Maximum loading density of loose horses

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Whiting
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Maximum Density ◽  
Common Space ◽  
Maximum Loading ◽  
Key Words Animal

An observational study was conducted to document common space allowance given to horses safely transported en masse. Observations of loaded vehicles support increasing the maximum density in mass-per-area as the average horse body weight increases are safe. The recommended loading density for horses loaded in groups is y = (54.837)W0.325, where y = density in kg m−2 and W = average animal weight in kilograms. Key words: Animal transportation, space allowance, loading density, horse

Frequency of Sacralisation of Fifth Lumber Vertebra in South Punjab Pakistani Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1962-1964
Author(s):  
Sabahat Gul ◽  
Summaira Hassan ◽  
Saeed Kanwal ◽  
Owais Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Sacral Vertebra ◽  
Pakistani Population ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Fifth Lumbar Vertebra

Background: Lumbosacral joint carries whole body weight and transmits it to tibia. As the 5th Lumbar Vertebra transits into first Sacral Vertebra, fifth Lumbar Vertebra may be fused on one or both sides to the first Sacral Vertebra, Condition known as ‘Sacralisation’. Aim: To find the frequency of sacralisation of 5th Lumbar Vertebra in South Punjab Pakistani Population. Methods: It was a descriptive observational study conducted in Anatomy Department Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur. This was descriptive observational study conducted on cadaveric sacra collected in last 7 years. 86 dry Human adult sacra of known sex were observed and results were noted for Sacralisation of Lumbar Vertebra. Results: Out of 86 cadaveric Sacra, Sacralisation was found in 12(14%). Out of these 12, 8 Sacra showed complete Sacralisation while 4 Sacra showed incomplete Sacralisation. Conclusion: Sacralisation of 5th Lumbar Vertebra is common (14%) in cadaveric sacra of South Punjab, Pakistani Population. Key words: Lumbar Vertebra, Sacralisation, Cadaveric, L5 (5th lumbar vertebrae), S1 (1st Sacral Vertebrae).

Feasibility and efficacy of ghost ileostomy in typhoid ileal perforations: A prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
pp. 004947552110070
Author(s):  
Prabhat Shukla ◽  
Uday Somashekar ◽  
Dileep S Thakur ◽  
Reena Kothari ◽  
Dhananjaya Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Loop Ileostomy ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Ghost Ileostomy ◽  
Faecal Diversion

Loop ileostomy is commonly performed for typhoid ileal perforations as temporary faecal diversion. This is associated with several stoma-related complications and also requires further surgery for its closure. Thus, we were prompted to conduct a prospective observational study on the safety, feasibility and efficacy of ghost ileostomy in typhoid ileal perforations. After dealing with the perforation, a ghost ileostomy was performed in 10 selected patients with favourable circumstances; otherwise, a conventional loop ileostomy was performed in 19 patients. The two groups were comparable (p > 0.05) for morbidity and mortality except for stoma-related complications, seen only in the loop ileostomy group. Body weight was better preserved in the ghost ileostomy group. One patient in the ghost ileostomy group required conversion to loop ileostomy owing to signs of intra-peritoneal suture leak, without any detriment to outcome. Our study shows safety, feasibility and efficacy of ghost ileostomy in selected patients with typhoid ileal perforations, thus avoiding loop ileostomy in one-third of patients.

Prophylaxis of obstetric and perinatal pathology at women with pathological increase of body weight during pregnancy

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-79
Author(s):  
S.Yu. Vdovichenko ◽  
◽  
T.D. Fakhrutdinova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Perinatal Pathology ◽  
Fetoplacental Complex ◽  
The Right ◽  
Selection Of

The objective: depression of obstetric and perinatal complications at pregnant women with pathological increase of body weight during pregnancy on the basis of studying of clinical-functional, endocrinologic, metabolic, morphological features of condition of fetoplacental complex and development of advanced algorithm of treatment-and-prophylactic actions. Materials and methods. We conducted examination of 264 patients who consisted on the account concerning pregnancy in female consultations of Kiev. By a method of selection of 178 women were included in retrospective research and 86 – in prospective. The main group was made by 39 pregnant women with whom led individual discussions, control – 142 women, that received traditional references in female consultation. Results. Use of the algorithm improved by us allows to improve obstetric (decrease of frequency of a preeclampsia by 12.3%; anomalies of a patrimonial deyalnost for 8.4%) and perinatal outcomes (depression of level of an asphyxia at a delivery for 9.4% and post-natal adaptation for 7.8%) deliveries of women with an excessive increase of body weight during pregnancy. Conclusion. The received results grant the right to recommend the algorithm improved by us for wide use in practical health care. Key words: obstetric and perinatal pathology, pathological increase of body weight, prophylaxis.

THE ACCUMULATIVE EFFECT OF FINNSHEEP BREEDING IN CROSSBREEDING SCHEMES: REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMED H. FAHMY ◽  
JACQUES J. DUFOUR
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Size At Birth

Reproductive performance and body weight were studied on 361 ewes, representing Finnsheep (F), DLS (a population of 1/2 Dorset, 1/4 Leicester, 1/4 Suffolk) and seven combinations ranging from 1/8 to 7/8 Finnsheep breeding. Conception rate in yearlings was 61.5% for DLS compared to 89.0% for F with the crosses being intermediate. Conception rate in older ewes was similar in the different genetic groups (avg. 94%). Ovulation rate and litter size at birth of DLS ewes were 1.72 and 1.44 lambs, which was less than half those of F ewes (3.51 and 2.86 lambs, respectively). Both traits increased progressively with an increase in F breeding in crosses and with advances in age. DLS ewes weaned 1.22 lambs compared to 2.03 lambs for F ewes and 1.84 lambs for 4/8 F ewes. The heaviest litters at weaning (31.7 kg) were raised by 4/8 F ewes, followed by 7/8 F (30.8 kg) while those raised by DLS ewes weighed 23.0 kg and F ewes 29.1 kg. Percentage of ova lost per ewe mated averaged 24% and ranged between 18% (DLS and 1/8 F) and 29% (6/8 F). About 3.6% of lambs were born dead and a further 13.8% died before weaning. Preweaning mortality rate was highest in F (22.9%) and lowest in 3/8 F (9.4%). Average kilograms of lambs weaned per ewe exposed was highest in 4/8 F (27.6 kg) followed by F (26.0 kg), whereas that of DLS was the lowest at 18.1 kg. The 4/8 F cross showed 25% heterosis in kg of lambs weaned per ewe exposed and 52.5% increase over DLS. Significant positive linear regressions were calculated for ovulation rate, litter size and preweaning mortality rate on proportion of Finnsheep breeding in crosses. The relation was quadratic for percent ova lost and lamb mortality at weaning. Yearling DLS females weighted 36 kg compared to 44 kg for F yearlings. However, at 5 yr of age DLS ewes weighed 62 kg, 5 kg heavier than F ewes. The heaviest ewes at all ages were the 4/8 F (45 kg at 1 yr, 65 kg at 5 yr). Key words: Reproduction, DLS sheep, Finnsheep, crossbreeding, heterosis, repeatabilities

INFLUENCE OF BREED, BIRTH DATE, AGE AND BODY WEIGHT ON LINEAR BODY MEASUREMENTS OF GROWING RAMS MAINTAINED IN A CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
D. P. HEANEY ◽  
P. S. FISER ◽  
G. A. LANGFORD
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Birth Date ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Linear Body

Heart girth (HG), body length (BL), leg length (LL), metacarpal circumference (MC), withers height (WH) and hook width (HW) of 233 growing rams of three synthetic strains, Suffolk and Finnsheep breeds were measured at 6, 8 and 10 mo of age. Thereafter, subsequent measurements were taken at 11–13 mo, 18–21 mo and 23–25 mo of age. Breed, birth period (hysterectomy derived birth date), age of ram and body weight (BW) had important effects (P < 0.05) on linear body measurements, whereas age of dam did not (P > 0.05). Significant effects of litter size on HG and BL were observed at 6 and 8 mo of age, respectively. All linear body measurements increased from 6 to 21 mo of age, whereas BL, WH and HW continued to increase to 25 mo. Rams of Strain 1, developed as a synthetic sire strain, with a large proportion of Suffolk background were generally similar to the Suffolk rams in all body measurements except for HG which was significantly larger than in Suffolk rams. The Finnsheep rams had smaller HG, BL, MC and HW than the synthetic strains and Suffolk rams, whereas LL and WH of the Finnsheep and Suffolk rams were similar. Rams of Strains 2 and 3, developed as synthetic dam strains with 50 percent Finnsheep background, were similar in body measurements. The synthetic dam strains did not differ from Strain 1 and/or Suffolk with respect to HG, BL, WH and HW. However, Suffolk rams had larger MC and shorter LL compared to those of the Strain 2 and 3 rams. Birth period had a significant effect on HG, BL, LL and MC, but no consistent trend with age of ram was apparent. Linear body measurements were positively correlated with each other and with body weight; however, the relationship varied as rams progressed in age. The importance of breed, birth date, age of ram and body weight on body measurements and the requirements for appropriate adjustments is emphasized. Key words: Sheep, body measurements, breed, birth date, age of ram

The influence of dietary monensin and salinomycin on growth and endocrine status of gilts

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Van Lunen ◽  
R. N. Kirkwood ◽  
P. A. Thacker
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Serum Growth Hormone ◽  
Endocrine Status ◽  
Effect Of Treatment

Seventy-two gilts were fed a 16% crude protein diet supplemented with monensin, salinomycin or not supplemented. There was no effect of treatment on gilt growth between 30 and 100 kg body weight. Monensin-fed gilts tended to have increased, while salinomycin-fed gilts had decreased (P < 0.01), serum growth hormone concentrations. Salinomycin-fed gilts were older and heavier at puberty (P < 0.05). Key words: Monensin, salinomycin, gilts, growth, reproduction

SUBSTITUTION OF SORGHUM FOR WHEAT IN DIETS FOR LAYING HENS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. GARDINER ◽  
D. J. MAJOR ◽  
S. DUBETZ
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Single Comb

The effects of substituting various levels of sorghum for wheat in diets for laying hens were studied. Egg production, egg weight, feed consumption, body weight and hatchability of eggs from Single Comb White Leghorn hens were not affected by the proportion of sorghum in the diet. Key words: Sorghum, wheat, nutrition, egg production

scholarly journals CONDITION SCORE, BODY WEIGHT AND HIP HEIGHT AS PREDICTORS OF GAIN IN VARIOUS BREED CROSSES OF YEARLING STEERS ON PASTURE

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 837-842
Author(s):  
R. K. HAND ◽  
S. R. GOULD ◽  
J. A. BASARAB ◽  
D. F. ENOSTROM
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Breed Crosses

Condition score, initial body weight and weight to hip height ratio were each negatively related to yearling steer gain on pasture but these relationships were too small to be of practical predictive value. Gain in the early part of the pasture season was a better predictor. A significant relationship (r = 0.71–0.86, P < 0.001) was noted between condition score and weight to hip height ratio. Key words: Yearling steers, condition score, hip height, pasture

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