scholarly journals Microplasma-assisted hydrogel fabrication: A novel method for gelatin-graphene oxide nano composite hydrogel synthesis for biomedical application

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mantosh Kumar Satapathy ◽  
Wei-Hung Chiang ◽  
Er-Yuan Chuang ◽  
Chih-Hwa Chen ◽  
Jia-Liang Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Composite Hydrogel ◽  
Swelling Behavior ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Nano Composite

Toxicity issues and biocompatibility concerns with traditional classical chemical cross-linking processes prevent them from being universal approaches for hydrogel fabrication for tissue engineering. Physical cross-linking methods are non-toxic and widely used to obtain cross-linked polymers in a tunable manner. Therefore, in the current study, argon micro-plasma was introduced as a neutral energy source for cross-linking in fabrication of the desired gelatin-graphene oxide (gel-GO) nanocomposite hydrogel scaffolds. Argon microplasma was used to treat purified gelatin (8% w/v) containing 0.1∼1 wt% of high-functionality nano-graphene oxide (GO). Optimized plasma conditions (2,500 V and 8.7 mA) for 15 min with a gas flow rate of 100 standard cm3/min was found to be most suitable for producing the gel-GO nanocomposite hydrogels. The developed hydrogel was characterized by the degree of cross-linking, FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, confocal microscopy, swelling behavior, contact angle measurement, and rheology. The cell viability was examined by an MTT assay and a live/dead assay. The pore size of the hydrogel was found to be 287 ± 27 µm with a contact angle of 78° ± 3.7°. Rheological data revealed improved storage as well as a loss modulus of up to 50% with tunable viscoelasticity, gel strength, and mechanical properties at 37 °C temperature in the microplasma-treated groups. The swelling behavior demonstrated a better water-holding capacity of the gel-GO hydrogels for cell growth and proliferation. Results of the MTT assay, microscopy, and live/dead assay exhibited better cell viability at 1% (w/w) of high-functionality GO in gelatin. The highlight of the present study is the first successful attempt of microplasma-assisted gelatin-GO nano composite hydrogel fabrication that offers great promise and optimism for further biomedical tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Design of graphene oxide/gelatin electrospun nanocomposite fibers for tissue engineering applications

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (110) ◽  
pp. 109150-109156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakthivel Nagarajan ◽  
Céline Pochat-Bohatier ◽  
Catherine Teyssier ◽  
Sébastien Balme ◽  
Philippe Miele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Nanocomposite Fibers

2D graphene oxide (GO) is used to enhance the mechanical properties of gelatin electrospun fibers. The GO does not show any significant influence on cell viability and cell attachment even though the expression of osteoblast gene is affected.

scholarly journals Electroactive 3D Printed Scaffolds Based on Percolated Composites of Polycaprolactone with Thermally Reduced Graphene Oxide for Antibacterial and Tissue Engineering Applications

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Angulo-Pineda ◽  
Kasama Srirussamee ◽  
Patricia Palma ◽  
Victor M. Fuenzalida ◽  
Sarah H. Cartmell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Reduced Graphene

Applying electrical stimulation (ES) could affect different cellular mechanisms, thereby producing a bactericidal effect and an increase in human cell viability. Despite its relevance, this bioelectric effect has been barely reported in percolated conductive biopolymers. In this context, electroactive polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds with conductive Thermally Reduced Graphene Oxide (TrGO) nanoparticles were obtained by a 3D printing method. Under direct current (DC) along the percolated scaffolds, a strong antibacterial effect was observed, which completely eradicated S. aureus on the surface of scaffolds. Notably, the same ES regime also produced a four-fold increase in the viability of human mesenchymal stem cells attached to the 3D conductive PCL/TrGO scaffold compared with the pure PCL scaffold. These results have widened the design of novel electroactive composite polymers that could both eliminate the bacteria adhered to the scaffold and increase human cell viability, which have great potential in tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Biodegradable Gelatin Methacrylate/Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Composite Hydrogel for Bone Tissue Engineering

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 617
Author(s):  
Ji-Bong Choi ◽  
Yu-Kyoung Kim ◽  
Seon-Mi Byeon ◽  
Jung-Eun Park ◽  
Tae-Sung Bae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Composite Hydrogel ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
High Bone

In the field of bone tissue, maintaining adequate mechanical strength and tissue volume is an important part. Recently, biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) was fabricated to solve the shortcomings of hydroxyapatite (HA) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), and it is widely studied in the field of bone-tissue engineering. In this study, a composite hydrogel was fabricated by applying BCP to gelatin methacrylate (GelMA). It was tested by using a mechanical tester, to characterize the mechanical properties of the prepared composite hydrogel. The fabricated BCP was analyzed through FTIR and XRD. As a result, a different characteristic pattern from hydroxyapatite (HA) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) was observed, and it was confirmed that it was successfully bound to the hydrogel. Then, the proliferation and differentiation of preosteoblasts were checked to evaluate cell viability. The analysis results showed high cell viability and relatively high bone differentiation ability in the composite hydrogel to which BCP was applied. These features have been shown to be beneficial for bone regeneration by maintaining the volume and shape of the hydrogel. In addition, hydrogels can be advantageous for clinical use, as they can shape the structure of the material for custom applications.

Pericardial fluid and vascular tissue engineering: A preliminary study

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-113
Author(s):  
Dilek Sönmezer ◽  
Fatma Lati̇foğlu ◽  
Güler Toprak ◽  
Ayhan Düzler ◽  
İsmail Alper İşoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Pericardial Fluid ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Pericardial Cavity ◽  
Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Fetal Bovine ◽  
Preliminary Study

BACKGROUND: The heart is surrounded by a membrane called pericardium or pericardial cavity. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we investigated the pericardial fluid (PF) for coating polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds. PFS, which is a PF component, was used for the coating material. In addition to using PFS for surface coating, MED and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were also used for comparison. METHODS: Pericardial fluid cells (PFSc) isolated from PF were cultured on coated PCL scaffolds for 1, 3, and 5 days. Cell viability was determined using 3-(4, 5-di-methylthiazol- 2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS: The MTT assay results showed that the viability of cells on PCL scaffold coated with PFS increased over time (P < 0.005), and cell viability was significantly different between PCL scaffolds coated with PFS and non-coated PCL scaffolds. However, cell viability was significantly higher in the PCL scaffolds coated with PFS than non-coated and coated with FBS, MED, and PCL scaffolds. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) microscopy images and MTT assay indicated that PFSc are attached, proliferated, and spread on PCL scaffolds, especially on PCL scaffolds coated with PFS. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that PFS is a biocompatible material for surface modification of PCL scaffolds, which can be used as a suitable material for tissue engineering applications.

Graphene Oxide Reinforced Degradable Polyurethane for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tissue Engineering

2014 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 304-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ling Zhang ◽  
Lin Guo ◽  
Long Chen ◽  
Shuai Hua Li ◽  
Gang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Oxide Composite ◽  
Composite Modulus ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Ligament Tissue Engineering

Here we report the development of Poly Urethane (PU)/ graphene oxide composite used as the scaffold of anterior cruciate ligament tissue engineering. The influences of the GO on the composite were studied by FTIR, SEM and XRD. The Youngs modulus of the composite is 30.6 MPa compared to that of PU`s 6.8 MPa. The GO induced heterogeneous crystal increasing should be the reason for the composite modulus improving, as well as the interaction between the GO and PU. The good biocompatibility of the composite testified by cell viability experiment indicates the promising candidates of the material as the ACL tissue engineering scaffold.

Polyurethane/chitosan/hyaluronic acid scaffolds: providing an optimum environment for fibroblast growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 586-596
Author(s):  
Seyedeh-Sara Hashemi ◽  
Seyedeh-Somayeh Rajabi ◽  
Reza Mahmoudi ◽  
Amir Ghanbari ◽  
Kazem Zibara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Uniform Structure ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
The Mean

Objective: Biodegradable polymers can replace damaged tissue components using tissue engineering techniques. The objective of this study is to determine an optimum environment for polymer scaffolds to improve the proliferation of fibroblast cells capable of wound repair. Method: In this study, the addition of polysaccharides, such as chitosan (CH) or hyaluronic acid (HA), to a polyurethane (PU) polymer was evaluated using different methods to determine if they affect scaffold morphology and cell activity of fibroblasts prepared from human foreskin tissues. Mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, contact angle and swelling test, were used to check the physical and mechanical properties of the scaffold. Fibroblast growth was also measured at 24, 48 and 72 hours. Results: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) determined that a 3:1 ratio of PU/CH scaffold, developed by electrospinning, allowed the formation of a uniform structure in scaffold fibres. Physical mechanical tests showed that PU electrospun scaffolds were not modified by the addition of CH. The mean stretch and mean water absorption increased significantly using the PU/CH scaffold, compared with the PU scaffold. However, the mean tensile strength and the mean contact angle, used to study space and porosity, did not differ between scaffolds. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the functional groups (–OH, –NH and –C=O) in the PU/CH scaffold, compared with PU or CH chemical structures alone. HA was then added to CH and PU/CH scaffolds to evaluate the growth of fibroblast cells. Results showed that cell viability and the number of cells, using MTT and trypan blue exclusion assay, respectively, increased significantly at 24, 48 and 72 hours of culture in PU/CH/HA scaffold compared to HA, CH/HA, and PU/HA. Moreover, PU/HA at 48 and 72 hours also increased cell viability and cell numbers compared to HA and CH/HA scaffolds. However, scaffolds at 72 hours had limited space for cell growth. Moreover, SEM data demonstrated that fibroblasts were able to proliferate, penetrate, migrate and survive on PU/HA and PU/CH/HA three-dimensional scaffolds, especially during the first 48 hours. Furthermore, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining confirmed that fibroblasts could penetrate PU scaffolds and showed higher cell viability and lower cellular damage in PU/CH/HA, compared to CH/HA and PU/HA scaffolds. Finally, flow cytometry using CD90 and CD105 surface markers revealed that >90% of cells isolated from the human dermis were fibroblasts. Conclusion: In summary, PU/HA and PU/CH/HA scaffolds were found to be biocompatible and provided a suitable environment for the growth and proliferation of fibroblasts, which filled and covered all pores between the fibres. The new scaffold used in this study, made of synthetic and natural polymers, is a good candidate for applications in tissue engineering. It is therefore recommended to use PU in grafts or in wound dressing.

Mussel-inspired electroactive chitosan/graphene oxide composite hydrogel with rapid self-healing and recovery behavior for tissue engineering

Carbon ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 557-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Jing ◽  
Hao-Yang Mi ◽  
Brett N. Napiwocki ◽  
Xiang-Fang Peng ◽  
Lih-Sheng Turng
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Composite Hydrogel ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Oxide Composite ◽  
Recovery Behavior

scholarly journals Chitosan/Poly Vinyl Alcohol/Graphene Oxide Based pH-Responsive Composite Hydrogel Films: Drug Release, Anti-Microbial and Cell Viability Studies

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3124
Author(s):  
Muhammad Umar Aslam Khan ◽  
Zahida Yaqoob ◽  
Mohamed Nainar Mohamed Ansari ◽  
Saiful Izwan Abd Razak ◽  
Mohsin Ali Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
Composite Hydrogel ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Drug Release Profile ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Composite Hydrogels ◽  
Hydrogel Composite

The composite hydrogels were produced using the solution casting method due to the non-toxic and biocompatible nature of chitosan (CS)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The best composition was chosen and crosslinked with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), after which different amounts of graphene oxide (GO) were added to develop composite hydrogels. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle was used to analyze the hydrogels. The samples were also evaluated for swelling abilities in various mediums. The drug release profile was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at a pH of 7.4. To predict the mechanism of drug release, the data were fitted into kinetic models. Finally, antibacterial activity and cell viability data were obtained. FTIR studies revealed the successful synthesis of CS/PVA hydrogels and GO/CS/PVA in hydrogel composite. SEM showed no phase separation of the polymers, whereas AFM showed a decrease in surface roughness with an increase in GO content. 100 µL of crosslinker was the critical concentration at which the sample displayed excellent swelling and preserved its structure. Both the crosslinked and composite hydrogel showed good swelling. The most acceptable mechanism of drug release is diffusion-controlled, and it obeys Fick’s law of diffusion for drug released. The best fitting of the zero-order, Hixson-Crowell and Higuchi models supported our assumption. The GO/CS/PVA hydrogel composite showed better antibacterial and cell viability behaviors. They can be better biomaterials in biomedical applications.

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