Analisis Campuran Tanah Liat dan Batu Kapur Bukit Pecatu Sebagai Instrumen Pemanen dan Penampung Air Hujan

This research originated from the large number of limestone mining in the Pecatu Hill area and it caused deep niches. On the other hand, the problem of water scarcity is the main thing, because the characteristics of karst rocks can escape, dissolve and absorb water. The condition of the ex-niche mining and water shortages are two different problems. But in this study, trying to combine these problems into a solution with the aim of making experiments that can make limestone from Pecatu Hill have the potential to hold water for a long time in the form of a miniature reservoir model. This miniature reservoir model is made with a mixture of clay suspensions of various concentrations (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%). This miniature reservoir model is tested for discharge and absorption of water which is assumed to be rainwater puddle to determine the ability to absorb rainwater. The result of this test is that the miniature reservoir with a mixture of 15% clay suspension has the ability to withstand a decrease in rainwater shrinkage of 0.04L / minute and has a small water absorption capacity of 10.91% compared to other concentrations. This shows that the miniature limestone reservoir of Pecatu Hill with a mixture of 15% clay suspension has potential as an instrument for harvesting and collecting rainwater. So this is expected to be utilized by the villagers of Pecatu Hill as an instrument for harvesting and collecting rainwater.

Nonlinear wave and cavitation processes and their effect on the mechanical properties of viscous solutions

In this paper, we present experimental results on the effect of nonlinear wave and cavitation processes occurring in flowing working parts of hydrodynamic generators of vortex and flat types with flow bodies of various shapes on the physicomechanical properties of a clay suspension. The model of the vortex-type generator with tangential and radial channels for feeding the working fluid of the generator, which is a flat channel with three bodies of flow around a cylindrical shape, was subjected to research.

Flocculation behaviour of bioflocculant produced from chicken viscera

The flocculation performance of bioflocculant produced by Aspergillus flavus S44-1 grown on chicken viscera hydrolysate was investigated. The investigations were carried out using jar testing and kaolin clay suspension as model wastewater. The bioflocculant yielded a minimum of 83.1% efficiency in flocculating 2-12 g L-1 kaolin clay suspension over a wide temperature range (4-80 °C) and functioned maximally at neutral pH. The bioflocculant significantly flocculated different suspended particles such as activated carbon (92%), soil solid (94.8%), and algae (69.4%) at varying concentrations. Bridging mediated by cation is suggested as the main mechanism of flocculation by the present bioflocculant.

Porous cordierite ceramics with the poreformers of different kinds

The investigating results are given on the cordierite ceramic porous materials development. The wood waste and the crystalline carbamide were used as the pore-formers. The pore structure analysis showed that all samples had complex pore space composed of numerous elongated connected pores. The best pore formation factors were achieved when using the organic crystalline pore-former. It was demonstrated that nanodispersive metal alumina acted as the strengthening agent in course of the porous ceramics sintering. The organic clay suspension improves the cordierite powder's agglomeration capacity and gives rise to additional nano- and micro-pores.

Screening for Bioflocculant-Producing Bacteria from the Marine Environment of Sodwana Bay, South Africa

Flocculants are chemicals that mediate flocculation process, by aggregating colloids from suspension to form floc. Chemical flocculants are hazardous to the environment, which inform the search for safer and eco-friendly alternatives from microorganisms. Bacterial strains were isolated from water and sediment samples collected from Sodwana Bay, South Africa, and physiological properties of the bacterial strains were observed. Flocculation test using kaolin clay suspension was done on all isolates and the ones that showed flocculating activity were identified molecularly using 16 rRNA gene sequence analysis. Forty marine bacteria isolates were gotten from sediments and water samples collected from Sodwana Bay. Most of the isolates exhibited a range of colony pigmentation (pink, creamy, yellow, and white). After purification of individual isolates, they were screened for their potential to produce bioflocculant. The result revealed that isolates marked SOD3, SOD10, SOD12, SOD26, SOD27, SOD28, SOD32, SOD33 and SOD34 produced bioflocculants as shown by the flocculating activities from their crude extract. All these isolates showed good flocculation of kaolin clay suspension above 60% (flocculating activity) except SOD12. These bioflocculant producing isolates were identified asPseudoalteromonas sp,Alcaligenes faecalis,Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus cereus,Bacillus stratosphericus. The results showed Sodwana Bay, South Africa as a reservoir of bacteria with potential to produce flocculants. However, further studies on the optimisation of culture conditions for bioflocculant production, extraction, characterisation and application of isolates is on the way to underscore the biotechnological importance of these microbes as producers of substitutes to harmful chemical flocculants commonly used in water and wastewater treatment.