EFFECT OF STAGE OF LACTATION AND OF DAILY INJECTIONS OF GRF AND TRF ON SERUM CORTISOL IN LACTATING SOWS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. ROBERT ◽  
A.-M. B. DE PASSILLÉ ◽  
N. ST-PIERRE ◽  
G. PELLETIER ◽  
P. DUBREUIL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Late Afternoon ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Basal Serum ◽  
Lactating Sows ◽  
Key Words Cortisol

Two experiments were conducted with 51 primiparous sows to determine the effects of stage of lactation and treatment with growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) and thyrotropin-releasing factor (TRF) on serum cortisol concentrations and pulse profiles. Animals were injected with either saline, GRF (20 μg kg−1 in both experiments), TRF (1 μg kg−1 and 9 μg kg−1 in exps. 1 and 2, respectively) or GRF-TRF (administered in combination at the levels mentioned above). Peptides were given subcutaneously twice daily between days 5 and 25 postpartum. In exp. 1, mean cortisol levels were higher on day 5 than on subsequent sampling days due to higher peak amplitudes. This result is discussed with respect to stress. Mean serum cortisol concentrations did not vary significantly between days 5, 15 and 25 of lactation in exp. 2. No evidence of a morning peak and late afternoon low was observed in cortisol secretion of sows during lactation. Finally, none of the hypothalamic factor treatments altered the basal serum concentrations or the peak amplitudes of cortisol. However, in exp. 2, the frequency of cortisol peaks was lower for the GRF- and TRF-treated sows than for the control and GRF-TRF sows. Key words: Cortisol, GRF, TRF, lactation, sows

Multiple crossfostering: effects on prolactin, growth hormone and cortisol in lactating sows

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Farmer ◽  
S. Robert
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Lactating Sows

Crossfosterings of three piglets were done on days 1, 4, 7, 10, and 13 of lactation in seven litters. On day 3 of lactation, serum cortisol increased in sows during piglet isolation when compared to before (P = 0.02) or after (P = 0.08) adoption, while GH and prolactin were not affected by isolation (P > 0.1). Mean or maximal values of all hormones were not different after than before adoption (P > 0.1). Key words: Sows, lactation, crossfostering, prolactin, cortisol, growth hormone, nursing

EFFECT OF THE STRESS OF INJECTIONS ON THE SERUM CONCENTRATION OF CORTISOL, PROLACTIN, AND GROWTH HORMONE IN GILTS AND LACTATING SOWS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. ROBERT ◽  
A.-M. B. DE PASSILLÉ ◽  
N. ST-PIERRE ◽  
G. PELLETIER ◽  
D. PETITCLERC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Lactating Sows ◽  
Stimulation Of

Three experiments were conducted to determine the effect of subcutaneous injections of saline on serum concentrations of cortisol, prolactin and growth hormone in cycling gilts and lactating sows. In exp. 1, five crossbred cycling gilts were given one subcutaneous injection and blood was sampled during the preceding and following four hours. In exp. 2, blood samples were taken from six purebred lactating sows on a control day and on a day when they were injected with saline in a latin square design. Serum concentrations of cortisol, prolactin and growth hormone were monitored in exps. 1 and 2. In exp. 3, 11 purebred primiparous sows received subcutaneous injections twice daily from 5 to 25 d postpartum. Blood samples were collected for cortisol assay on days 5, 15 and 25. Serum cortisol concentrations increased significantly after saline injection in the three experiments, confirming that injections cause a stimulation of the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-adrenal axis in cycling gilts and lactating sows. When additional stressors such as handling and physical restraint were imposed prior to the injection, a release of prolactin and growth hormone was also observed in cycling gilts. The serum cortisol profiles of lactating sows repeatedly injected showed that their cortisol response to subcutaneous injections attenuated over days. Furthermore, these data indicate that the animals became readily acclimated to blood collection from a catheter within the first day of sampling. Key words: Cortisol, prolactin, growth hormone, stress, gilts, lactating sows

THE INFLUENCE OF GROWTH HORMONE TREATMENT ON THYROID FUNCTION IN SWINE

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 991-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. KIRKWOOD ◽  
P. A. THACKER ◽  
B. LAARVELD
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Growth Hormone Treatment ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
To Receive

Twelve castrated male pigs of Yorkshire and Landrace breeding were selected at 95.9 ± 1.6 kg body weight (BW) and allocated equally to receive daily injections of either porcine growth hormone (pGH) at 90 μg kg−1 BW or vehicle buffer for four consecutive days. Following the last pGH injection, the pigs were infused via indwelling vena caval cannulae with thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) at 0.5 μg kg−1 BW. Blood samples were obtained at 10 and 0 min before TRH and thereafter at 10-min intervals for 90 min. Serum concentrations of thyroxine and thyrotropin were lower (P < 0.06 and P < 0.1, respectively) but those of triiodothyronine higher (P < 0.01) in pGH-treated pigs throughout the sampling period. There were no significant treatment-by-time interactions indicating that the thyroid response to TRH was not influenced by pGH treatment. Key words: Swine, thyroid, growth hormone, somatotropin

Dose-response of injected recombinant porcine prolactin on concentrations of prolactin in lactating sows

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Horth ◽  
J.-P. Laforest ◽  
C. Farmer
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Lactating Sows ◽  
Sow Lactation ◽  
Sustained Increase

HBlood profiles of prolactin (PRL) were obtained in sows after receiving a s.c. injection of 0 mg (n = 7), 5 mg (n = 10), or 15 mg (n = 9) of recombinant porcine prolactin (pPRL) on days 6 and 20 of lactation. The 15-mg dose of pPRL increased PRL concentrations (P ≤ 0.01) from 15 min to 11 h post-injection at both 6 and 20 d of lactation, whereas a sustained increase in PRL (P ≤ 0.05) following the 5-mg dose was seen on day 20 only, and lasted from 1 to 7 h post-injection. The results demonstrate that stage of lactation, as well as dose and time since PRL injection affect the PRL response of lactating sows to exogenous pPRL. Key words: Sow, lactation, prolactin, injection

THE INFLUENCE OF EXOGENOUS GROWTH HORMONE ON ENDOCRINE STATUS AND THE OVULATORY RESPONSE TO PMSG IN PREPUBERTAL GILTS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. KIRKWOOD ◽  
P. A. THACKER ◽  
R. S. KORCHINSKI ◽  
B. LAARVELD
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Exogenous Growth ◽  
Endocrine Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Surge Height

Twenty-three prepubertal Yorkshire × Landrace gilts were allocated to receive daily injections of either porcine growth hormone (pGH) or vehicle for 6 consecutive days. At the time of first pGH or buffer injection, all gilts received an injection of 500 IU PMSG. Blood samples were taken by jugular vein puncture at 0, 24 and 48 h then every 12 h until 96 h then every 8 h until 144 h. Samples were assayed for triiodothyronine (T3), insulin, glucose and LH. Treatment with pGH elevated (P < 0.01) serum concentrations of T3, insulin and glucose, and was associated with a reduced (P < 0.05) LH surge height. Fewer pGH-treated than vehicle-treated gilts ovulated (4/12 vs. 7/11), but the difference was not significant. Key words: Gilts, growth hormone, gonadotrophins, ovulation

VIP decelerates non-REM-REM cycles and modulates hormone secretion during sleep in men

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (4) ◽  
pp. R905-R911 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Murck ◽  
J. Guldner ◽  
M. Colla-Muller ◽  
R. M. Frieboes ◽  
T. Schier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Sleep Cycles

Centrally administered vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) promotes rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in rats, rabbits, and cats. We studied the effect of 4 x 10 micrograms VIP (expt 1, n = 7) and 4 x 50 micrograms VIP (expt 2, n = 10) administered hourly as intravenous boluses between 2200 and 0100 on sleep electroencephalogram and secretion of plasma adreno corticotropic hormone, cortisol, growth hormone, and prolactin in humans. In experiment 2, the sleep cycles were decelerated during the first three cycles because of increased duration of both REM and non-REM sleep periods, and there was a tendency to increased REM-to-non-REM ratios. With a low VIP dose, prolactin levels were decreased during the whole night, whereas, with a high dose, they were increased during the first half of the night. In experiment 2, the cortisol nadir was advanced, after midnight the serum cortisol levels were enhanced, and the growth hormone peak was blunted. It appears that VIP may have a phase-advancing effect on sleep cycles and cortisol secretion, possibly through actions that involve the suprachiasmatic nucleus.

The effects of acclimation to confinement on gonadotrophin and cortisol secretion during the estrous cycle of the ewe

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. C. Rawlings ◽  
S. J. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Pulse Frequency ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Lh Secretion

The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of acclimation to confined housing on tonic gonadotrophin, cortisol and progesterone secretion in ewes at different stages of the estrous cycle. On days 4, 12 and 16 of the estrous cycle separate groups of eight ewes were blood sampled every 5 min for 6 h. Of the eight ewes bled at each stage of the cycle four were moved from outside drylots to small pens in a building 2 d prior to blood sampling and four were moved 4 d prior to sampling. All blood samples were analyzed for concentrations of LH and FSH and one sample for each hour of intensive bleeding, for each ewe, was analyzed for cortisol and progesterone. All hormone concentrations were obtained by radioimmunoassay. On day 4 of the estrous cycle LH pulse frequency and mean serum concentrations of LH were higher, but mean FSH concentrations were lower, in ewes confined for 4 d, compared to those confined for 2 d (P < 0.05). On day 12 of the cycle, mean serum LH concentrations only were higher in ewes confined for 4 d (P < 0.05). At day 16 no differences were seen between ewes confined for 2 or 4 d. Serum concentrations of progesterone, cortisol and LH pulse amplitude did not vary significantly between ewes confined for 2 or 4 d. However, in ewes confined for 4 d, serum concentrations of cortisol fell from day 4 to day 16 of the estrous cycle (P < 0.05). We conclude that acclimation to confined housing in the intact cyclic ewe is reflected in changes in tonic LH secretion at stages of the estrous cycle when serum concentrations of cortisol are high. Key words: LH, FSH, cortisol, confinement, cyclic ewe

scholarly journals Hormonal response to dietary L-arginine supplementation in heat-stressed sows

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pérez Laspiur ◽  
C. Farmer ◽  
B. J. Kerr ◽  
A. Zanella ◽  
N. L. Trottier
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Hormonal Response ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Metabolic Hormones ◽  
Lactating Sows ◽  
Arginine Supplementation

The response of key metabolic hormones to dietary arginine supplementation in heat-stressed lactating sows was determined. Sixty-three sows were exposed to a thermoneutral (TN = 20°C) or hot (HT = 29.4°C) environmental temperature, and were fed diets containing 0.96% (control, C), 1.34% (medium, ME) or 1.73% (high, HI) arginine. Blood samples were obtained 2 h postprandially on days 7, 14, and 21 of lactation and concentrations of insulin, glucose, growth hormone (GH) and prolactin were determined. Arginine supplementation increased insulin concentrations (P < 0.01) on day 14 of lactation, had no effect (P > 0.1) on glucose, and decreased (P < 0.05) GH with ME compared with C diets. There was a temperature × diet interaction (P < 0.05) for prolactin, with values being greater for the C compared with the ME and HI diets at 29.4°C, but being lower at 20°C.There was no effect (P > 0.1) of temperature alone on any of the measured variables. Results indicate that arginine supplementation may mediate improvements in nutrient utilization by regulating the metabolism of both insulin and GH in lactating sows. Key words: Arginine, growth hormone, heat stress, insulin, lactation, prolactin, sow

Cortisol secretion in patients with normoprolactinemic amenorrhea

1988 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Boesgaard ◽  
Claus Hagen ◽  
Anders Nyboe Andersen ◽  
Henning Djursing ◽  
Mogens Fenger
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Dopaminergic Activity ◽  
Basal Serum ◽  
Normal Women

Abstract. Patients with functional amenorrhea have raised central dopaminergic activity and opioid-mediated GnRH inhibition leading to inhibition of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian function. In the present study, basal serum cortisol and ACTH levels were measured in normoprolactinemic amenorrheic patients with (N = 14) and without (N = 7) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Basal serum cortisol levels was significantly (P < 0.01) elevated in patients with normoprolactinemic amenorrhea compared with normal women. Basal serum cortisol was significantly (P < 0.02) elevated in amenorheic diabetic patients compared with menstruating diabetic women. In the amenorrheic groups both cortisol and ACTH levels increased significantly (P <0.01) after dopamine D-2 receptor blockade, whereas no hormonal changes occurred in the control groups. It is concluded that patients with normoprolactinemic amenorrhea have elevated basal serum cortisol, the reason probably being hypersecretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone. Secondly that dopaminergic blockade with metoclopramide stimulates ACTH and cortisol secretion in patients presumed to have raised dopaminergic activity.

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