simple repetitive sequences
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2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Ezaz ◽  
Janine E. Deakin

Sex chromosomes are the most dynamic entity in any genome having unique morphology, gene content, and evolution. They have evolved multiple times and independently throughout vertebrate evolution. One of the major genomic changes that pertain to sex chromosomes involves the amplification of common repeats. It is hypothesized that such amplification of repeats facilitates the suppression of recombination, leading to the evolution of heteromorphic sex chromosomes through genetic degradation of Y or W chromosomes. Although contrasting evidence is available, it is clear that amplification of simple repetitive sequences played a major role in the evolution of Y and W chromosomes in vertebrates. In this review, we present a brief overview of the repetitive DNA classes that accumulated during sex chromosome evolution, mainly focusing on vertebrates, and discuss their possible role and potential function in this process.


2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Pisarchik ◽  
N. A. Kartel’

1997 ◽  
pp. 121-134
Author(s):  
Jörg T. Epplen ◽  
Edúardo J.M. Santos

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Hamann ◽  
Dorothea Zink ◽  
Walter Nagl

The genetic variability of the genus Phaseolus was investigated by nonradioactive DNA fingerprinting. The simple repetitive sequences (GATA)4, (GACA)4, (CAC)5, and (CA)8 were used as probes to differentiate 18 species comprised of 90 genotypes. (GATA)4, (CAC)5, and (CA)8 could be detected in the genome of nearly all species, while the (GACA)4 motif occurred only in 13 species. Almost all fragments that hybridized with (GACA)4 also hybridized with (GATA)4. All but two cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris, P. lunatus, P. acutifolius, and P. polyanthus showed specific banding patterns with (GATA)4. The other repetitive motifs revealed only limited or no intraspecific variation. In P. vulgaris, two group-specific patterns were found with (GATA)4, giving further evidence for a Middle American and an Andean origin of the P. vulgaris genotypes. The high intraspecific pattern variation that was revealed with (GATA)4 in the predominantly self-pollinating species P. vulgaris and P. lunatus can probably be explained by there being at least two primary centres of domestication and, hence, genetic diversification. In cross-pollinating species (e.g., P. coccineus), the observed intraspecific variation was, surprisingly, rather low. The present study shows that DNA fingerprinting with microsatellites successfully distinguishes among gene pools, cultivars, and, in some cases, among individuals.Key words: Leguminosae, plants, nonradioactive, simple sequences, digoxigenated oligonucleotide probes.


1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1705-1714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir K. Brahmachari ◽  
Gopinath Meera ◽  
Partha S. Sarkar ◽  
Pichumani Balagurumoorthy ◽  
Jalaj Tripathi ◽  
...  

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