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Black Nightshade ◽  
Seed Distribution ◽  
Polygonum Persicaria ◽  
Panicum Dichotomiflorum

A glasshouse study examined weed seedling emergence in soils collected from 20 sites Soil was placed in open topped columns of differing heights and the number of seedlings that emerged were counted A total of 77 different weed species emerged but most were in small numbers Four summer broadleaf weeds black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) fathen (Chenopodium album) spurrey (Spergula arvensis) and willow weed (Polygonum persicaria) showed little restriction and emerged freely from depths up to 50 mm Of the grasses summer grass (Digitaria sanguinalis) and annual poa (Poa annua) were clearly constrained at depths greater than 20 mm while smooth witchgrass (Panicum dichotomiflorum) was not Of the other broadleaf weeds waxweed (Hydrocotyle sp) and Lotus sp were constrained at depths greater than 30 mm while two smallseeded species cudweed (Gnaphalium sp) and toad rush (Juncus bufonius) did not emerge from depths greater than10 mm

Annual broadleaf crop frequency and residual weed populations in Saskatchewan Parkland

Weed Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Craig Stevenson ◽  
Adrian M. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Future Problem ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
A Site ◽  
Herbicide Use

The development of problematic weed populations is a concern in western Canadian fields where canola and pea are grown in a 4-yr sequence with spring cereal grains. Weed densities were examined at a site near Melfort, Saskatchewan, Canada, from 1994 to 1997 in seven zero-till managed crop rotations. Four rotations that included canola, pea, or flax in at least 3 of 4 yr (HBF: high broadleaf–crop frequency) were compared with three rotations that included broadleaf crops grown in 2 of 4 yr (LBF: low broadleaf–crop frequency). Spring wheat and barley were the cereal crops in rotation. Residual (postherbicide application) weed density for each weed species in a given year was summed across all phases for each rotation to reflect the overall weed infestation. Four annual broadleaf weed species were most abundant in 1996 and a second group of three species, having a variety of reproductive strategies, became progressively less abundant as the study progressed. The difference between the HBF and LBF rotations for the density of these species varied and was most prominent in years when environmental conditions were conducive for their growth. More frequent applications of ethafluralin, with its residual weed control, best explained why wild oat and catchweed bedstraw generally were less abundant in the HBF rotations. Of particular interest was the 8 plants m−-2greater density of dandelion and perennial sowthistle in the HBF vs. LBF rotations in the last year of the study. It is thought that the limited herbicide options for the control of these species could present a future problem if they continued to develop in the HBF rotations. Differences in herbicide use between the HBF and LBF rotations were considered the primary factor controlling the rotation effects on weed density.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Effects of Extract Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Chenopodium album L. on Germination of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Sanida Bektić ◽  
Samira Huseinović ◽  
Jasminka Husanović ◽  
Senad Memić
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable ◽  
Research Show ◽  
Made In

Allelopathy can have an important applicaiton in areas of agriculture, especially in integrated protection from weeds, by using of allelopathic crops in different ways. In this research allelopathic effects of invasive species acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia L.)  and white goosefood (Chenopodium album L.) are explored on germination of   tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Water extracts of dry leaves of white goosefoot and acacia are prepared according tothe  method : Norsworthy (2003). Experiment has been made in controlled laboratory conditions. Results of this research show that acacia and white goosefood have negative allelopathy potential and they act inhibitory on germination of tomatoes. Research of allelopathy and allelopathic relationships of weed species and agricultural cultures represents a big challenge for those people who are working in food production, and at the same time can be an instrument of ecologically sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Taxonomic diversity of weed flora in pulse crops growing field at south-western part of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-440
Author(s):  
Md. Shahriar Kobir ◽  
Suchana Paul ◽  
Pradip Hajong ◽  
Md. Harun-Or-Rashid ◽  
Md. Hafijur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Pulse Crop ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Weed Infestation

Pulses are important field crops in Bangladesh and weed infestation in pulses field is a great concern now a days. So, a rigorous field survey was conducted throughout the pulses growing season at pulses grower farmers’ field of south-western part of Bangladesh to know the present status of weed infestation in pulses field. During the survey, fresh samples were collected along with other related information e.g., habitat, location, collection date, flowering time, crop/plant association. Fresh samples were dried well for making herbarium specimens. A sum of 13 weed species under 12 genera and 08 families were collected and documented their uses in various ailments. Among the families, Amaranthaceae is the highest-represented family with 03 species. Among the genera, the largest genera Amaranthus represented by 2 species. Cyperous rotundus, Cynodon dactylon, Chenopodium album, Amaranthus spinosus, Croton bonplandianum, Coccinia grandis are the common and major weed species in pulse crop growing field in south-western part of Bangladesh. The knowledge generated from the present research would be helpful for the management practices of pulse crop associated weeds as well as for getting high economic benefits from beneficial species.

scholarly journals Weed Species Composition of Agrophytocenoses in Altai Krai

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Terekhina ◽  
Alyona V. Nochevnaya ◽  
Natalia V. Ovcharova ◽  
Irina A. Lapshina
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
The Road ◽  
Poaceae Family ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Brassicaceae Family

The article reviews the weed species composition of oat, sunflower, wheat, buckwheat, rapeseed and flax agrophytocenoses on 390 fields in 21 districts of Altai Krai: Aleyskiy, Bistroistokskiy, Baevskiy, Burlinskiy, Kamenskiy, Kosikhinskiy, Krutikhinskiy, Kytmanovskiy, Loktevskiy, Mamontovskiy, Novichikhinskiy, Pankrushikhinskiy, Rebrikhinskiy, Rubtsovskiy, Shipunovskiy, Sovetskiy, Tretyakovskiy, Troitskiy, Tyumentsevskiy, Zarinskiy, and Zonalniy. The studied fields were surveyed by the route method, which involved the study of the plot by examining it along two diagonals and four sides, when the area did not exceed 20.0 hectares. Larger fields were divided into plots of 20.0 hectares before the survey. The areas adjacent to roads were examined most carefully, since it is often from the road that the field becomes infested. We used the ArcGis program to compile original maps for the main weed plant species. It was found that out of 45 species encountered, only 10 play a significant role in weed infestation and have a high frequency rate: aboriginal Convolvulus arvensis, Amaranthus retroflexus, Euphorbia virgata, Lathyrus tuberosus, Chenopodium album, as well as such adventive species as Fallopia convolvulus, Setaria pumila, Panicum miliaceum subsp. ruderale, Avena fatua and Echinochloa crusgalli. The largest number of species accounts for the Poaceae family (33.3%). The Brassicaceae family is characterized by a slightly lower percentage of participation in the adventitious flora (27.7%). Other families are not so well represented (by 1-2 species each).

scholarly journals The influence of strip cropping and weed control methods on weed diversity in dent maize (Zea mays L.), narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) and oats (Avena sativa L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Głowacka
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Weed Diversity ◽  
Sole Cropping ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
The Subject

The experiment was conducted in 2008–2010 at the Experimental Station of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences in Zamość, University of Life Sciences in Lublin. The research design included two factors: I. Method of cultivation – sole cropping and strip cropping (the cultivation of three plants: maize, narrow-leafed lupin and oats, in neighboring strips); II. Weed control method – mechanical and chemical. The subject of this study was weed infestation in maize, narrow-leafed lupin and oats. The greatest diversity of weeds was found in the narrow-leafed lupine crop, while the lowest diversity in maize. The dominant weed species in maize, lupine and oats were <em>Echinochloa crus-galli</em>, <em>Chenopodium album </em>and <em>Galinsoga parviflora </em>which ranged from 34% to 99% of the total number of weeds. Strip cropping clearly reduced the number of weeds per unit area in the narrow-leafed lupin and oat crops as well as the aboveground dry weight of weeds in all plant species. Chemical weed control significantly decreased both the number and weight of weeds in comparison with the mechanical method.

scholarly journals The influence of strip cropping on the state and degree of weed infestation in dent maize (Zea mays L.), common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Głowacka
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Sole Cropping ◽  
Weed Infestation

The experiment was conducted in the years 2008–2010 at the Experimental Station of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences in Zamość, University of Life Sciences in Lublin. The following factors were analysed in the experiment: I. Cultivation method – sole cropping and strip cropping, which consisted in the cultivation of three plants: dent maize, common bean, and spring barley, in adjacent strips with a width of 3.3 m; II. Weed control methods – mechanical and chemical. The subject of the research was weed infestation of the 'Celio' variety of dent maize, the 'Aura' variety of common bean, and the 'Start' variety of spring barley. Weed infestation of the crops was assessed two weeks before harvesting by determining the species composi- tion as well as the number and dry weight of weeds. The dominant weed species in maize, common bean and spring barley were <em>Echinochloa crus-galli, Chenopodium album </em>and <em>Galinsoga parviflora</em>, constituting from 58% to 70% of the total number of weeds. Strip cropping clearly reduced the number of weeds per unit area in all the cultivated species and dry weight of aboveground parts produced by them in common bean and maize crops. The limiting effect of strip cropping on the weed infestation parameters was particularly clear in combination with the mechanical weed control method.

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