scholarly journals Essential Oil of Croton zehntneri Prevents Conduction Alterations Produced by Diabetes Mellitus on Vagus Nerve

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 893
Author(s):  
Kerly Shamyra Silva-Alves ◽  
Francisco Walber Ferreira-da-Silva ◽  
Andrelina Noronha Coelho-de-Souza ◽  
José Henrique Leal-Cardoso

Autonomic diabetic neuropathy (ADN) is a complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), to which there is no specific treatment. In this study, the efficacy of the essential oil of Croton zehntneri (EOCz) in preventing ADN was evaluated in the rat vagus nerve. For the two fastest conducting myelinated types of axons of the vagus nerve, the conduction velocities and rheobase decreased, whilst the duration of the components of the compound action potential of these fibers increased. EOCz completely prevented these DM-induced alterations of the vagus nerve. Unmyelinated fibers were not affected. In conclusion, this investigation demonstrated that EOCz is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of ADN.

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. R. Andrews ◽  
T. V. Taylor

1. The compound action potential was recorded in segments of posterior abdominal vagus removed from patients undergoing elective vagotomy and the conduction velocities of the major components were measured. 2. The conduction velocities ranged from 0·15 m/s to 3·9 m/s. The majority of compound potentials recorded had latencies appropriate to C fibre conduction.


2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshizo Matsuka ◽  
Igor Spigelman

Diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus patients. It is a wide range of abnormalities affecting proximal and distal peripheral sensory and motor nerves. Although plasma hyperosmolality is a common finding in diabetes mellitus, the effects of hyperosmolality on conduction of various sensory signal components have not been addressed in detail. Here we show that in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) preparations from normal rats, hyperosmolar solutions (360 mmol/kg, containing increased glucose, sucrose, NaCl, or mannitol) produce a selective block of signal propagation in myelinated sensory A-fibers. In compound action potential (CAP) recordings with suction electrodes, peak A-fiber CAP amplitude was selectively decreased (20%), while the C-fiber peak remained intact or was slightly increased. Hyperosmolar solutions had smaller effects on conduction velocity (CV) of both A- and C-fibers (approximately 5% decrease). Hyperosmolality-induced CAP changes could not be observed during recordings from isolated spinal nerves but were evident during recordings from desheathed spinal nerves. In intracellular recordings, hyperosmolar solutions produced a block of spinal nerve-evoked action potential invasion into the somata of some A-fiber neurons. Removal of extracellular calcium completely prevented the hyperosmolality-induced CAP decreases. Based on these data, we propose that the decreased CAP amplitudes recorded in human patients and in animal models of diabetes are in part due to the effects of hyperosmolality and would depend on the extracellular osmolality at the time of sensory testing. We also hypothesize that hyperosmolality may contribute to both the sensory abnormalities (paresthesias) and the chronic pain symptoms of diabetic neuropathy.


2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 769-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Liu ◽  
Yu-Xiang Li ◽  
Shuai-Shuai Gong ◽  
Juan Du ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
...  

Gentiopicroside (Gent) is promising as an important protective secoiridoid compound against pain. The present study was designed to investigate whether administration of Gent would alleviate the expression of nociceptive behaviors and whether it would cause the relevant electrophysiological changes in a chronic constriction injury (CCI) model of neuropathic pain in mice. Gent was administered from the seventh day after surgery for 8 consecutive days. Behavioral parameters and sciatic functional index were assessed immediately before surgery and on days 7, 8, 10, 12, and 14 post-CCI, and electrophysiological activities of sciatic nerve were recorded immediately after the behavioral test on the last day. The present study has shown that administration of Gent (at a dose of 50 and 100 mg/kg) increased behavioral parameters from day 8 compared with the CCI-NS group. Electrophysiological data indicated that CCI caused a significant reduction in nerve conduction velocities in the sciatic nerves and the amplitudes of compound action potential, while Gent at a dose of 50 or 100 mg/kg caused a significant recovery of electrophysiological changes induced by CCI. Our data indicated that Gent has antinociceptive effects on neuropathic pain induced by CCI.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Medeiros Venancio ◽  
Francisco Walber Ferreira-da-Silva ◽  
Kerly Shamyra da Silva-Alves ◽  
Hugo de Carvalho Pimentel ◽  
Matheus Macêdo Lima ◽  
...  

The racemate linalool and its levogyrus enantiomer [(−)-LIN] are present in many essential oils and possess several pharmacological activities, such as antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory. In this work, the effects of essential oil obtained from the cultivation of theOcimum basilicumL. (EOOb) derived from Germplasm Bank rich in (−)-LIN content in the excitability of peripheral nervous system were studied. We used rat sciatic nerve to investigate the EOOb and (−)-LIN effects on neuron excitability and the extracellular recording technique was used to register the compound action potential (CAP). EOOb and (−)-LIN blocked the CAP in a concentration-dependent way and these effects were reversible after washout. EOOb blocked positive amplitude of 1st and 2nd CAP components with IC50of0.38±0.2and0.17±0.0 mg/mL, respectively. For (−)-LIN, these values were0.23±0.0and0.13±0.0 mg/mL. Both components reduced the conduction velocity of CAP and the 2nd component seems to be more affected than the 1st component. In conclusion EOOb and (−)-LIN inhibited the excitability of peripheral nervous system in a similar way and potency, revealing that the effects of EOOb on excitability are due to the presence of (−)-LIN in the essential oil.


Phytomedicine ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Leal-Cardoso ◽  
M.R. Moreira ◽  
G.M. Pinto da Cruz ◽  
S.M. de Morais ◽  
M.S. Lahlou ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Klausen Oliveira-Abreu ◽  
José Cipolla-Neto ◽  
José Henrique Leal-Cardoso

Diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to complications, the majority of which are nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Redox imbalance and inflammation are important components of the pathophysiology of these complications. Many studies have been conducted to find a specific treatment for these neural complications, and some of them have investigated the therapeutic potential of melatonin (MEL), an anti-inflammatory agent and powerful antioxidant. In the present article, we review studies published over the past 21 years on the therapeutic efficacy of MEL in the treatment of DM-induced neural complications. Reports suggest that there is a real prospect of using MEL as an adjuvant treatment for hypoglycemic agents. However, analysis shows that there is a wide range of approaches regarding the doses used, duration of treatment, and treatment times in relation to the temporal course of DM. This wide range hinders an objective analysis of advances and prospective vision of the paths to be followed for the unequivocal establishment of parameters to be used in an eventual therapeutic validation of MEL in neural complications of DM.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-273
Author(s):  
Kenji Rocha Nakahara, ◽  
João Vytor Pagnussat ◽  
Layane Sanches Fernandes ◽  
Sara Naomi Shimabukuro ◽  
Marise Vilas Boas Pescador

Introdução: Estudos recentes demonstram que a deficiência de ácido fólico (AF) tem sido associada ao diabetes mellitus (DM). Ademais, sugere-se que a suplementação dessa substância opera como efeito neuroprotetor em diversas condições neurológicas, contribuindo inclusive para o reparo de danos a nervos periféricos, essa descoberta vislumbra a possibilidade do desenvolvimento de novas abordagens para a prevenção e tratamento da neuropatia diabética ND. Objetivo: O estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão sobre o papel da suplementação do AF na ND através da análise dos resultados de exames de eletroneuromiografia (ENMG), histopatológicos, laboratoriais e da avaliação clínica realizada em modelos humanos e animais. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão de literatura o qual utilizou bases de dados como PubMed, MEDLINE e LILACS para selecionar artigos entre 2000 e 2019. Foram incluídos os trabalhos com a combinação dos descritores: “folic acid” e “diabetic neuropathy”. Resultados: O estudo com modelos animais avaliou a resposta ao teste do plano inclinado, o qual verifica o desempenho clínico motor dos ratos. Após um mês de ensaio observou-se que o ângulo máximo atingido pelas cobaias que utilizaram placebo foi menor se comparado ao grupo controle (p < 0,001), já aquelas em uso do AF apresentaram um ângulo máximo significativamente maior (p < 0,05). No mesmo trabalho, a ENMG indicou que a cobaias em tratamento com AF apresentaram maior amplitude do potencial de ação muscular composto (PAMC) no nervo isquiático (p < 0,05), enquanto a latência e a duração desse potencial foram menores quando comparadas à amostra que utilizou placebo (p < 0,05). O resultado do exame histopatológico demonstrou que espessura da fibrose epineural foi significativamente menor no grupo com a suplementação, à medida que o fator de crescimento neural estava aumentado nas células de Schwann. Outro trabalho, pioneiro em humanos, avaliou a velocidade de condução nervosa (VCN) em pacientes já portadores de ND, sendo encontrada uma diferença significativa entre os grupos. Verificou-se um acréscimo na amplitude do componente sensorial do nervo sural (p < 0,001), assim como amplitude (p = 0.001) e velocidade (p = 0.001) do componente motor dos nervos tibial e peroneal. A latência inicial apresentou valor reduzido em ambos os nervos (p = 0,011; no nervo tibial e p= 0,019; no nervo peroneal). Conclusão: Nos ensaios citados a maioria dos valores de ENMG, exames laboratoriais, histopatológicos e clínicos expressaram benefícios nos grupos suplementados com AF verificando um possível efeito protetor e de melhora na progressão da doença com o uso da substância. Portanto, estudos com maior número de amostras são necessários para confirmação e extrapolação desses resultados, possibilitando a indicação do AF como medida terapêutica.


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