Indigenous Tacit Knowledge of Traditional Medicine against COVID-19 in Algeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 444-461
Author(s):  
Aimad Datoussaid ◽  
Abdelkader Hamadi ◽  
Abdelmadjid Ezzine
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Treatment Delays ◽  
The University ◽  
Do So

This research aims mainly to emphasize the contribution of indigenous tacit Knowledge of traditional medicine to treat COVID-19 symptoms in a traditional and Islamic context in Algeria. In order to do so, we proceed as follows. First of all, to find out whether traditional treatment delays the death of people affected by COVID-19, a survival analysis was carried out among a sample of 74 hospitalized patients at the University Hospital Center in a region located to the west of Algeria. Subsequently, interviews with 185 traditional healers from the same region were held to identify the plants on which these patients relied. Three main results emerge from our study: first, the use of traditional treatment helped prolong the survival of people with COVID-19. Second, we were able to identify 11 medicinal plants. Third, Healers over 80 who had acquired tacit knowledge knew more medicinal plants compared to other age groups.

scholarly journals An ethnobotanical survey of seventeen plants species used against diarrhoea and other diseases in southern Benin (West Africa)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victorien Dougnon ◽  
Eric Agbodjento ◽  
Edna Hounsa ◽  
Boris Brice Legba ◽  
Esther Deguenon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses ◽  
Southern Benin

Ethnobotanical relevance: Many plants are widely used in traditional medicine across Africa. In Benin, practitioners of Beninese traditional medicine make use of diverse medicinal plants in the traditional management of various diseases including diarrhoea. Aim of the study: This study aimed at highlighting the ethnomedicinal uses of 17 plants in the traditional treatment of diarrhoea and other diseases in southern Benin. Methods: An ethnomedicinal survey was carried out using the semi-structured interview method among practitioners of traditional medicine in Benin. This allowed for the identification of the traditional uses of these plants. The ethnobotanical data collected was analyzed using indices such as Use Value, Informant Consensus Factor and Fidelity Index of medicinal plants. A total of 72 informants participated in this study, including 52 market herbalists and 20 traditional healers. Results: The cited plants were involved in the treatment of 39 diseases and symptoms of diseases which have been divided into 15 categories. The most frequently mentioned disease categories were infectious-, blood and digestive diseases,offering treatement for malaria, diarrhoea and fever, amongst others. These plants have maximum potential for the treatment of infectious diseases, as well as metabolic, respiratory, skin, blood, digestive and circulatory diseases. Conclusion: This study revealed that interviewed informants (market herbalists and traditional healers) had good knowledge of the treatment of several diseases using the 17 plants . . It confirmed that the 17 selected plants are used in the traditional treatment of diarrhoea as well as other diseases. This study provided a database for Future pharmacological investigations on the basis of this ethnobotanical documentation.

scholarly journals Analisis Hukum Perjanjian Penyembuhan Kepada Pasien Dari Penyelenggara Praktik Pengobatan Tradisional

PRANATA HUKUM ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-142
Author(s):  
Rissa Afni Martinouva
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Health Law ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Medical Practices ◽  
Treatment Providers

The organization of traditional medicine practices is an alternative healing path besides medical methods. The practice of traditional medicine must be supported by a health law device intended to provide legal certainty and protection for community members as patients and traditional treatment providers. This study is intended to find out the regulations that protect the organization of traditional medical practices and the forms of healing agreements provided by providers of traditional medical practices for patients. The research method used is normative by reviewing regulations, literature studies and observations of traditional medicine. The implementation of traditional medical practices is supported by several regulations including the Minister of Health Decree No. 1076 / MENKES / SK / VII / 2003 concerning Traditional Medicine Administrators and Law No. 36 of 2009 concerning Health. The health law instrument is intended to provide legal certainty and protection for community members as patients and traditional treatment providers. The traditional treatment agreement is clear that if carried out in accordance with the procedures specified by law is a legal agreement and binds the parties to traditional healers and patients. The type of agreement used by traditional healers and patients is a healing agreement (therapeutic agreement). A therapeutic agreement is a term of agreement that deals with a doctor that also applies to traditional healing staff as health care providers. Healing agreements within the scope of traditional medicine are not currently supported by clarifying the legal requirements of the agreement specifically.

scholarly journals “Satanism is witchcraft’s younger sibling”: Changing perceptions of natural and supernatural anaemia causality in Malawian children

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250661
Author(s):  
Sarah Svege ◽  
Thandile Nkosi-Gondwe ◽  
Siri Lange
Keyword(s):  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Poor Nutrition

In countries of sub-Saharan Africa, many children are admitted to hospital with severe forms of anaemia. The late hospital admissions of anaemic children contribute significantly to child morbidity and mortality in these countries. This qualitative study explores local health beliefs and traditional treatment practices that may hinder timely seeking of hospital care for anaemic children. In January of 2019, nine focus group discussions were conducted with 90 participants in rural communities of Malawi. The participants represented four groups of caregivers; mothers, fathers, grandmothers and grandfathers of children under the age of five. The Malawian medical landscape is comprised of formal and informal therapeutic alternatives–and this myriad of modalities is likely to complicate the healthcare choices of caregivers. When dealing with child illness, many participants reported how they would follow a step-by-step, ‘multi-try’ therapeutic pathway where a combination of biomedical and traditional treatment options were sought at varying time points depending on the perceived cause and severity of symptoms. The participants linked anaemia to naturalistic (malaria, poor nutrition and the local illnesses kakozi and kapamba), societal (the local illness msempho) and supernatural or personalistic (witchcraft and Satanism) causes. Most participants agreed that anaemia due to malaria and poor nutrition should be treated at hospital. As for local illnesses, many grandparents suggested herbal treatment offered by traditional healers, while the majority of parents would opt for hospital care. However, participants across all age groups claimed that anaemia caused by witchcraft and Satanism could only be dealt with by traditional healers or prayer, respectively. The multiple theories of anaemia causality combined with extensive use of and trust in traditional and complementary medicine may explain the frequent delay in admittance of anaemic children to hospital.

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants Used for Malaria Treatment in Gamba Village, North Region of Cameroon: Ethnopharmacological Survey; In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Khaya Senegalensis Bark.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davy-Hyacinthe Anguechia Gouissi ◽  
Roselyne Teponging Nzangue ◽  
Josue Haskandi Kalaza ◽  
Willy Pabo ◽  
Siméon Pierre Fodouop Chegaing
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Khaya Senegalensis

Abstract Background: In traditional medicine, the floral diversity permits the inhabitants of North Cameroon to use a great number of plants to fight against Malaria. The aim of this study was to identify plants used in traditional medicine to treat malaria, and to verify the scientific basis for the use of one of these plants in the locality of Gamba.Methods: An Ethnopharmacological survey was carried out on 15 traditional healers. We collected data on use of medicinal plants using questionnaires. Then in-vivo antimalarial activity of the decoctioned and macerated aqueous extracts of khaya senegalensis trunk bark was evaluated. The 4-day suppressive peters test was realised on mus musculus swiss albino mice. On day one, mice were infected with 107 plasmodium berghei parasitized red blood cells through intra-peritoneal inoculation. 2 hours after infestation, mice in batches of 6 were treated orally at a dose of 75, 150.300 mg/Kg for macerated aqueous extract and 65, 120.260 mg/Kg for decoctioned extract daily during 3 days at an administration volume of 10 ml/Kg. An extract was considered (% reduction): Highly active (between 100-90 %); moderate (between 90-50 %); weak (between 50-10 %); Inactive (between 0 %). P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: A total of 18 plant species belonging to 12 families were identified for the preparation of 12 recipes. The decocted aqueous extract of khaya senegalensis showed moderate anti-plasmodial activity (% reduction = 52.46%) at the highest dose of 260 mg/kg with p<0.001 compared to the positive control group. The aqueous macerate at doses of 150 and 300mg/kg gave respectively a percentage reduction of parasitaemia of 59.42% and 71.80% and also showed moderate anti-plasmodial activity; with p<0.001 between the different extracts and the positive control (99.18%).Conclusion: In conclusion, extracts of khaya senegalensis showed moderate anti-plasmodial activity. It would therefore be necessary to evaluate the anti-malarial activity in-vivo and the toxicity of the aqueous extracts macerated using other solvents and also test the other plants listed.

scholarly journals Ethnopharmacological Survey of Herbal Remedies Used for the Treatment of Cancer in the Greater Casablanca-Morocco

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Bourhia ◽  
Abdelaaty Abdelaziz Shahat ◽  
Omer Mohammed Almarfadi ◽  
Fahd Ali Naser ◽  
Wael Mostafa Abdelmageed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Traditional Herbal Medicine ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey ◽  
Scientific Validity

Medicinal plants played an important role in traditional medicine for the treatment of diseases since antiquities. The aim of the study is to carry out an ethnobotanical survey on medicinal plants used traditionally in cancer treatment in the region of Greater Casablanca-Morocco, and to enhance the traditional herbal medicine knowledge. 110 traditional healers in the study area were interviewed face to face to response a survey questionnaire including the names of plants used in cancer treatment, used parts, methods of preparation, and route of administration. Indices of Fidelity Level (FL), Use Value (UV), and Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) were calculated to identify the most effective plants used for cancer treatment. Eight species were specified including Aristolochia baetica, Aristolochia paucinervis, Bryonia dioica, Aquilaria malaccensis, Marrubium vulgare, Lavandula maroccana, Ephedra alata, and Euphorbia resinifera belonging to 7 families. Aristolochiaceae, Aquilariaceae, and Cucurbitaceae were the most useful families in cancer treatment with high significant indices of UV, FL, and RFC with values of 1, 100%, and 1, respectively. Roots and leaves were the most commonly used plant parts. Decoction and powder mixed with honey were the frequently used method for remedies preparation. The present study showed that the people living in Morocco’s economic capital are still highly dependent on traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of cancer. Therefore, it seems that herbal medicine still plays a crucial role in the primary healthcare system for the local population. During this survey, it was reported that even some plant families are highly toxic for humans like Aristolochiaceae that are frequently used in cancer treatment in the study area. As many people still rely on natural traditional medicine considering (it is safe with no side effects), so combined effort between all social categories including scientists and traditional healers should be established for involving the scientific validity of the used plants in the treatment of diseases.

scholarly journals Toxicological Characterization of Ten Medicinal Plants of the Beninese Flora Used in the Traditional Treatment of Diarrheal Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Tamègnon Victorien Dougnon ◽  
Edna Hounsa ◽  
Eric Agbodjento ◽  
Hornel Koudokpon ◽  
Boris Legba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Diarrheal Diseases ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Probit Method

The use of medicinal plants in traditional medicine is a common practice in developing countries. However, this unregulated or poorly rational use may present a dose-dependent risk of toxicity to humans. This study aimed to explore the phytochemical and toxicological characteristics of ten (10) plant species used in the traditional treatment of infectious diarrhea in Benin. The acute toxicity of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of Khaya senegalensis, Daniellia oliveri, Rauvolfia vomitoria, Vernonia amygdalina, Manihot esculenta, Ocimum gratissimum, Senna italica, Diospyros mespiliformis, Pterocarpus erinaceus, and Anacardium occidentale was evaluated following the OECD 423 protocol at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg. This safety test was complemented by a larval cytotoxicity test. Hematological and biochemical examinations, as well as a histological study of the liver and kidneys, were performed. Larval cytotoxicity was assessed by the sensitivity of Artemia salina larvae to different concentrations of the plant extracts studied. Testing for chemical compounds was performed on the basis of differential staining and precipitation reactions. The mean lethal concentration (LC50) was determined by the probit method. The qualitative phytochemical screening of the plants studied revealed the presence of catechic tannins, gallic tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins and sterol-terpenes, alkaloids, saponosides, and reducing compounds. This composition varied according to the plants studied. Acute toxicity data indicated that there was no mortality and no structural and functional alterations of the liver and kidneys of treated animals. Larval cytotoxicity data suggest that the plants studied are not cytotoxic (LC50 ≥ 0.1 mg/mL). These observations reflect the safety of these plants and justify their use in traditional medicine in the treatment of many diseases including diarrheal diseases.

scholarly journals Floorball Injuries Presenting to a Swiss Adult Emergency Department: A Retrospective Study (2013–2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6208
Author(s):  
Stephanie Radtke ◽  
Gian-Luca Trepp ◽  
Martin Müller ◽  
Aristomenis K. Exadaktylos ◽  
Jolanta Klukowska-Rötzler
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Treatment Area ◽  
Comprehensive Management ◽  
Protective Eyewear ◽  
Approximate Cost ◽  
The University ◽  
Mean Cost

Background: The popularity of floorball has surged throughout Switzerland in the last 20 years. However, epidemiological studies are still scarce. Objective: To collect information on floorball-related injuries, their severity and approximate cost in adults who presented to our emergency department from 2013–2019. Moreover, to use this information to suggest possible strategies to prevent injuries. Materials and Methods: The study population includes all patients who suffered injuries related to floorball and were then seen at the University Hospital in Bern during a 7-year period. Bern University Hospital, Switzerland, has a comprehensive management system (Ecare) that was used to generate the data for this study. The data were then used to create an injury profile of all cases presented during the said period. Results: A total of 263 injures were recorded from 2013 to 2019. The most common locations for injuries were to the eyes (43.73%), followed by the lower extremities (25.48%). The mean cost per case was CHF 1191.43. However, the vast majority of admissions could be sent home (93.16%) and did not cost more than 500 CHF/case (57.41%). Of the 22 cases that cost more than CHF 2000, 10 were located around the torso and 6 affected one or both eyes. Significant differences were observed between the age groups and treatment area (p = 0.008), costs (p = 0.008), route of discharge (p = 0.023) and type of trauma (p = 0.020). Conclusion: Although floorball is still a relatively minor sport, its impact on sport-related injuries must not be underestimated. Injuries to the eyes are particularly common. In our opinion, our findings provide strong evidence that all floorball players (not only children and adolescents) should wear protective eyewear. We conclude that the Swiss Floorball Association (Swiss Unihockey) should mandate the use of protective eyewear.

scholarly journals Exprorasi Metode Pengobatan Tradisional Oleh Para Pengobat Tradisional Di Wilayah Karesidenan Surakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indarto Indarto ◽  
Agus Kirwanto
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Digital Cameras ◽  
Traditional Health ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of

Abstract: Traditional Medicine Method, Treatment Method, Traditional Medicinal Herb Type, Plant Type. The empirical traditional medicine (battra) using herbs and physical skills to date is still in demand by the people in the Surakarta Residency area, reflected the increasing number of traditional healers who are currently performing traditional health practices, since they have been protected by Law no. 36 of 2014, which regulates the health of personnel, in article 11, paragraph 13, classifies traditional empirical health workers consisting of traditional herbal medicine and traditional health skills. It makes public confidence is still high with traditional medicine therefore need to be disclosed about the phenomenon of methods of traditional healers in the treatment of the community. The purpose of this study is to find out how batras perform detection of patient diseases, to know the method of treatment performed battra in treating patients, know the composition of the herb used for the treatment and know what medicinal plants used to treat patients. Qualitative research type with an explorative approach design with data collection method of indepth interviews and observation of 18 informants, using triangulation method, source and theory as test of data validity. The results of the study that battra use various ways to detect the patient's illness is bengan ask a complaint, history of the disease as well as menfatkan diognosa doctors are known from patients and check using aids such as reflection equipment, tensimeter, digital cameras and laptops to check iridology. there are 2 methods used battra treat the patient that is using herb/ herbal concoction and physical skill, among others cupping of reflexology, rukyah and therapy energi.didapatkan 23 type of concoction used to treat patient, and 81 medicinal plants used for patient's herb treatment.

scholarly journals Traditional Knowledge of Medicinal Plants Used in the Northeastern Part of Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Mohammed Reda Kachmar ◽  
Hanae Naceiri Mrabti ◽  
Meryem Bellahmar ◽  
Abdelilah Ouahbi ◽  
Zoubida Haloui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Mentha Pulegium ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey ◽  
Origanum Compactum ◽  
Pharmacological Screening ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L

The knowledge of the plants that are used may provide insight on their properties for further exploration. This study aimed to identify and collect data about medicinal plants used in traditional medicine by the population of the provincial region of Taza, Morocco. An ethnobotanical survey was carried out among 200 informants, competent villagers, herbalists, and traditional healers from the provincial region of Taza city through direct interviews using a structured questionnaire. The survey reported 55 plant species belonging to 28 families used in the folk medicine. Informants’ results showed that the most frequently used plants were Origanum compactum, Mentha pulegium, Rosmarinus officinalis L., Aloysia citrodora, Calamintha officinalis Moench, and Artemisia herba-alba Asso., with a relative frequency of citation of 76%, 72%, 60%, 42%, 40%, and 30%, respectively. Moreover, in this study, the Lamiaceae family was the most commonly reported plant family, and the leaves were the most frequently used parts of the plants; otherwise, decoction and infusion were the most used modes in the preparation of remedies from medicinal plants in the traditional medicine. The sociodemographic characteristics showed that women use medicinal plants slightly more than men, the illiterate people use the medicinal plant the most, and old people have more information about the medicinal plants than the new generations. The region of Taza of Morocco has an important floristic biodiversity of medicinal plants which are used in traditional medicine practice. This result provides a good database for pharmacological screening in the search for new plants that can contain new bioactive molecules that can be used as a bioactive ingredient of medicament or as a biological alternative in pharmacology.

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants from the Ankaratra Mountain In Madagascar: Diversity and Uses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miora Henintsoa Andrianarivelo ◽  
Andriamalala Rakotondrafara ◽  
Rianasoambolanoro Rakotosaona ◽  
Vonjison Rakotoarimanana ◽  
Christian Marius Rakotonirina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Voucher Specimens

Abstract BackgroundThe Ankaratra Mountain, the third summit of Madagascar, is covered in a large part by herbaceous vegetations. It is among regions where ethnobotanical works have not been done yet. Besides, there have not been so far any surveys of medicinal plants conducted in savannah vegetation from Madagascar. The objective of the present communication was to study the diversity of medicinal species encountered in this mountain, the most used species in traditional medicine and the most important species used to treat diseases with medicinal plants.MethodsThe voucher specimens of surveyed species in the Ankaratra Mountain were shown individually to 26 local traditional healers. Semi-structured interview was employed and dealt with the main questions such as: do you know this plan? Do you know the uses of this species in traditional medicine? Do you know the method of preparation?ResultsOf the two hundred and three species (203) of medicinal plants inventoried in the Ankaratra Mountain, 139 (73.9%) are endemic and 69 (33.9%) are new to the ethnopharmacopea. The savannah vegetation hosts the highest number of species (35.5%). They are also more cited than the forestry species. Endemic species are the most used (FC=77.8%) and the most important (FL=71.6%). The most diversified and the most used genera are dominated by the best-represented ones in endemic species. The most cited diseases are those which require particular knowledge and those frequently encountered in Madagascar.ConclusionThis work provides the first information on the ethnobotany of plant species in the Ankaratra Mountain. These data can be considered as a valuable tool to support any actions directed to the conservation of the flora from the massif. The ecological study of the most cited endemic species and the most important in the treatment of diseases as well as their chemical and pharmacological investigations are among our perspectives of research.

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