GENETICS OF GLOSSINA MORSITANS MORSITANS (DIPTERA: GLOSSINIDAE): III. SALMON, A SEX-LINKED, MATERNALLY INFLUENCED, SEMI-LETHAL EYE COLOR MUTANT

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Normal Number ◽  
Color Mutant ◽  
Wild Type Female

AbstractA visible mutation with salmon-colored eyes was found in our colony of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood. The trait, designated salmon (sal), is a recessive controlled by an X-chromosome locus which is at least 36 map units from ocra. Adults emerged from less than 20% of the puparia obtained by mating females homozygous for salmon with the hemizygous salmon males; these flies have very pale eyes and die at an early age. The mutant is genetically rescuable since females homozygous for salmon mated with wild-type males produced the normal number of phenotypically wild-type female offspring and about 32% of the expected number of male offspring; the males have very pale eyes.

Variation in the pteridine content in the heads of tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae: Glossina Wiedemann): evidence for genetic control

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Mclntyre ◽  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Eye Color Mutants ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Glossina Palpalis

The pteridine content of the head capsule of teneral flies from 11 genetically selected lines (including eye-color mutants) of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and Glossina palpalis palpalis Robineau-Desvoidy was examined using fluorescence spectroscopy. Wild-type G. p. palpalis had a greater pteridine content than did wild-type G. m. morsitans. Within G. m. morsitans there was a 25% variation in fluorescence values between genetic lines. Wild-type G. p. palpalis had the same pteridine content as brick mutants but more than tan mutants; in G. m. morsitans the salmon mutants had a higher pteridine content than did wild-type flies. Pteridine content did not account for the difference in eye color between male and female brick mutants. Accumulation of pteridines was not influenced by genotype in young flies, but in older flies salmon mutants accumulated pteridines more rapidly than did wild-type flies. Young flies, both wild type and salmon, accumulated pteridines more rapidly than did old flies. The results of the analysis of head capsule fluorescence in males from the parental lines and F1 and F2 generations of reciprocal crosses of the G. m. morsitans lines with the highest and lowest pteridine contents revealed that genetic control of pteridine content lies on the X chromosome and on one autosome.

Eye Pigments in Wild-Type and Eye-Color Mutant Strains of the African Malaria Vector Anopheles gambiae

1995 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Beard ◽  
M. Q. Benedict ◽  
J. P. Primus ◽  
V. Finnerty ◽  
F. H. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Color Mutant ◽  
Mutant Strains

Genetics of Glossina morsitans morsitans (Diptera: Glossinidae). XIII. Mapping the locus for tetrazolium oxidase in linkage group I and refinement of the linkage group II map

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 885-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding ◽  
B. M. Rolseth ◽  
S. A. Tarimo
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Aldehyde Oxidase ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

The locus for tetrazolium oxidase, To, is mapped at 4.3 ± 1.3 recombination units from the locus for arginine phosphokinase, Apk, in linkage group I, and the distance between the eye color locus, sal, and Apk is confirmed to be about 39.5 ± 3.2 recombination units. In linkage group II the loci for aldehyde oxidase, Ao, and for two esterases are arranged in the order Ao Est-1 Est-2 with 3.5 ± 1.2 recombination units separating Ao and Est-1 and 8.3 ± 1.8 recombination units separating Est-1 and Est-2.Key words: Glossina morsitans, tetrazolium oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, esterases, linkage maps.

GENETICS OF GLOSSINA MORSITANS MORSITANS (DIPTERA: GLOSSINIDAE). V. DEFINITION AND PRELIMINARY MAPPING OF LINKAGE GROUPS I AND II

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Aldehyde Oxidase ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Group I ◽  
Octanol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Differential Part

Linkage group I is defined as the loci on the differential part of the X-chromosome of adult Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood. Three loci are known and their order on the X-chromosome has been demonstrated as ocra (body color), salmon (eye color), and Apk (arginine phosphokinase, E.C. 2.7.3.3) with 38 map units separating the first two loci and 32 to 41 separating the second two. This region of the X-chromosome does not contain the chromosomal inversion known to occur in the Handeni line of G. m. morsitans. Linkage group II is defined as the autosome carrying the locus Xo (xanthine oxidase, E.C. 1.2.3.2), and it is demonstrated to carry also the loci Ao (aldehyde oxidase, E.C. 1.2.3.1) and Odh (octanol dehydrogenase, E.C. 1.1.1.73). Ao and Odh are within 0.36 map units of each other and have not been separated by recombination; this pair of loci occur about 48 map units from Xo. During mapping experiments, no evidence for genetical recombination was found in male G. m. morsitans.

The construction of a life-table for Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae) from seasonal age-measurements of a wild population

1979 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Tsetse Population ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Age Structures

AbstractSamples of female Glossina morsitans morsitans Westw. were collected in the Zambesi Valley in Zimbabwe-Rhodesia using an electric net and aged using the overian ageing technique. Similar age-structures were demonstrated in the four seasons studied, and the life-table constructed on the basis of the reproductively active members of the population indicates that females produce more than two female offspring in a lifetime. The tsetse population is considered to be regulated by the survival of the newly emerged teneral flies and non-teneral nullipars. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) is calculated from the life-table as 0·01204 for the reproductively active sector of the population.

Genetics of Glossina morsitans morsitans (Diptera: Glossinidae). VIII. Tryptophan oxygenase deficiency, the lesion causing salmon-colored eyes

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding ◽  
B. M. Rolseth
Keyword(s):  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Tryptophan Oxygenase ◽  
Oxygenase Activity ◽  
Biochemical Lesion

Tsetse flies, Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood, with salmon-colored eyes had less xanthommatin in their heads than did wild-type flies. Wild-type adults excreted kynurenine but adults with salmon-colored eyes excreted tryptophan. Tryptophan oxygenase and kynurenine formamidase were found in pharate, wild-type adults removed from 24- to 27-day-old puparia and in postteneral wild-type adults. The latter enzyme, but not the former, was found in pharate and postteneral adults with salmon-colored eyes. Wild-type phenocopies were produced by administering formylkynurenine or kynurenine sulfate to pharate adults (which were genetically destined to have salmon-colored eyes) in 20- to 22-day-old puparia. The results are interpreted as indicating that the salmon allele sal, which is responsible for producing salmon-colored eyes in G. m. morsitans, causes a biochemical lesion resulting in an absence of tryptophan oxygenase activity.

Über das Auftreten von Tetrahydrobiopterin und Riboflavin in den Malpighischen Gefäßen von Drosophila melanogaster und deren Mutante brown

1969 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
Dieter Eichelberg
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Strong Reduction ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Color Mutant

This paper is concerned with the different occurrence of tetrahydrobiopterin (THB) and riboflavine in the Malpighian tubules (MT) of the wild-type and of the eye color mutant brown (bw) of Drosophila melanogaster during different stages of development and life. In the MT of the mutant brown there is a strong reduction of THB and riboflavine contents in proportion to the amounts of the MT of the wild-type. Furthermore, in the mutant brown the THB, similar like isoxanthopterin and uric acid, disappears out of the MT soon after hatching. The results are discussed with regard to biogenetic coherences.

A white eye color mutant in the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans submotsitans Newstead (Diptera: Glossinidae)

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Challoner ◽  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Mutation ◽  
Tsetse Fly ◽  
Tryptophan Metabolism ◽  
Compound Eyes ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Submorsitans ◽  
Color Mutant

A spontaneous mutation in Glossina morsitans submorsitans Newstead is described. The mutant, designated wht, has white compound eyes but the ocelli and testes have normal coloration. Mutants have lower than normal amounts of xanthommatin and pteridines in their heads. The lesion occurs late in the tryptophan to xanthommatin pathway, in the storage of xanthommatin in the compound eyes, or, most likely, in the transport of precursors into the compound eyes. The locus wht is on the X chromosome.Key words: tsetse, Glossina morsitans submorsitans, wht mutant, tryptophan metabolism.

An eye color mutant (tan) in the tsetse fly, Glossina palpalis palpalis (Diptera: Glossinidae)

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 828-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. D'Haeseleer ◽  
J. van den Abbeele ◽  
R. H. Gooding ◽  
B. M. Rolseth ◽  
A. Van der Vloedt
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Tsetse Fly ◽  
Compound Eyes ◽  
Glossina Palpalis Palpalis ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Color Mutant ◽  
Glossina Palpalis

A nondeleterious eye color mutant, tan, is described as the first visible mutant in Glossina palpalis palpalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). The locus for tan is on the X chromosome approximately 24 recombination units from the locus for testicular esterase (Est-t). Homozygous (tan/tan) females and hemizygous (tan/Y) males have compound eyes and ocelli that are pink (instead of dark brown) while the flies are alive but these fade to a tan color after death. No other differences in physical appearance of flies were found. General bionomic features of tan flies are not significantly different from those of wild-type flies. The mutant flies have a lower propensity for mating than do wild-type flies in the laboratory and there is assortative mating. Approximately half the offspring produced by tan females, which had mated twice, are sired by the second mate. Wild-type and tan adults excrete kynurenine and both types have tryptophan oxygenase and kynurenine formamidase. The lesion causing the abnormal eye color in the tan mutant appears to occur late in the metabolism of tryptophan to xanthommatin, possibly at the level of retention of xanthommatin in the eyes. Key words: eye color mutant, Glossina.

Genetics of Glossina morsitans morsitans (Diptera: Glossinidae). X. A mutant (sabr) having long scutellar apical bristles in females

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 770-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Mutant Allele ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Wild Type Allele ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Malic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Type Allele

A line of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood was established in which females have scutellar apical bristles approximately three times as long as normal. In other respects the flies appear normal. The mutant allele, sabr, is recessive to the wild-type allele. The locus for sabr is located in linkage group III, 50 or more map units from the locus for malic dehydrogenase. Scutellar apical bristles in mutant flies are longer in flies emerging from puparia maintained at 30 °C than in flies emerging from puparia maintained at 25 °C.Key words: Glossina, mutation sabr, bristle length.

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