INFLUENCE OF FEED ALLOWANCE DURING PREGNANCY ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF EWES AND GROWTH OF SUCKLED AND ARTIFICIALLY REARED LAMBS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. LODGE ◽  
D. P. HEANEY
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Ad Libitum

Eighty mature ewes (Rambouillet × Columbia type) were allocated on the basis of initial weight among four pregnancy treatments: (T1) fed a maintenance level throughout; (T2) fed the same total as T1 but distributed so as to increase exponentially from 15% below maintenance post-mating to 57% above maintenance by parturition; (T3) fed 80% of maintenance throughout; (T4) the same as T3 except ewes were resheared after mating. At lambing each treatment group was subdivided so that half the ewes reared their lambs, while those from the other half were reared, from within 16 h of birth, on milk replacer to 7 wk of age. Postpartum feed allowances for the ewes were ad libitum for the first 35 days, after which those not lactating were reduced to maintenance while those suckling lambs were given a recommended allowance for lactation. From 9 to 12 wk, all were fed a maintenance level. All ewes lost weight from conception to immediate postpartum but there were highly significant differences between treatments, with treatment 2 losing the least (4.5%) and treatment 4 losing the most (25%). Lamb birth weights were also significantly different, with treatment 2 heavier and treatments 3 and 4 lighter than treatment 1. Among suckled lambs, survival was 100% on treatments 1 and 2 but only 67 and 44%, respectively, on treatments 3 and 4. With artificial rearing, survival on treatments 1 to 4, respectively, was 45, 80, 56 and 30%. Birth weight did not influence survival among artificially reared lambs but suckled lamb survivors were approximately 50% heavier at birth than those which died. Suckled lambs were 33% heavier at 12 wk than artificially reared lambs, partly through faster early growth but mainly through a growth check in the latter following termination of milk replacer at 7 wk.

scholarly journals Terminal Crossbreeding of Murciano-Granadina Goats to Boer Bucks: Effects on Reproductive Performance of Goats and Growth of Kids in Artificial Rearing

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ion Pérez-Baena ◽  
Marta Jarque-Durán ◽  
Ernesto A. Gómez ◽  
José-Ramón Díaz ◽  
Cristòfol Peris
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Daily Gain

The aim of this work was to improve the growth characteristics of Murciano-Granadina (MG) kids through terminal crossbreeding of MG goats to Boer bucks. Four experiments were carried out, using a total of 354 MG goats, half of which were mated with MG bucks (n = 12) and the other half with Boer bucks (n = 12). The kids were raised in artificial rearing until slaughter weight (9 kg). The birth weight and average daily gain were recorded in crossed kids (n = 197 and 145, respectively) and purebred kids (n = 257 and 169, respectively). Crossed kids presented significant differences (p < 0.001) compared to MG purebred kids in birth weight (+ 24%), mortality in artificial rearing (−37%), average daily gain (+32%) and milk powder conversion rate (−16%). However, the reproductive performance rates of MG goats mated with Boer bucks were slightly worse (pregnancy rate: 78.5% vs. 86.6%, p < 0.05; kidding rate: 62.0% vs. 75.7%; p < 0.01; prolificacy: 1.9 vs. 2.1 kids/parturition), especially when the matings took place in non-breeding season (experiments conducted at latitude 38–39° N). It is concluded that the terminal crossbreeding of MG goats to Boer bucks (those not used to produce replacement kids) could be an interesting option for ethical goat production.

Reproductive performance of group-synchronized Merino d'Arles and Romanov crossbred ewes. 1. A note on the effects of lactation on fecundity

1977 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Galindez ◽  
M. Prud'hon ◽  
G. Reboul
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Superiority

SUMMARYFifty-six Merino d'Aries and 56 Romanov × Merino crossbred lactating ewes were divided into two treatment groups, one (T1) with a ewe-to-ram ratio of 48: 1 (24 Merino and 24 crossbred) and the other (T2) of 64: 1 (32 Merino and 32 crossbred).Intravaginal sponges with 40 mg FGA (Searle) were inserted in two subgroups at 8-day intervals and withdrawn after 12 and 16 days in situ, in four equal groups at 4-day intervals. A dose of 400 IU pregnant mare's serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) was applied at sponge withdrawal.Fertility after two oestrous cycles was equally satisfactory in both treatments, though it was lower in treatment group T2. This could be due to the significantly low (P<0·01) number of Merino ewes raddled by the T2 ram (0·33 Merino against 0·92 crossbred) suggesting preferential behaviour by the ram in this treatment.Comparisons between breeds show a slight superiority in the fertility of crossbred ewes and a highly significant superiority in prolificacy These results suggest that using the described method, 2% of rams seems more than adequate to mate with progestagen-synchronized ewes with a satisfactory fertility level. It is, however, recommended to use homogeneous groups of ewes.

Reproductive performance and growth of Shorthorn purebred and crossbred cows

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Fahmy ◽  
G. Lalande ◽  
M. Hidiroglou
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Calf Mortality ◽  
First Time ◽  
Maximum Body

SUMMARYData were obtained from 27 pure Shorthorn, 22 Angus × Shorthorn, 31 Charolais × Shorthorn and 27 Hereford × Shorthorn cows, during 10 years. Angus × Shorthorn cows required the least number of services per conception (1·17), had the shortest average gestation lengths (280·6 days), and had a calving percentage of 88·2% and birth weight of calf of 29·8 kg. The respective figures for Charolais × Shorthorn were 1·21 services, 281·6 days, 88·3% (the highest) and 32·9 kg (the heaviest), for Hereford × Shorthorn 1·23 services, 283·6 days, 84·4% and 31·6 kg, and for pure Shorthorn 1·20 services, 282·2 days, 82·7% and 29·6 kg. Average calf weight at birth increased with the advance in age of cow up to 5 years, then showed little change. Seventy-two per cent of the crossbred cows calved for the first time at 2 years old compared with 65% of the Shorthorns. On the other hand, Shorthorn cows had the highest twinning percentage (2·9%) and the lowest single calf mortality at birth (1·4%). The maximum body weights of Angus, Charolais, and Hereford crossbreds and Shorthorn cows were 576·8, 655·8, 6254 and 553·8 kg respectively at 7–8 years of age.

scholarly journals PSVII-14 Effects of birth characteristics, nursing behaviors, and supplemental milk on piglet pre-weaning growth and survival

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 213-214
Author(s):  
Courtney Moore Clemons ◽  
William Flowers
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
The Other ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Birth Characteristics ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Nursing Behaviors

Abstract The objectives of this study were to determine effects of birth characteristics, nursing behaviors and an oral gavage of milk replacer on pre-weaning growth and survival of piglets. Sixty-one sows were monitored during farrowing and length, timing, order and other birth characteristics were recorded for 789 piglets. Nursing behaviors and body weights were obtained on days 1, 8, 15, and 21 of lactation. Pairs of piglets (n=205) nursing the same teats were selected and one was given 1 mL milk replacer at 24 hours postpartum while the other was the control. Birth weight (p&lt; 0.0001) and teat location nursed (p&lt; 0.0001) were significant sources of variation for both growth and survival. Both decreased (p&lt; 0.05) as nursing location became more posterior. Piglets nursing the first pair of teats had the highest gain (5.43 + 0.13 kg) and survival (86.2%) while those nursing the seventh pair (3.82 + 0.18 kg and 67.1%) had the lowest. The largest piglets at birth (1.88 + 0.01 kg, n=204) had better (p&lt; 0.05) growth (5.38 + 0.10 vs. 4.09 + 1.0 kg) and survival (91.1 vs 70.5%) compared with the smallest pigs (1.08 + 0.1 kg, n=207). Milk replacer did not influence piglet growth (p=0.84) but improved survival (84.9 vs 79.3%; p=0.04). Birth order (p &gt;0.21), farrowing length (p &gt;0.42) and birth interval (p &gt;0.38) did not affect growth or survival. These results indicate that teat location and birth weight have significant effects on pre-weaning growth and survival while the duration, timing and order of piglet births do not and that an oral gavage of milk has potential for improving pre-weaning survival.

Seasonal variation in reproductive performance of Merino ewes in northern New South Wales

1962 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
JF Barrett ◽  
TF Reardon ◽  
LJ Lambourne
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
The Other ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Group A

Two groups of Merino ewes were observed for five years to determine the variation within years and to make comparisons between years in the numbers of ewes exhibiting oestrus, in fertility, and in lamb birth weights. A group of 35 ewes (continuous), was run constantly with vasectomized rams and services were recorded. From the other (changing) group, a fresh sub-group of 15 ewes was joined with fertile rams every four to six weeks; services were recorded, together with lambing performance and lamb birth weights.Distinct breeding and anoestrous seasons similar to those shown by other workers were observed in both groups of ewes. However, the onset of oestrous activity was a month earlier in the changing ewes than in the continuous ewes.Fertility was low during spring and early summer and reached a maximum in autumn.The birth weight of the lambs appeared to be predominantly influenced by the ewes' nutrition during pregnancy.

Effect of selection for leanness on overall reproductive performance in Large White sows

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Gaughan ◽  
R. D. A. Cameron ◽  
G. McL. Dryden ◽  
M. J. Josey
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Large White ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Weaned Piglet ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Weight Number ◽  
M 14

AbstractReproductive records from 1072 Large White sows (3589 litters) were used to examine the effect ofbackfat depth (Bd) and live weight (Lw) at selection on first litter and lifetime reproductive performance. The variables investigated included mating age, total piglets born, total born alive, piglet birth weight, number weaned, piglet weaning weight, weaning to remating period and number of litters produced. Using backfat depth, sows were categorized into three groups: L, 9 to 13 mm; M, 14 to 16 mm; and F, ≥17 mm. Bd had no significant effect (P > 0·05) on the measured traits for the sows grouped by fat at first parity. When lifetime reproductive data were analysed, the L group had fewer litters (P < 0·05), and weaned fewer pigs (P < 0·01) than either the M or F group. The birth weight for piglets from L sows were significantly higher (P < 0·05) than for piglets from the other groups. The data suggest that the reproductive performance of L sows is not as good as that of M or F sows.

PERFORMANCE OF YOUNG LAMBS FED A CLOTTING OR A NON-CLOTTING MILK REPLACER

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 993-996
Author(s):  
JOCELYNE DELISLE ◽  
HÉLÈNE V. PETIT ◽  
FRANCINE GIGUÈRE
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Milk Replacers

Sixteen male lambs weighing 2.8 – 5.8 kg and 3–5 d old were fed for 5 wk a clotting milk replacer with or without an oxalate-NaOH buffer known to prevent curd formation in the abomasum. Milk replacers were fed ad libitum at room temperature using formalin (0.1% vol vol−1) as preservative. Dry matter intake and average daily gains were the same (P > 0.05) for both the clotting and the nonclotting milk replacers. Digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen, and lipids was also similar (P > 0.05) for both treatments. Key words: Lambs, artificial rearing, milk replacer, clotting, coagulation, digestibility

Comparison of one-quarter Chinese Meishan and three-breed conventional cross females for sow productivity, and growth and carcass characteristics of the progeny

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. Wolter ◽  
D. N. Hamilton ◽  
M. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Female Line ◽  
Female Genotype ◽  
Eye Depth

The reproductive performance over five parities of two one-quarter Meishan female genotypes were compared with a three-breed cross female genotype based on conventional breeds of pigs. Hampshire-sired progeny from these females were evaluated for growth performance and carcass measures. The female genotypes evaluated were Landrace × (Meishan × Yorkshire) (LMeY) (n = 45), Duroc × (Meishan × Yorkshire) (DMeY) (n = 41), and Landrace × (Duroc × Yorkshire) (LDY) (n = 50), respectively. LMeY had a greater number of pigs born alive (11.1, 10.6, and 10.2, SE = 0.24 for LMeY, DMeY, and LDY, respectively, P < 0.05) and a higher total litter birth weight (20.02, 18.16, and 17.29, SE = 0.383 kg for LMeY, DMeY, and LDY, respectively, P < 0.001) than the other lines. Gestation length was reduced for the two Meishan-cross genotypes (114.5, 114.3, and 114.9, SE = 0.18, for LMeY, DMeY and LDY, respectively; P < 0.001). A shorter farrowing interval was observed for the LMeY (147.1, 148.6 and 151.4, SE = 1.32 for LMeY, DMeY and LDY, respectively, P < 0.05). Number of pigs weaned per litter was highest for LMeY line (10.7, 10.0, and 9.4, SE = 0.22 for LMeY, DMeY and LDY, respectively; P < 0.05). No differences (P > 0.05) were observed between the Hampshire-sired progeny of the three dam genotypes for growth performance, backfat thickness and loin eye depth at 114 kg. These results indicate that the development of a female line with one-quarter Meishan may result in improved reproductive efficiency compared to female lines based on western breeds. Key words: Pigs, crossbred, Meishan, reproductive performance, growth performance

scholarly journals A comparative study on reproductive performance and productivity of the Black Bengal and Crossbred goat at Atrai, Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 55-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan ◽  
SM Niaz Mahmud ◽  
SKM Azizul Islam ◽  
Omar Faruk Miazi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Black Bengal Goat

The present investigation was carried out to detect the status of different productive and reproductive parameters of Black Bengal and Crossbred goats at Bandaikhara village under Atrai Upazilla of Naogaon district during the period of September to December/2005. The average age at first sign of heat of Black Bengal goats was better than that of Crossbred goats. In Black Bengal goat the average age at first kidding was 360.5±10 days, whereas, in crossbred goats it was 411.5±15.5 day. Significantly (P<0.01) lower the post partum heat period in Black Bengal goat than the crossbred goat. The average kidding interval in Black Bengal and Crossbred goats were 179±20 and 270±22 days respectively and differences are statistically significant (P<0.01). The usual numbers of kids at one time in Black Bengal goats vary from single to quadruplet. On the other hand, litter size of crossbred goat was single or twin. The average birth weight of Black Bengal goat was lower than Crossbred goats, which are statistically significant (P<0.05). The average body weight gain after 365 days is better in Crossbred than Black Bengal goats and statistically significant (P<0.01). The average milk yield in Crossbred goat was 1.05 liter/day, whereas, in Black Bengal goat, it produces milk that only nourished its kids. It was concluded that the reproductive performance like early maturity, larger litter size, shorter postpartum period, minimum kidding interval are better in Black Bengal goat. On the other hand productive performance like higher birth weight, maximum body weight gain, high milk yield, longer lactation length are suitable in crossbred goat. Key words: Black Bengal goat, Crossbred goat, Production, Reproduction, Performance Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 26, 2007. pp. 55-57

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SOURCE AND LEVEL OF ENERGY AND LEVEL OF PROTEIN INTAKE ON SOW PERFORMANCE DURING GROWTH, GESTATION, AND LACTATION: I. GAIN, ENERGY REQUIREMENTS, AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Bowland
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Gain Energy ◽  
Nutritional Effects ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

From an average initial weight of 44 lb to the end of the second lactation, 60 sows (littermates from 12 litters) were fed two levels and two sources of energy and two levels of protein in 5 ration groups. To 215 lb liveweight a restriction of energy, with or without protein restriction, resulted in slower gains, improved efficiency of energy (total digestible nutrients or apparent digestible energy) utilization and lower backfat thickness. Sows fed rations formulated to meet U.S. N.R.C. nutrient requirements, and allowed no access to pasture, performed similarly during two gestation and lactation cycles when they were fed ad libitum during growth and 6 lb per day during gestation or when they were restricted in feed intake by 20% during growth and 8% during gestation. During lactation all sows were fed at an energy level based on the number of suckling pigs. The addition of 20% extra protein to the ration of sows fed at a restricted level, full-feeding sows during gestation that had been restricted during growth, or the addition of 15% stabilized tallow to supply 20% of the energy in the rations during growth and reproduction had no significant effect on conception rates, number, or weight of pigs born alive or weaned. Sows fed the ration containing tallow at an intake to equalize energy consumption with sows full-fed the control ration were heavier at the end of the experiment than the other sows.Within lots, there were significant positive correlations between weight gain during the first gestation and loss during the first lactation, gain during the first and second gestation, gain during gestation and litter birth weight as well as litter weaning weight, litter birth weight and litter weaning weight, and number of pigs born alive following each gestation. Between lots, which gives an indication of nutritional effects, gain in weight during gestation was negatively correlated (r = −.73) with the number of pigs born alive.

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