PORCINE IMMUNOGLOBULIN-FORTIFIED MILK REPLACERS FOR NEWBORN LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT PIGS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 993-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. WHITING ◽  
B. D. OWEN ◽  
R. M. BEAMES ◽  
J. I. ELLIOT
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Fortified Milk ◽  
Milk Replacers

Three experiments were carried out to test, under commercial conditions, the artificial rearing of low-birth-weight (< 0.9 kg) pigs from birth, and incorporation of immunoglobulins in the diet to enhance their survival rate. The results confirmed that the provision of dietary immunoglobulin on the first day after birth has a beneficial effect similar to that of colostrum, but that the feeding of immunoglobulins should continue to at least 21 days of age to maximize survival. Key words: Piglet, artificial rearing, immunoglobulin, colibacillosis

scholarly journals Survival rate dependent variations in retinopathy of prematurity treatment rates in very low birth weight infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Hyun Park ◽  
Jong Hee Hwang ◽  
Yun Sil Chang ◽  
Myung Hee Lee ◽  
Won Soon Park
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Target Range ◽  
Treatment Rate ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Group I

Abstract As increased oxidative stress causes increased mortality and morbidities like bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs), the conundrum of improved survival but increased ROP observed with the high oxygen saturation target range of 91–95% is difficult to explain. To determine the survival rate-dependent variation in ROP treatment rate, 6292 surviving eligible VLBWIs registered in the Korean Neonatal Network were arbitrarily grouped according to the survival rate of infants at 23–24 weeks’ gestation as group I (> 70%, n = 1626), group II (40–70%, n = 2984) and group III (< 40%, n = 1682). Despite significantly higher survival and lower BPD rates in group I than in groups II and III, the ROP treatment rate was higher in group I than in groups II and III. However, the adjusted odds ratios for ROP treatment were not significantly different between the study groups, and the ROP treatment rate in the infants at 23–24 weeks’ gestation was 21-fold higher than the infants at ≥ 27 weeks’ gestation. The controversial association between improved survival and reduced BPD reflecting quality improvement of neonatal intensive care but increased ROP treatment rate might be primarily attributed to the improved survival of the most immature infants.

scholarly journals Behaviour and growth performance of low-birth-weight piglets cross-fostered in multiparous sows with piglets of higher birth weights

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 510-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.P. Souza ◽  
H.C.C. Fries ◽  
G. Heim ◽  
J.E. Faccin ◽  
L.F. Hernig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
The Other ◽  
Higher Weights ◽  
Similar Body

The aim of the study was to evaluate the behaviour, pre-weaning survival rate and growth performance of low birth weight (BW) piglets cross-fostered with piglets of higher weights. Piglets were transferred to 60 foster sows, and divided in three groups (G; n=20): G1- 12 low BW piglets (0.80 - 1.25kg); G2- six low BW piglets and six intermediate BW piglets (1.40 - 1.60kg), and G3- six low BW piglets and six high BW piglets (>1.70kg). For the analysis, groups G2 and G3 were subdivided in LG2 (six G2 light piglets); IG2 (six G2 intermediate piglets), LG3 (six G3 light piglets), and HG3 (six G3 heavy piglets). Behavioural observations were carried out on days 1, 2, 4 and 6 (visual direct observation) and on days 3 and 5 (video recording) after birth. The percentage of missed nursings was higher in LG3 piglets than in LG1, IG2 and HG3 piglets, on days 1 and 2. On day 4, light piglets (LG1, LG2 and LG3) missed more nursings than IG2 and HG3 piglets. On day 3, video recording showed a higher percentage of missed nursings in LG1, LG2, and LG3 piglets as compared to HG3 piglets. On day 1, the number of fights during nursing was higher in IG2 than in LG1 and LG3 piglets. Also on day 1, number of fights and percentage of piglets engaged in fights, during 15min after nursing, were higher in LG1, LG3 and HG3 than in LG2 piglets. More playful behaviours were observed on day 2 in IG2 and HG3 piglets compared to LG1, LG2 and LG3 piglets. Light piglets (LG1, LG2, and LG3) presented similar body weight on days 4, 8, 12 and 16 after birth, regardless of being mixed with piglets of higher weights or not; however, the survival rate until day 16 was most compromised in LG3 piglets compared to the other groups. Despite the lack of influence of littermates' weight on the growth of low BW piglets, their survival rate indicates that they should not be mixed with high BW piglets.

Increased Survival Rate in Very Low Birth Weight Infants (1500 Grams or Less)

1991 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-216
Author(s):  
JENS B. GROGAARD ◽  
DANIEL P. LINDSTROM ◽  
ROBERT A. PARKER ◽  
BARBARA CULLEY ◽  
MILDRED T. STAHLMAN
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Very Low-Birth-Weight Infants in Korea

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1405-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae-Hyun Jang ◽  
In Young Sung ◽  
Jae Yong Jeon ◽  
Hye Jin Moon ◽  
Ki-Soo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Recent Group ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Impairment ◽  
Over Time

The authors reviewed the medical records of very low-birth-weight infants admitted from 1998 to 2007 and compared neurodevelopmental outcomes with their previously reported data from 1989 to 1997. The recent group included 824 infants, and the previous group included 471 infants. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were classified into cerebral palsy and non–cerebral palsy neurodevelopmental impairment. In the recent group, the survival rate was significantly higher (79.4% vs 66.2%), the rate of cerebral palsy was lower (7.9% vs 10.5%), and the rate of non–cerebral palsy neurodevelopmental impairment was higher (6.0% vs 4.5%) but not significant. The survival rate increased significantly over time, but there was no significant change in neurodevelopmental outcomes over time. Multivariate analysis indicated that abnormal neurosonographic findings, using assisted ventilation, vaginal delivery, and abnormal brainstem auditory evoked potential, were associated with increased risk for cerebral palsy.

Increased survival rate in very low birth weight infants (1500 grams or less): No association with increased incidence of handicaps

1990 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens B. Grögaard ◽  
Daniel P. Lindstrom ◽  
Robert A. Parker ◽  
Barbara Culley ◽  
Mildred T. Stahlman
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants

scholarly journals Colostrum intake by newborn piglets

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Fraser ◽  
Jeffrey Rushen
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Serum Immunoglobulin ◽  
Milk Ejection ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Significant Tendency

Colostrum intake by newborn piglets was studied by weighing piglets every 10 min for their first 1–4 h with the sow, and their cumulative weight increases were used as estimates of colostrum intake. In seven litters, four piglets were monitored for 4 h beginning about 2 h after the birth of the first piglet in order to determine if colostrum is available continuously or released in discrete ejections. There was little synchrony between litter-mates in their intake in the first hour, but by the second hour of monitoring (starting about 3 h after farrowing began), much of the colostrum was released in discrete ejections and piglets achieved most of their intake during the few 10-min intervals when an ejection occurred. To examine the effect of birth sequence, four piglets were added to the udder each hour for 3 consecutive hours. Piglets added in the last hour showed a small but significant tendency (P < 0.05) to obtain less colostrum than those added in the middle of the sequence. In nine litters, three piglets were confined to posterior and three to anterior teats for 1.5 h to examine the effect of teat position. Those on posterior teats had slightly but significantly (P = 0.02) lower estimated intake than piglets on anterior teats. Although low-birth-weight piglets, late-born piglets, and piglets sucking only posterior teats tended to obtain less colostrum, the differences were small, and most piglets obtained an amount of colostrum consistent with normal serum immunoglobulin concentration. Key words: Piglet, colostrum, suckling behavior, milk ejection, parturition

PERFORMANCE OF LAMBS FED MILK REPLACERS HAVING TWO LEVELS OF FAT

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 837-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. HEANEY ◽  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
H. F. PETERS
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Reduced Fat ◽  
Fat Level ◽  
Milk Replacers

Two experiments were conducted to study the growth performance of lambs artificially reared and fed lamb milk replacers (MR) containing 30% fat (HF) or 24% fat (LF) in the dry powder. Both MR contained 24% crude protein, were identically supplemented with vitamins and minerals and were reconstituted at one part powder to five parts water. There were no differences in weaning weights (WW) or average daily gains (ADG) among the HF vs. LF lambs in the first experiment. In the second experiment both WW and ADG were significantly (P < 0.05) higher for LF lambs compared to HF lambs. There were no differences in ADG among lambs weaned from MR at an average age of 28 days and those weaned at 21 days of age for either of the two MR. The effects of MR fat level were identical at both weaning ages. Survival rates and feed consumption were similar for lambs fed the two MR. It was concluded that the fat level of MR could be reduced to 24% without adversely affecting lamb performance and that such a reduction would have substantial economic benefits because of the lower cost of the MR with the reduced fat level. Key words: Lambs, milk replacers, artificial rearing, fat levels

scholarly journals Routing of pregnant women as one of the ways to reduce infant mortality

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Valery V. Gorev ◽  
Anna A. Anna
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Reduce Infant Mortality

One of the most important tasks that healthcare providers face is to reduce infant mortality. The purpose of our study was to assess the effects of routing of pregnant women with preterm birth on the infant mortality rate. Materials and methods: оperating data of the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), operational notifications about death of young children under the age of 1, monthly reports of obstetric hospitals subordinate to Moscow Healthcare Department, annual reports of hospital departments providing neonatal care in medical organizations of Moscow Healthcare Department, and statistical data analysis. Results and discussion. The infant mortality rate in Moscow has been declining in recent decades and has been less than 6‰ annually since 2016. The share of newborns with extremely low birth weight is insignificant in overall rate. At the same time, extremely low birth weight is one of the main causes of infant mortality. As this category of newborns requires specific care, it is better to deliver such babies in perinatal centers that provide high quality medical care. Within 5 years, the share of children with ELBW born in perinatal centers and specialized obstetric hospitals has almost doubled. At the same time, there is an increase in the survival rate of children with extremely low birth weight by the age of one year in obstetric hospitals. Conclusion. Well-planned routing of patient within the large system of obstetric hospitals in Moscow could reduce death rate, increase the survival rate of children with extremely low birth weight and contribute to reducing infant mortality in the region.

scholarly journals Impact of maternal periodontitis on preterm birth and low birth weight in babies: results of a scoping review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peace UWAMBAYE ◽  
Cyprien MUNYANSHONGORE ◽  
Stephen RULISA ◽  
Harlan J SHIAU ◽  
Assuman NUHU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Case Control Studies

Abstract Background : World wide, numerous studies have shown a significant association between periodontitis and prematurity and/ or low birth weight particularly in developing countries. Periodontitis has been documented as public health concern but its association with preterm and /or low birth weight remains uncertain, thus the objective of this scoping review is to summarize the most recent published evidence related to the effect of periodontitis on preterm birth and low birth weight. Methods Hinari, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched to acquire the published literature. The retrieved studies included cross-sectional, case control studies and randomized controlled trials with available full text published in English from 2008 to 2019. The key words used to identify relevant articles for review included the following: periodontitis, periodontal disease, pregnancy, preterm birth, and low birth weight. Results : 333 articles were identified initially after combining all the key words, with only 133 eligible articles published from 2008 to 2019. After review of the available 50 full text articles, duplicates were removed and 15 studies fully met the inclusion criteria. 13 articles supported the association between maternal periodontitis and preterm and/ or low birth weight while 2 found no evidence to support the association. Although we did not appraise methodological quality or risk of bias of the selected studies, as per the guidelines for scoping reviews, good quality and up to date studies were selected. However, there were some inconsistencies in the findings due to differed case definitions, study settings and sample. Conclusion : The results of this scoping review are consistent with a previous review of case-control studies only, thereby contributing to an increasing body of evidence to support the hypothesis that periodontal disease may be a risk factor for preterm delivery and low birth weight. More rigorous studies with larger prospective cohorts are needed to provide more conclusive frameworks for testing the suspected clinical association between maternal periodontitis and perinatal outcomes.

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