Enhancement in Activity of Homologous and Heterologous Viruses Against the Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) by an Optical Brightener

1994 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Shapiro ◽  
Edward M. Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Optical Brightener

The synergistic action and UV protection of optical brightener on three different geographic isolates of Asian Gypsy Moth Nucleopolyhedrovirus (LdMNPV)

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1796-1802
Author(s):  
王树娟 WANG Shujuan ◽  
段立清 DUAN Liqing ◽  
李海平 LI Haiping ◽  
马涛 MA Tao ◽  
Otvos. I.S Otvos. I.S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Synergistic Action ◽  
Uv Protection ◽  
Optical Brightener ◽  
Asian Gypsy Moth

Stilbenes as enhancers for gypsy moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) nucleopolyhedrovirus

2003 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Shapiro ◽  
Robert A. Argauer
Keyword(s):  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Disulfonic Acid ◽  
Brilliant Yellow ◽  
Optical Brightener ◽  
Viral Activity ◽  
Synthetic Estrogen ◽  
Synthetic Estrogens ◽  
Tinopal Lpw

AbstractThe stilbenes 4,4′-diaminostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid, 4-aminostilbene disulfonic acid, and dinitrostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid were tested as enhancers for the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), nucleopolyhedrovirus (LdNPV). 4-Amino nitrostilbene disulfonic acid had no effect on the activity (LC50) of LdNPV, whereas both 4,4′-diaminostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid and 4-aminostilbene disulfonic acid were inhibitory. Diethylstilbestrol, a stilbene synthetic estrogen, and two synthetic estrogens (i.e., estradiol-17-acetate, estrone acetate) had no effects on viral activity. Two stilbene dyes (i.e., direct yellow 62, brilliant yellow 6) and a stilbene optical brightener (i.e., Tinopal LPW) significantly increased the activity of LdNPV. Activity was increased by approximately 230-fold by Tinopal LPW, 26-fold by direct yellow 62, and 36-fold by brilliant yellow 6. This study demonstrates that some stilbenes can act as enhancers, whereas others do not.

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