THE INHERITANCE OF CONDENSED TANNIN CONCENTRATION IN LENTIL

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. VAILLANCOURT ◽  
A. E. SLINKARD ◽  
R. D. REICHERT
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Components Of Variance ◽  
Method Selection ◽  
Tannin Concentration ◽  
Selection For

In lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) condensed tannins are responsible for seed coat darkening during storage and the associated reduction in crop quality. The vanillin-HCl method was used to measure tannin concentration. Tannins were present only in the seed coat. Tannin concentration in the seed coat of 87 lines from the USDA World Lentil Collection ranged from 35 to 93 g kg−1 and averaged 63.3 g kg−1. The zero-tannin trait of PI 345635 lentil was controlled by a single recessive gene (tan tan) that had pleiotropic effects on plant pigmentation and seed coat thickness. Heritability of tannin concentration among lines containing tannin was 66.4 ± 4.4%, based on the components of variance method. Selection for lower or higher tannin concentration in lentil should be effective.Key words: Lentil, tannin, tannin genetics, proanthocyanidin, Lens culinaris

THE ROLE OF CONDENSED TANNINS IN THE DIGESTION OF FRESH Lotus pedunculatus BY SHEEP

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 181-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. BARRY
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Hormone Concentration ◽  
Plasma Growth Hormone ◽  
Tannin Concentration ◽  
Lotus Pedunculatus ◽  
Ruminal Digestion

Relative to non-tannin-containing fresh forages, condensed tannins in Lotus pedunculatus increased duodenal N flow and calculated absorption of amino acids from the small intestine, but depressed ruminal digestion of soluble carbohydrate and hemicellulose. Plasma growth hormone concentration was positively and linearly related to forage condensed tannin concentration. Key words: Condensed tannin, nitrogen digestion, growth hormone

scholarly journals INHERITANCE, CHARACTERIZATION AND SELECTION OF TANNIN-FREE FABABEANS (VICIA FABA L.)

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1135-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. CROFTS ◽  
L. E. EVANS ◽  
P. B. E. McVETTY
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
White Flower ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Advanced Line ◽  
Selection Of

Three large-seeded, tannin-free cultivars and one large-seeded, tannin-containing cultivar were crossed with three small-seeded, tannin-containing cultivars and with a small-seeded, tannin-containing advanced line. All three large-seeded cultivars carried the same single recessive gene conferring the white-flower, the absence of pigment on the nectaries of the stipules, the absence of anthocyanic pigments on the stems and the tannin-free seed coat characteristics. Changes in seed coat weight and seed coat composition were associated with the tannin-free characteristics. It is concluded that the tannin-free characteristic can be easily introduced into fababean lines.

scholarly journals Phenolic compounds of seed coats of white and coloured varieties of pea (Pisum sativum L.) and their total antioxidant activity

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
a. Troszyńska ◽  
e. Ciska
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Seed Coats

The purpose of this study was to compare the composition and contents of phenolic acids and condensed tannin in the seed coats of white and coloured varieties of pea and to examine the antioxidant properties of methanol and acetone extracts containing these phenolic compounds. The contents of phenolic acids were quantified by the HPLC analysis. The sum of free phenolic acids, those liberated from soluble esters and those liberated from soluble glycosides, was higher for coloured seed coat (78.53 g per g dry matter) than for the white seed coat (17.17 g/g dry matter). Protocatechuic, gentisic and vanillic acids were found dominant in the coloured seed coat, while ferulic and coumaric acids in the white seed coat. The content of condensed tannins was 1560 mg of catechin equivalent/100 g of coloured seed coat as determined by a vanillin assay. No condensed tannins were detected in the white seed coat. The antioxidant activity of extracts was measured by the oxidation of phosphatidylcholine to hydroxyperoxidephosphatidyl choline in the liposome system. Strong antioxidant properties were observed in a crude tannin extract from the coloured seed coat. These properties were slightly changed after the seed coat was cooked in water for 30, 60 and 90 min.  

Selection for economic characters in Lupinus angustifolius and L. digitatus

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (27) ◽  
pp. 360 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Gladstones
Keyword(s):  
Homologous Series ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Pod Shattering ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Species Being

A search among field populations of Lupinus angustifolius L. and L. digitalus Forsk. yielded two morphologically and genetically distinct lines in each species with markedly reduced pod-shattering at maturity. In all four lines, reduced shattering was found to be due to a single recessive gene, the two genes of each species being non-allelic and probably unlinked. Double homozygotes were obtained, and proved to be fully non-shattering in both species. The anatomical changes resulting in reduced- or non-shattering are of at least two types. In one type of each species there is fusion of the normally divided strips of sclerenchyma in the pod seams, similar to that in the non-shattering Strain 3535A of L. luteus. In the others there is a weakening of the sclerified inner layer (endocarp) of the pod walls, similar to that in L. albus, L. mutabilis, and many other cultivated legumes. It is suggested that at least two independent homologous series of genes control pod-shattering in the genus Lupinus.

scholarly journals Hybridization of cultivated lentil Lens culinaris Medik. and wild species Lens tomentosus Ladizinsky

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 130-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Suvorova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Ovule Culture ◽  
Interspecific Incompatibility ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Rescue Technique ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Regular Selection

Cultivated lentil L. culinaris was crossed to the wild species L. tomentosus ILWL90 and ILWL120. An ovule rescue technique was used to overcome interspecific incompatibility. Out of 296 hybrid ovules being planted in vitro 27 explants began to grow and three hybrids were recovered. A hybrid between L. culinaris and L. tomentosus accession ILWL90 was obtained by means of ovule recovery only. F<sub>1</sub> plant and next generations of the hybrid were either sterile or partly fertile. Hybridization with L. tomentosus accession ILWL120 was achieved by ovule culture as well as in a usual way i.e. without ovule culture. Seed progenies of these hybrids were fertile in both cases. Breeding lines recombinant in flower, seed coat and cotyledon coloring were developed as a result of multiple regular selection for highly productive plants in F<sub>2</sub>&ndash;F<sub>7</sub> (L. culinaris &times; L. tomentosus ILWL120).

scholarly journals The effect of condensed tannins on the site of digestion of amino acids and other nutrients in sheep fed on Lotus corniculatus L

1987 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Waghorn ◽  
M. J. Ulyatt ◽  
A. John ◽  
M. T. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Tannin Concentration

1. Sheep were used to evaluate the nutritional consequences of a low condensed-tannin concentration (22 g/kg dry matter (DM)) in lotus (Lotus corniculatus L.) (control group) compared with lotus given to sheep receiving intraruminal polyethylene glycol (PEG) infusion (PEG group). PEG selectively binds to tannins and prevents tannins from binding proteins.2. DM intakes (1430 (SE 28) g/d) and digestibility of energy (663 (SE 4.5) kJ/MJ intake) were similar for both groups but the apparent digestion of nitrogen was lower in the control sheep (0.70) than in the PEG sheep (0.78; P < 0.001).3. The proportion of N apparently digested before the abomasum (i.e. in the rumen) was lower (P < 0.05) in control sheep (0.12) than in PEG sheep (0.21; P < 0.05). Rumen ammonia concentrations were lower (P < 0.001) in control sheep than in PEG sheep. The proportion of neutral-detergent fibre (NDF) digested in the rumen was similar for both groups (0.48 (SE 0.012)) but less energy was digested in the rumen of the control (0.42) than of the PEG sheep (0.47; P < 0.05).4. The flux of essential amino acids (EAA) through the abomasum of control sheep was 50% greater than that in PEG sheep; flux of non-essential amino acids (NEAA) was 14% higher in control than in PEG sheep. Apparent digestibility of EAA in the small intestine was similar for both treatments (0.67), but NEAA were less well digested in the control (0.55) than in the PEG sheep (0.69).5. The presence of tannins in the control group increased net apparent absorption of threonine (57%), valine (89%), isoleucine (94%), leucine (30%), tyrosine (41%), phenylalanine (93%), histidine (90%) and lysine (59%), and reduced NEAA absorption by 10%, compared with PEG sheep.

scholarly journals Tannin concentration and degradation rate in vitro of Morus alba and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Aldenamar Cruz Hernández ◽  
David Hernández Sanchez ◽  
Armando Gómez-Vázquez ◽  
Alejandra Govea-Luciano ◽  
Juan M. Pinos-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Degradation ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Tannin Concentration

The study evaluated the influence of age (30, 60, 90 and 120 days) on dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), free condensed tannins (FCT), fiber-bound condensed tannins (FBCT), protein-bound condensed tannin content (PBCT), in vitro degradation rate of DM (DMkd), CP (CPkd) and NDF (NDFkd) of Morus alba (MA) and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (HRS). For MA leaves, there was a quadratic (p < 0.01) relationship between CP content and age: the CP content of 60, 90 and 120 days-old leaves was similar, but it was lower than that of 30 days-old leaves. For HRS leaves, CP content decreased linearly (p < 0.01) as age increased, and NDF content increased linearly (p < 0.01). For both MA and HRS, there were cubit (p < 0.01) effects of age on FCT, FBCT and PBCT content, in which the highest values were found in 120-d-old leaves and the lowest in 30 and 90 d-old leaves. Furthermore, old leaves had a linear decrease in DMkd, CPkd, and NDFkd. DMkd, CPkd, and NDFkd negatively correlated (p < 0.001) with FCT, FBCT, and PBCT content. For both MA and HRS, 90 days-old leaves had higher nutritional value than 120 days-old leaves.

COMPARATIVE PROPERTIES OF TANNIN-FREE AND TANNIN-CONTAINING CULTIVARS OF FABA BEANS (VICIA FABA)

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. MARQUARDT ◽  
A. T. WARD ◽  
L. E. EVANS
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Polymeric Complex ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Faba Beans ◽  
Growing Conditions

Several common cultivars of faba beans (Vicia faba L.), grown under similar environmental conditions, had similar concentrations of condensed tannin. The average percent tannins in the testae of eight cultivars was 4.3 ± 0.2 SEM. Storage and growing conditions, however, appeared to have an influence on the concentration of condensed tannin. Assays of condensed tannins from a diverse group of cultivars resulted in the identification of three cultivars of Vicia faba that were tannin-free. These cultivars, all of which produce flowers, testae and hilums that are white in color, are also deficient in those compounds responsible for the formation of a dark-colored polymeric complex when exposed to oxygen. Tannin-free and tannin-containing faba bean cultivars also differed with regard to spectrophotometric properties and elution patterns following Sephadex LH-20 chromatography. The development of suitable cultivars of faba beans that are tannin-free and do not contain the compounds that are responsible for seed coat darkening would likely enhance their nutritional and organoleptic properties.

Composition and correlation between major seed constituents in selected lentil (Lens culinaris. Medik) genotypes

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 825-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Tahir ◽  
Nienke Lindeboom ◽  
Monica Båga ◽  
Albert Vandenberg ◽  
Ravindra Chibbar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides ◽  
Important Quality ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Nutritional Constituents

Tahir, M., Lindeboom, N., Båga, M., Vandenberg, A. and Chibbar, R. N. 2011. Composition and correlation between major seed constituents in selected lentil ( Lens culinaris Medik.) genotypes. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 825–835. Development of lentil cultivars with increased seed amylose, protein and reduced concentration of anti-nutritional constituents are desired from the perspectives of lentil utilization and human health. In selected lentil genotypes, we studied seed weight, seed coat weight and color, seed composition and the association between major quality traits. Significant (P ≤ 0.05) variation existed for all traits except seed coat weight. The starch and protein concentrations ranged from 39.4 to 45.3 g and from 23.8 to 29.3 g 100 g−1 flour DM whereas the amylose concentration ranged from 29.8 to 34.0 g 100 g−1 starch. Glucose, sucrose and raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFO) concentrations of lentil genotypes ranged from 0.04 to 0.08 g, from 0.7 to 2.4 g, and from 4.6 to 6.6 mmoles 100 g−1 flour DM, respectively. Raffinose, stachyose and verbascose concentrations varied from 1.6 to 2.4 g, from 1.7 to 2.9 g, and from 1.2 to 1.9 g 100 g−1 flour DM, respectively. A significant (P ≤ 0.05) positive correlation existed between 1000-seed weight and starch, 1000-seed weight and RFO and sucrose concentration. Similarly, a significant (P ≤ 0 .05) negative correlation was found between starch and protein concentration, 1000-seed weight and protein concentration, and 1000-seed weight and amylose concentration. The lack of a significant correlation between RFO and other quality traits indicates that selection for low RFO concentration may not affect other important quality traits in lentil seeds.

scholarly journals Foliar condensed tannin levels in lotus species growing on limed and unlimed soils in South-Eastern Australia

1990 ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
W.M. Kelman ◽  
G.J. Tanner
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Tannin Concentration ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Agronomic Features

Condensed tannin concentrations (% of dryweight) were measured in leaves of 22 accessions of Lotus corniculatus, 10 accessions of L. pedunculatus, 2 accessions of L. tenuis, and 1 accession of L. subbiflorus from plants growing on limed (pH = 5.2) and unlimed (pH = 4.3) soils near Canberra, A.C.T. There was a non-significant decrease in the mean condensed tannin concentration due to liming. The differences between species and between accessions within species were significant. For the L. corniculatus entries the range of tannin concentrations over the limed and unlimed sites was 0.15-7.28%, with a mean of 2.09%. The highest concentration was found in the otherwise promising accession CPI 66414. L. pedunculatus accessions ranged from 2.53-10.72% in tannin content, with a mean of 5.99%. Two Portuguese accessions that have promising agronomic features for coastal east Australian pastures had unacceptably high tannin levels above 7.50%. Genotypic differences accounted for a large proportion of the total variability for tannin production, so there are good prospects for the improvement of these species by selection and breeding. Keywords: Lotus corniculatus, L. pedunculatus, L. tenuis, L. subbiflorus, condensed tannins

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