A white eye color mutant in the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans submotsitans Newstead (Diptera: Glossinidae)

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Challoner ◽  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Mutation ◽  
Tsetse Fly ◽  
Tryptophan Metabolism ◽  
Compound Eyes ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Submorsitans ◽  
Color Mutant

A spontaneous mutation in Glossina morsitans submorsitans Newstead is described. The mutant, designated wht, has white compound eyes but the ocelli and testes have normal coloration. Mutants have lower than normal amounts of xanthommatin and pteridines in their heads. The lesion occurs late in the tryptophan to xanthommatin pathway, in the storage of xanthommatin in the compound eyes, or, most likely, in the transport of precursors into the compound eyes. The locus wht is on the X chromosome.Key words: tsetse, Glossina morsitans submorsitans, wht mutant, tryptophan metabolism.

An eye color mutant (tan) in the tsetse fly, Glossina palpalis palpalis (Diptera: Glossinidae)

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 828-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. D'Haeseleer ◽  
J. van den Abbeele ◽  
R. H. Gooding ◽  
B. M. Rolseth ◽  
A. Van der Vloedt
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Tsetse Fly ◽  
Compound Eyes ◽  
Glossina Palpalis Palpalis ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Color Mutant ◽  
Glossina Palpalis

A nondeleterious eye color mutant, tan, is described as the first visible mutant in Glossina palpalis palpalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). The locus for tan is on the X chromosome approximately 24 recombination units from the locus for testicular esterase (Est-t). Homozygous (tan/tan) females and hemizygous (tan/Y) males have compound eyes and ocelli that are pink (instead of dark brown) while the flies are alive but these fade to a tan color after death. No other differences in physical appearance of flies were found. General bionomic features of tan flies are not significantly different from those of wild-type flies. The mutant flies have a lower propensity for mating than do wild-type flies in the laboratory and there is assortative mating. Approximately half the offspring produced by tan females, which had mated twice, are sired by the second mate. Wild-type and tan adults excrete kynurenine and both types have tryptophan oxygenase and kynurenine formamidase. The lesion causing the abnormal eye color in the tan mutant appears to occur late in the metabolism of tryptophan to xanthommatin, possibly at the level of retention of xanthommatin in the eyes. Key words: eye color mutant, Glossina.

Genetics of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans submorsitans Newstead (Diptera: Glossinidae): further mapping of linkage groups I, II, and III

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 1309-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
R H Gooding ◽  
C M Challoner
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Aldehyde Oxidase ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Tsetse Fly ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Submorsitans ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Standard mapping procedures were used to map four loci in linkage group I (the X chromosome), two loci in linkage group II, and two loci in linkage group III of Glossina morsitans submorsitans. In the presence of the allele Srd (the distorter allele favoring production of female offspring), no recombination occurred between any of the following loci: Pgm (phosphoglucomutase), wht (white eye color), Est-X (a thoracic esterase), and Sr (sex-ratio distortion). However, in the absence of Srd (i.e., in females homozygous for Srn, the allele that permits males to sire both female and male offspring in approximately equal numbers), the loci Pgm and wht were separated by 23 ± 4.0% recombination (map distance). These results indicate that ourG. m. submorsitans strains carry two forms of the X chromosome, designated XA and XB. In support of this interpretation, two lines of G. m. submorsitans were established: in both lines, males with wild-type eyes sired families that were almost exclusively female, while males with white eyes sired families having males and females in approximately equal numbers. Two loci, Ao (aldehyde oxidase) and Est-1 (a thoracic esterase) were separated by 6.1 ± 2.3% recombination in linkage group II, and two loci, Mdh (malate dehydrogenase) and Pgi (phosphoglucose isomerase), showed 51.9 ± 4.9% recombination in linkage group III.

GENETICS OF GLOSSINA MORSITANS MORSITANS (DIPTERA: GLOSSINIDAE): III. SALMON, A SEX-LINKED, MATERNALLY INFLUENCED, SEMI-LETHAL EYE COLOR MUTANT

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Normal Number ◽  
Color Mutant ◽  
Wild Type Female

AbstractA visible mutation with salmon-colored eyes was found in our colony of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood. The trait, designated salmon (sal), is a recessive controlled by an X-chromosome locus which is at least 36 map units from ocra. Adults emerged from less than 20% of the puparia obtained by mating females homozygous for salmon with the hemizygous salmon males; these flies have very pale eyes and die at an early age. The mutant is genetically rescuable since females homozygous for salmon mated with wild-type males produced the normal number of phenotypically wild-type female offspring and about 32% of the expected number of male offspring; the males have very pale eyes.

Rate of linear advance by Glossina morsitans submorsitans newst. (Diptera, Glossinidae) on a trade cattle route in south-western Nigeria

1976 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Riordan
Keyword(s):  
Tsetse Fly ◽  
Dispersal Rate ◽  
The South ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Submorsitans ◽  
The North ◽  
Major Route ◽  
River Niger

AbstractIndigenous cattle are trekked, along well defined routes, from the north of Nigeria to markets in the south of the country. A major route crosses the River Niger at Jebba and proceeds south through Ilorin, Ogbomosho and Oyo towns. In 1912 the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans submorsitans Newst. was absent from this route south of Jebba. The species appeared mid-way between Jebba and Ilorin in about 1935, reached Ilorin by about 1950 and Oyo by, or before, 1967. The rate of southwards advance, if linear, was about 5·4 km per year or 104 m per week.The Jebba-Oyo infestation may have originated, not as a southwards extension of a fly belt north of the River Niger at Jebba (now termed Belt 24), as generally believed, but by immigration of flies from Eastern Ilorin Province, known to be heavily infested as early as 1912. Several cattle routes from that area converged north of Ilorin before the present route became predominant.G. m. submorsitans was eradicated from the route south of Ogbomosho by insecticide spraying in January 1970. The rate of re-invasion of this section was measured for the next three years and found to be about 5·13 km per year or 99 m per week, proceeding faster during dry than during wet seasons.The calculated rates of advance, both long and short term, were about half the figure (180 m per week) proposed by other workers as the dispersal rate of individual flies, which is believed to determine rates of advance. The relative slowness of the present advance was probably related to the equability of the climate, in which seasonal increases and decreases in fly population were slight.

Whole-Genome Effects of Ethyl Methanesulfonate-Induced Mutation on Nine Quantitative Traits in Outbred Drosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 157 (3) ◽  
pp. 1257-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Pei Yang ◽  
Ana Y Tanikawa ◽  
Wayne A Van Voorhies ◽  
Joana C Silva ◽  
Alexey S Kondrashov
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Spontaneous Mutation ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Ethyl Methanesulfonate ◽  
Induced Mutations ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Recessive Mutations ◽  
The Mean

Abstract We induced mutations in Drosophila melanogaster males by treating them with 21.2 mm ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). Nine quantitative traits (developmental time, viability, fecundity, longevity, metabolic rate, motility, body weight, and abdominal and sternopleural bristle numbers) were measured in outbred heterozygous F3 (viability) or F2 (all other traits) offspring from the treated males. The mean values of the first four traits, which are all directly related to the life history, were substantially affected by EMS mutagenesis: the developmental time increased while viability, fecundity, and longevity declined. In contrast, the mean values of the other five traits were not significantly affected. Rates of recessive X-linked lethals and of recessive mutations at several loci affecting eye color imply that our EMS treatment was equivalent to ∼100 generations of spontaneous mutation. If so, our data imply that one generation of spontaneous mutation increases the developmental time by 0.09% at 20° and by 0.04% at 25°, and reduces viability under harsh conditions, fecundity, and longevity by 1.35, 0.21, and 0.08%, respectively. Comparison of flies with none, one, and two grandfathers (or greatgrandfathers, in the case of viability) treated with EMS did not reveal any significant epistasis among the induced mutations.

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