Scale-Up of Organic Reactions in a Pharmaceutical Kilo-Lab Using a Commercial Microwave Reactor

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 650-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hansjoerg Lehmann ◽  
Luigi LaVecchia
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Organic Reactions ◽  
Microwave Reactor

A Commercial Continuous Flow Microwave Reactor Evaluated for Scale-Up

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 926-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Bergamelli ◽  
Mauro Iannelli ◽  
Jameel A. Marafie ◽  
Jonathan D. Moseley
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Microwave Reactor

Exploring the Scope for Scale-Up of Organic Chemistry Using a Large Batch Microwave Reactor

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason R. Schmink ◽  
Chad M. Kormos ◽  
William G. Devine ◽  
Nicholas E. Leadbeater
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Large Batch ◽  
Microwave Reactor

scholarly journals Catalyst Heating Characteristics in the Traveling-Wave Microwave Reactor

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Alberto Martínez González ◽  
Andrzej Stankiewicz ◽  
Hakan Nigar
Keyword(s):  
Traveling Wave ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Microwave Cavity ◽  
Average Deviation ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽  
Microwave Reactor ◽  
Bed Temperature ◽  
Process Scale Up

Traveling-Wave Microwave Reactor (TMR) presents a novel heterogeneous catalytic reactor concept based on a coaxial waveguide structure. In the current paper, both modeling and experimental studies of catalyst heating in the TMR are presented. The developed 3D multiphysics model was validated from the electromagnetic and heat transfer points of view. Extrudes of silicon carbide (SiC) were selected as catalyst supports and microwave absorbing media in a packed-bed configuration. The packed-bed temperature evolution was in good agreement with experimental data, with an average deviation of less than 10%. Both experimental and simulation results show that the homogeneous temperature distribution is possible in the TMR system. It is envisioned that the TMR concept may facilitate process scale-up while providing temperature homogeneity beyond the intrinsic restrictions of microwave cavity systems.

scholarly journals Application of the Microwave Technique in Continuous Flow Processing of Organophosphorus Chemical Reactions

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Bálint ◽  
Ádám Tajti ◽  
György Keglevich
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Organic Reactions ◽  
Materials Chemistry ◽  
Efficient Tool ◽  
Microwave Technique

The microwave (MW) technique is an efficient tool in the realization of organic reactions, as well as in the analytical field and in the food industry. The continuous flow approach is of special interest as a promising way to scale-up MW-assisted syntheses. Besides summarizing the batch precedents, this review focuses on the utilization of the MW technique in the continuous-flow realization of organophosphorus transformations. The advantages of the continuous flow technique against the batch accomplishment are also shown. A few materials chemistry-related applications are also mentioned.

scholarly journals Synthesis of five- and six-membered cyclic organic peroxides: Key transformations into peroxide ring-retaining products

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 34-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander O Terent'ev ◽  
Dmitry A Borisov ◽  
Vera A Vil’ ◽  
Valery M Dembitsky
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Agents ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Organic Reactions ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Organic Peroxides ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cyclic Compounds

The present review describes the current status of synthetic five and six-membered cyclic peroxides such as 1,2-dioxolanes, 1,2,4-trioxolanes (ozonides), 1,2-dioxanes, 1,2-dioxenes, 1,2,4-trioxanes, and 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes. The literature from 2000 onwards is surveyed to provide an update on synthesis of cyclic peroxides. The indicated period of time is, on the whole, characterized by the development of new efficient and scale-up methods for the preparation of these cyclic compounds. It was shown that cyclic peroxides remain unchanged throughout the course of a wide range of fundamental organic reactions. Due to these properties, the molecular structures can be greatly modified to give peroxide ring-retaining products. The chemistry of cyclic peroxides has attracted considerable attention, because these compounds are used in medicine for the design of antimalarial, antihelminthic, and antitumor agents.

Application of Focused Microwaves to the Scale-Up of Solvent-Free Organic Reactions

2000 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 498-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Cléophax ◽  
M. Liagre ◽  
A. Loupy ◽  
A. Petit
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Organic Reactions

Flow Microwave Technology and Microreactors in Synthesis

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R. Baxendale ◽  
Christian Hornung ◽  
Steven V. Ley ◽  
Juan de Mata Muñoz Molina ◽  
Anders Wikström
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Microwave Technology ◽  
Carbon Doped ◽  
Microwave Reactor ◽  
Reaction Media

A bespoke microwave reactor with a glass containment cell has been developed for performing continuous flow reactions under microwave heating. The prototype unit has been evaluated using a series of standard organic chemical transformations enabling scale-up of these chemical processes. As part of the development, a carbon-doped PTFE reactor insert was utilized to allow the heating of poorly absorbing reaction media, increasing the range of solvents and scope of reactions that can be performed in the device.

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