On Scale Up of Organic Reactions in Closed Vessel Microwave Systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 915-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Strauss
Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Bálint ◽  
Ádám Tajti ◽  
György Keglevich

The microwave (MW) technique is an efficient tool in the realization of organic reactions, as well as in the analytical field and in the food industry. The continuous flow approach is of special interest as a promising way to scale-up MW-assisted syntheses. Besides summarizing the batch precedents, this review focuses on the utilization of the MW technique in the continuous-flow realization of organophosphorus transformations. The advantages of the continuous flow technique against the batch accomplishment are also shown. A few materials chemistry-related applications are also mentioned.


2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 34-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander O Terent'ev ◽  
Dmitry A Borisov ◽  
Vera A Vil’ ◽  
Valery M Dembitsky

The present review describes the current status of synthetic five and six-membered cyclic peroxides such as 1,2-dioxolanes, 1,2,4-trioxolanes (ozonides), 1,2-dioxanes, 1,2-dioxenes, 1,2,4-trioxanes, and 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes. The literature from 2000 onwards is surveyed to provide an update on synthesis of cyclic peroxides. The indicated period of time is, on the whole, characterized by the development of new efficient and scale-up methods for the preparation of these cyclic compounds. It was shown that cyclic peroxides remain unchanged throughout the course of a wide range of fundamental organic reactions. Due to these properties, the molecular structures can be greatly modified to give peroxide ring-retaining products. The chemistry of cyclic peroxides has attracted considerable attention, because these compounds are used in medicine for the design of antimalarial, antihelminthic, and antitumor agents.


2000 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 498-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Cléophax ◽  
M. Liagre ◽  
A. Loupy ◽  
A. Petit

Author(s):  
L.E. Murr ◽  
J.S. Dunning ◽  
S. Shankar

Aluminum additions to conventional 18Cr-8Ni austenitic stainless steel compositions impart excellent resistance to high sulfur environments. However, problems are typically encountered with aluminum additions above about 1% due to embrittlement caused by aluminum in solid solution and the precipitation of NiAl. Consequently, little use has been made of aluminum alloy additions to stainless steels for use in sulfur or H2S environments in the chemical industry, energy conversion or generation, and mineral processing, for example.A research program at the Albany Research Center has concentrated on the development of a wrought alloy composition with as low a chromium content as possible, with the idea of developing a low-chromium substitute for 310 stainless steel (25Cr-20Ni) which is often used in high-sulfur environments. On the basis of workability and microstructural studies involving optical metallography on 100g button ingots soaked at 700°C and air-cooled, a low-alloy composition Fe-12Cr-5Ni-4Al (in wt %) was selected for scale up and property evaluation.


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