A New Look at Nitrogen Oxides Formation in Internal Combustion Engines

1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Eyzat ◽  
J. C. Guibet
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
New Look

scholarly journals On the issue of reducing the negative impact of nitrogen oxides in the system recirculation of diesel exhaust gases on applying the vortex effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Irina Belinskaia ◽  
Rahim Zainetdinov ◽  
Konstantin Evdokimov
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Vortex Effect

The problem of negative impact on the environment of motor transport is one of the most fundamental in the complex of global problems. The constant increase in the number of cars with internal combustion engines encourages the search for methods and ways to reduce the volume of negative impulses. The operation of heat engines is accompanied by significant emissions of gaseous harmful substances into the atmosphere, i.e. nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, as well as solid particles, including soot. The solution to this problem should be implemented within the framework of a systematic approach. To do this, it is necessary to combine the study of technical, economic, and organizational approaches to the organization of the exhaust gas disposal process. To date, there is a significant methodological base in the field of organizational and economic decisions. The article discusses various methods of cleaning exhaust gases of piston engines, their advantages and disadvantages are noted. The method of processing using ammonia is widely known. It is noted that a catalytic method for reducing nitrogen oxides using ammonia is quite economical. However, the optimal temperature range at which nitrogen oxides are reduced is rather narrow. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use the vortex effect in the exhaust system. The efficiency of using a vortex gas recirculation pipe is due to its significant influence on the thermal gasdynamic processes occurring in the exhaust system. Using the principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics allows us to take into account dissipative processes when establishing the relationship of fuel and economic indicators of internal combustion engines with thermodynamic parameters. This significantly increases the accuracy of calculations and allows you to develop measures to reduce the level of negative impact on the environment.

Nitrogen oxides in internal combustion engine gases

1937 ◽  
Vol 163 (912) ◽  
pp. 90-100 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Hydrocarbon Combustion ◽  
Made In

An account was given in a paper entitled “Proknocks and Hydrocarbon Combustion” (Ubbelohde, Drinkwater and Egerton 1935) of some experiments made to trace the source of the nitrogen peroxide which had been found by sampling the products from the cylinder of a petrol engine at various stages of the stroke. Those experiments indicated that it was not simply a matter of nitric oxide formed by the flame giving rise to the nitrogen peroxide, for different results were obtained using different exhaust-valve surfaces. Nevertheless it seemed probable that the flame should be mainly responsible for the formation of nitric oxide, and so further experiments have been made. In order to make progress it was essential to determine the amount of nitric oxide as well as the amount of nitrogen peroxide, and analytical methods had to be devised to do this. The first part of this note deals with the methods of determining small quantities (of the order of 10 -4 mol. fraction) of total nitrogen oxides and of nitrogen peroxide, and the second part with the results of analyses of the gases sampled from the cylinder of internal combustion engines by the methods described by Egerton, Smith and Ubbelohde (1935) and by Drinkwater and Egerton for the C. I. engine in a paper shortly to be published.

Analysis of Nitrogen Oxides Emission by Modern Vehicles when Used Hydrogen or Other Natural and Synthetic Fuels in Combustion Chamber

2019 ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
S. E. Shcheklein ◽  
A. M. Dubinin
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Mass Conservation ◽  
Equilibrium Composition ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Power Generators ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

This paper presents calculated analysis of the equilibrium emission of nitrogen oxides at the exhaust of carburetor and diesel internal combustion engines. The temperature of the fuel oxidation process is assumed to be 1,400 °C, the pressure for carburetor and diesel engines to be 60 and 80 at, respectively. We have conducted studies for natural and artificial fuels: hydrogen, ethanol, methanol, gasoline, diesel fuel and methane with an excess air ratio corresponding to the oxidation temperature of fuels 1,400 °C. The method of calculating the equilibrium composition based on the equilibrium constant and the equations of mass conservation is applied. It is shown that with an increase in pressure from 1 to 60 bar for the carburetor engines and up to 80 bar for the diesel engines the reaction of nitrogen dioxide formation shifts towards an increase in NO2. Increasing the pressure has no effect on the formation of NO, since the reaction proceeds without changes in the volume. It is established that the main polluting atmospheric component is NO. However, it is advisable to make greater use of fuel with the lowest yield nitrogen dioxide (methane and methanol) because nitrogen dioxide (NO2) pertaining to the chemicals 2ndclass of danger is the most dangerous to humans. It is established that the reducing temperature of oxidation using hydrogen as fuel for electrochemical power generators allows us to reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides over an order of magnitude in comparison with the best results for internal combustion engines.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document