Electron tunneling through grain boundaries in transparent conductive oxides and implications for electrical conductivity: the case of ZnO:Al thin films

A new model is presented to describe charge scattering at grain boundaries in degenerately doped polycrystalline semiconductors such as transparent conductive oxides.

Linking thermoelectric generation in polycrystalline semiconductors to grain boundary effects sets a platform for novel Seebeck effect-based sensors

Data available on the thermoelectric properties of polycrystalline semiconductors are inconsistent, riddled with gaps, and ascribe stronger Seebeck effects to polycrystalline samples rather than single crystals.