Acid rain demonstration: The formation of nitrogen oxides as a by-product of high-temperature flames in connection with internal combustion engines

1997 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry A. Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Acid Rain ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines

scholarly journals On the issue of reducing the negative impact of nitrogen oxides in the system recirculation of diesel exhaust gases on applying the vortex effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Irina Belinskaia ◽  
Rahim Zainetdinov ◽  
Konstantin Evdokimov
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Vortex Effect

The problem of negative impact on the environment of motor transport is one of the most fundamental in the complex of global problems. The constant increase in the number of cars with internal combustion engines encourages the search for methods and ways to reduce the volume of negative impulses. The operation of heat engines is accompanied by significant emissions of gaseous harmful substances into the atmosphere, i.e. nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, as well as solid particles, including soot. The solution to this problem should be implemented within the framework of a systematic approach. To do this, it is necessary to combine the study of technical, economic, and organizational approaches to the organization of the exhaust gas disposal process. To date, there is a significant methodological base in the field of organizational and economic decisions. The article discusses various methods of cleaning exhaust gases of piston engines, their advantages and disadvantages are noted. The method of processing using ammonia is widely known. It is noted that a catalytic method for reducing nitrogen oxides using ammonia is quite economical. However, the optimal temperature range at which nitrogen oxides are reduced is rather narrow. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use the vortex effect in the exhaust system. The efficiency of using a vortex gas recirculation pipe is due to its significant influence on the thermal gasdynamic processes occurring in the exhaust system. Using the principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics allows us to take into account dissipative processes when establishing the relationship of fuel and economic indicators of internal combustion engines with thermodynamic parameters. This significantly increases the accuracy of calculations and allows you to develop measures to reduce the level of negative impact on the environment.

Testing a device for starting an internal combustion engine at low temperature and prospects for its application

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Compartment ◽  
Ambient Temperatures

The starting of the internal combustion engine in conditions of low and critically low ambient temperatures is considered. It is shown that a successful start of an internal combustion engine can be ensured by creating a fuel-air mixture with a high temperature outside the engine compartment. The design of a device for creating such mixture and research experimental data are presented. A new scheme of the starting device is proposed, which can be integrated into various types of internal combustion engines. Keywords: internal combustion engine, starting, low temperature, operation. [email protected]

Nitrogen oxides in internal combustion engine gases

1937 ◽  
Vol 163 (912) ◽  
pp. 90-100 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Hydrocarbon Combustion ◽  
Made In

An account was given in a paper entitled “Proknocks and Hydrocarbon Combustion” (Ubbelohde, Drinkwater and Egerton 1935) of some experiments made to trace the source of the nitrogen peroxide which had been found by sampling the products from the cylinder of a petrol engine at various stages of the stroke. Those experiments indicated that it was not simply a matter of nitric oxide formed by the flame giving rise to the nitrogen peroxide, for different results were obtained using different exhaust-valve surfaces. Nevertheless it seemed probable that the flame should be mainly responsible for the formation of nitric oxide, and so further experiments have been made. In order to make progress it was essential to determine the amount of nitric oxide as well as the amount of nitrogen peroxide, and analytical methods had to be devised to do this. The first part of this note deals with the methods of determining small quantities (of the order of 10 -4 mol. fraction) of total nitrogen oxides and of nitrogen peroxide, and the second part with the results of analyses of the gases sampled from the cylinder of internal combustion engines by the methods described by Egerton, Smith and Ubbelohde (1935) and by Drinkwater and Egerton for the C. I. engine in a paper shortly to be published.

scholarly journals Regulation and control in cooling systems of internal combustion engines

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 02015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Zhukov ◽  
Olesya Melnik ◽  
Nikita Logunov ◽  
Sergei Chernyi
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Automatic Regulation ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Engine Cooling ◽  
And Control

The paper is devoted to the urgent problem of improving the automatic regulation of the thermal state of internal combustion engines and controlling the water-chemical cooling regimes during the transition to high-temperature cooling. Principal and functional diagrams of cooling systems with improved control are presented. The prospects of controlling the pressure in the internal circuit of high-temperature engine cooling systems and the automatic control of the physicochemical characteristics of the coolant have been proved.

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