PERFORMANCE OF LAMBS FED MILK REPLACERS HAVING TWO LEVELS OF FAT

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 837-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. HEANEY ◽  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
H. F. PETERS
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Reduced Fat ◽  
Fat Level ◽  
Milk Replacers

Two experiments were conducted to study the growth performance of lambs artificially reared and fed lamb milk replacers (MR) containing 30% fat (HF) or 24% fat (LF) in the dry powder. Both MR contained 24% crude protein, were identically supplemented with vitamins and minerals and were reconstituted at one part powder to five parts water. There were no differences in weaning weights (WW) or average daily gains (ADG) among the HF vs. LF lambs in the first experiment. In the second experiment both WW and ADG were significantly (P < 0.05) higher for LF lambs compared to HF lambs. There were no differences in ADG among lambs weaned from MR at an average age of 28 days and those weaned at 21 days of age for either of the two MR. The effects of MR fat level were identical at both weaning ages. Survival rates and feed consumption were similar for lambs fed the two MR. It was concluded that the fat level of MR could be reduced to 24% without adversely affecting lamb performance and that such a reduction would have substantial economic benefits because of the lower cost of the MR with the reduced fat level. Key words: Lambs, milk replacers, artificial rearing, fat levels

EFFECTS OF WARM VERSUS COLD MILK REPLACERS AND OF FREE-CHOICE HAY POSTWEANING ON PERFORMANCE OF ARTIFICIALLY REARED LAMBS

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 871-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. HEANEY ◽  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Reconstituted Milk ◽  
Milk Replacers ◽  
Corn Grain

In two artificial rearing experiments lambs were fed, ad libitum, either cold (4.4–7 °C) or warm (27–31 °C) milk replacer with 0.10% formalin (37%, wt/wt, formaldehyde) added to the reconstituted milk replacer. From weaning at 21 days of age to 91 days of age all lambs were fed the same high-concentrate diet (corn grain, soybean meal, 8% ground hay plus minerals and vitamins; approx. 17% crude protein, as-fed). In the second experiment half the lambs from each milk replacer treatment were fed alfalfa hay free-choice postweaning in addition to the high-concentrate diet. Equal survival rates and absence of abomasal bloat on both milk replacer treatments showed that the addition of 0.10% formalin allows warm milk replacer to be safely fed ad libitum to lambs. Both intakes and gains were higher for lambs fed warm milk replacer than for cold. In the first experiment apparent compensatory postweaning growth nullified the weight advantage at weaning for lambs fed warm milk replacer, whereas in the second experiment the weight advantage at weaning was not overcome by the apparent compensatory growth. Feeding hay free-choice postweaning (amounted to 12.5% of the overall diet), in addition to the high-concentrate diet, improved lamb gains and slightly increased feed dry matter required per kilogram of gain, as would be expected as a result of the lower energy content of the overall diet. The results indicate that the addition of 0.10% formalin allows warm milk replacer to be safely fed ad libitum to lambs; that performance, including postweaning carryover effects will be equal to, or greater than that achieved with cold milk replacer; and that free-choice hay in addition to a high-concentrate diet postweaning has a beneficial effect on lamb performance. Key words: Lambs, artificial rearing, warm vs. cold milk replacer

PERFORMANCE OF YOUNG LAMBS FED A CLOTTING OR A NON-CLOTTING MILK REPLACER

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 993-996
Author(s):  
JOCELYNE DELISLE ◽  
HÉLÈNE V. PETIT ◽  
FRANCINE GIGUÈRE
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Milk Replacers

Sixteen male lambs weighing 2.8 – 5.8 kg and 3–5 d old were fed for 5 wk a clotting milk replacer with or without an oxalate-NaOH buffer known to prevent curd formation in the abomasum. Milk replacers were fed ad libitum at room temperature using formalin (0.1% vol vol−1) as preservative. Dry matter intake and average daily gains were the same (P > 0.05) for both the clotting and the nonclotting milk replacers. Digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen, and lipids was also similar (P > 0.05) for both treatments. Key words: Lambs, artificial rearing, milk replacer, clotting, coagulation, digestibility

PORCINE IMMUNOGLOBULIN-FORTIFIED MILK REPLACERS FOR NEWBORN LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT PIGS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 993-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. WHITING ◽  
B. D. OWEN ◽  
R. M. BEAMES ◽  
J. I. ELLIOT
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Fortified Milk ◽  
Milk Replacers

Three experiments were carried out to test, under commercial conditions, the artificial rearing of low-birth-weight (< 0.9 kg) pigs from birth, and incorporation of immunoglobulins in the diet to enhance their survival rate. The results confirmed that the provision of dietary immunoglobulin on the first day after birth has a beneficial effect similar to that of colostrum, but that the feeding of immunoglobulins should continue to at least 21 days of age to maximize survival. Key words: Piglet, artificial rearing, immunoglobulin, colibacillosis

RAPESEED OIL VERSUS COCONUT OIL AS A SOURCE OF FAT FOR LAMB MILK REPLACERS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1241-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. HEANEY ◽  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
H. F. PETERS
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Lamb Survival ◽  
Milk Replacers

Artificially reared lambs were weaned from milk replacer (MR) at 21 days of age. Weaning weights and average daily gains were significantly (P < 0.01) depressed (7.6 and 18%, respectively) for lambs fed MR containing 12% rapeseed oil and 12% tallow compared with those fed a standard MR containing 12% coconut oil and 12% tallow. Lamb survival and MR dry matter consumption were similar for lambs fed the two diets. The results indicate that, under practical conditions, the use of rapeseed oil to provide half of the fat in lamb milk replacers causes a reduction in the performance of lambs artificially reared from birth. Key words: Artificial rearing, lambs, rapeseed oil

ULTRAFILTRATED WHEY PERMEATE PRODUCTS FOR GROWING-FINISHING STEERS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1309-1314
Author(s):  
D. J. SCHINGOETHE ◽  
D. P. CASPER ◽  
W. J. COSTELLO ◽  
D. G. ROLLINS
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Whey Permeate ◽  
Finishing Steers ◽  
Additional Processing

A 119-d field study with 50 Holstein steers weighing 408 ± 16 kg at the start evaluated feeding ultrafiltrated permeate of whey or three products made from additional processing of the permeate. Liquid permeates provided more than 17% of total dry matter intake while concentrated, ammoniated permeates provided more than 26% of crude protein intake. All whey permeate products tested were utilized well as indicated by weight gains, feed consumption, and carcass quality. Key words: Whey, whey products, cattle

SURVIVAL OF COLOSTRUM-DEPRIVED NEONATAL PIGLETS FED GAMMA-GLOBULINS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. McCALLUM ◽  
B. D. OWEN ◽  
J. I. ELLIOT
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Dosage Level ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Good Survival ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Milk Replacers

A series of cooperative trials were carried out at the University of Saskatchewan and the Animal Research Institute, Ottawa to determine the oral dosage level of gamma-globulin required for survival of colostrum-deprived piglets reared artificially under practical conditions. Gamma-globulins were derived from either porcine or bovine abattoir blood either by precipitation or by direct lyophilization of serum. The gamma-globulin was fed to the piglets as an integral part of milk replacers. As the level of porcine gamma-globulin fed increased from 0 to 15 g/kg body weight on day 1 and from 0 to 5 g/kg body weight on days 2 through 10, there was a progressive improvement in survival. Conflicting results were obtained with serum-derived bovine gamma-globulin. However, bovine colostrum supported good survival rates. Antibacterial supplementation of milk replacer did not enhance survival and performance. Allowing piglets to nurse the dam for 24 h prior to artificial rearing did not result in improved survival rates. The study indicated that it is possible to raise colostrum-deprived neonatal piglets in an ordinary swine barn environment and achieve survival rates comparable to those presently achieved under natural conditions through the supplementation of milk replacers with gamma-globulin derived from abattoir blood.

scholarly journals Artificial rearing of pigs

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Braude ◽  
H. D. Keal ◽  
M. J. Newport
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements ◽  
Fat Level ◽  
Methionine Supplementation

1. Protein and energy requirements of pigs weaned at 2 d of age were studied. In Expt 1, three diets with crude protein (CP; nitrogen × 6.38) and fat contents (g/kg dry matter (DM)) of 268, 260 (diet A); 216, 415 (diet B) and 264, 405 (diet C) were compared, with and without a supplement of 2 g DL-methionine/kg. Diets A and B contained skim milk and soya-bean oil only, in different proportions. Casein was added to diet C to equalize the CP content to that of diet A. In Expt 2, diets containing 290 or 315 g CP/kg DM were used with either 310 or 405 g fat/kg. The diets contained different proportions of skim milk, soya-bean oil and casein. The same diets as used in Expt 2 were used in Expt 3 but fed to a scale based on live weight which was 25% less than that used in Expts 1 and 2.2. Methionine supplementation had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on the growth rate or feed: gain ratio of pigs from 2 to 28 d of age. The growth rate of the pigs from 2 to 28 d of age was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced when they were given the higher level of either CP or fat, with the exception that the effect of level of fat was not significant (P > 0.05) in Expt 3. The reduction in growth rate was associated with a decrease in feed intake. Feed: gain ratios were unaffected (P > 0.05) by the level of either CP or fat in the diet.3. The higher protein level did increase the proportion of CP in the carcass DM (Expt 2 P < 0.01, Expt 3 P > 0.05) and gave an indication, which was not significant (P > 0.05), of improved N retention (g/d per kg live weight). The higher dietary fat level increased the proportion of lipid in the carcass DM, and this effect was significant (P < 0.05) in both Expts 2 and 3.4. Diets containing additional casein were not fully consumed at the level of feeding used in Expt 2. This effect may be associated with the larger amounts of digesta in the stomachs of these pigs. Some differences in the composition of the digesta in the stomach were observed, but these did not affect the performance of the pigs.5. It seems unlikely that either growth rate or feed:gain ratio (g DM consumed/g live-weight gain) can be improved by protein or energy levels exceeding those in a diet containing (g/kg DM) 730 skim milk (265–290 CP) and 310 fat. In this diet, containing (g/kg DM) 6.4 methionine and 3.5 cystine, sulphur amino acid requirements were satisfied.

Pengaruh Penambahan Bungkil Kedelai terhadap Konsumsi Pakan, Pertambahan Bobot Badan Harian, dan Konversi Pakan pada Sapi Peranakan Simmental

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rico Rico ◽  
Novi Eka Wati ◽  
Adisti Rastosari
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
T Test ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Protein Consumption ◽  
Simmental Cattle

The objective of the researh was to study the effect of additions soybean meal in ration on the feed consumption, daily weight gain and feed convertion in Simmental cattle. The experiment used eight male Simmental cattle around 2 years old with an average weight of 198,65 ± 14,57 kilograms. The cattle kept for 35 days and given rations P0 (rations ranchers) and P1 (rations plus soybean meal). Data was obtained, then analyzed using independent sample t-test assisted with SPSS version 17.00 software. The result showed that the addition of soybean meal did not affect on dry matter consumption, daily weight gain, and feed convertion but, the crude protein consumption was increased. Keywords: dry matter consumption, daily weight gain, feed convertion

Effect of Supplementation of Multi Enzymes on Production Performance and Egg Quality Traits in White Leghorn Layers

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Pandian ◽  
A. Sundaresan ◽  
A. V. Omprakash
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation

The present study was conducted to assess the effect of supplementation of Multi-enzymes with lysophospholipids on production performance of pure line White Leghorn layers. Body weights before and after the experiment did not differ significantly across the experimental diets. Irrespective of the dietary treatments, the birds gained 3.83 per cent of live weight relative to its initial body weight. Mean per cent Hen housed egg production was significantly (Pis less than 0.05) higher in diet supplemented with 0.10 MEC-L than other groups. Mean egg weight and average daily feed consumption during 25 to 35 weeks of age indicated no significant effect of enzyme supplementation. Average daily feed consumption per bird in control, 0.05 % and 0.1% multi-enzyme supplemented groups was 108.13, 105.66 and 107.67 g respectively and birds offered control diet recorded numerically more feed intake than enzyme supplemented groups. Comparatively low feed per egg was observed in 0.10 per cent group followed by 0.05 per cent group which offers economic benefits than control diets. However, the egg quality traits between different dietary enzyme supplementation groups showed no significant difference.

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