scholarly journals Collection of VKM Paleofungi

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 402
Author(s):  
Galina Kochkina ◽  
Nataliya Ivanushkina ◽  
Svetlana Ozerskaya
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Information Support ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Microbial Viability ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Permafrost Sediments

A unique collection of paleofungi from permafrost sediments, cryopegs, paleoseeds, and frozen volcanic ash from the Arctic and Antarctic, collected at different depths, was created in All-Russian Collection of Microorganisms (VKM). Some samples are as old as 3 million years. The collection includes psychrotolerant fungi, which have wide adaptive potential and are able to thrive in low-temperature habitats, and fungi that remain viable due to the presence of natural cryoprotectors that ensure the survival of fungal cells during low-temperature preservation in permafrost sediments. The collection contains 780 strains from 79 genera and more than 160 species and is maintained in accordance with international standards of microbial viability preservation and information support.

Multiple-fracturing and viewing of the same frozen sample at different depths using a low temperature FESEM

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 820-821
Author(s):  
M.V. Parthasarathy ◽  
C. Daugherty
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Multiple Fracture ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Cold Stage ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Transfer Device

The versatility of Low Temperature Field Emission SEM (LTFESEM) for viewing frozen-hydrated biological specimens, and the high resolutions that can be obtained with such instruments have been well documented. Studies done with LTFESEM have been usually limited to the viewing of small organisms, organs, cells, and organelles, or viewing such specimens after fracturing them.We use a Hitachi 4500 FESEM equipped with a recently developed BAL-TEC SCE 020 cryopreparation/transfer device for our LTFESEM studies. The SCE 020 is similar in design to the older SCU 020 except that instead of having a dedicated stage, the SCE 020 has a detachable cold stage that mounts on to the FESEM stage when needed. Since the SCE 020 has a precisely controlled lock manipulator for transferring the specimen table from the cryopreparation chamber to the cold stage in the FESEM, and also has a motor driven microtome for precise control of specimen fracture, we have explored the feasibility of using the LTFESEM for multiple-fracture studies of the same sample.

Design Under Arctic Conditions: A Summary of the Arctic Materials Project Guideline

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Marie Horn ◽  
Erling Østby ◽  
Odd Akselsen ◽  
Mons Hauge
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Hydrocarbon Exploration ◽  
Thickness Effect ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Arctic Materials ◽  
Offshore Industry

The main goal of the 10 years Arctic Materials KMB project run by SINTEF (2008–2017) and supported by the industry is to establish criteria and solutions for safe and cost-effective application of materials for hydrocarbon exploration and production in arctic regions. The objective of the arctic materials project guideline (PG) is to assist designers to ensure safe and robust, yet cost-effective, design of offshore structures and structural elements in arctic areas through adequate material testing and requirements to material toughness. It is well known that when the temperature decreases, steel becomes more brittle. To prevent brittle fracture in the Arctic, the structure needs adequate toughness for the loading seen at low temperatures. None of the common offshore design codes today consistently address low temperature applications. In this respect, arctic areas are defined as minimum design temperatures below what current international standards have considered per today, i.e. −10 °C to −14°C. For practical applications, the PG defines arctic areas as minimum design temperature lower than −10 °C. It is acknowledging that design standards to a certain degree are based on operational and qualitative experiences gained by the offshore industry since the 1970’s. However, for arctic offshore facilities, limited operational experiences are gained by the industry. The basis of the guideline is that safe and robust design of structures and structural elements are ensured by combining standard industry practice today with learnings and findings from the 10 years Arctic Materials project. This paper is concerned with the rationale behind the material and test requirements provided in the arctic material guideline. The material requirements will be discussed in detail with emphasis on toughness requirement, constraint effect, thickness effect, acceptance criteria and material qualification criteria.

Type II Ice-Binding Proteins Isolated from an Arctic Microalga Are Similar to Adhesin-Like Proteins and Increase Freezing Tolerance in Transgenic Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 2744-2757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Mi Cho ◽  
Sanghee Kim ◽  
Hojin Cho ◽  
Hyoungseok Lee ◽  
Jun Hyuck Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Ice Recrystallization Inhibition ◽  
Ice Binding ◽  
Antarctic Snow ◽  
Vitro Analysis

Abstract Microalgal ice-binding proteins (IBPs) in the polar region are poorly understood at the genome-wide level, although they are important for cold adaptation. Through the transcriptome study with the Arctic green alga Chloromonas sp. KNF0032, we identified six Chloromonas IBP genes (CmIBPs), homologous with the previously reported IBPs from Antarctic snow alga CCMP681 and Antarctic Chloromonas sp. They were organized with multiple exon/intron structures and low-temperature-responsive cis-elements in their promoters and abundantly expressed at low temperature. The biological functions of three representative CmIBPs (CmIBP1, CmIBP2 and CmIBP3) were tested using in vitro analysis and transgenic plant system. CmIBP1 had the most effective ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) activities in both in vitro and transgenic plants, and CmIBP2 and CmIBP3 had followed. All transgenic plants grown under nonacclimated condition were freezing tolerant, and especially 35S::CmIBP1 plants were most effective. After cold acclimation, only 35S::CmIBP2 plants showed slightly increased freezing tolerance. Structurally, the CmIBPs were predicted to have β-solenoid forms with parallel β-sheets and repeated TXT motifs. The repeated TXT structure of CmIBPs appears similar to the AidA domain-containing adhesin-like proteins from methanogens. We have shown that the AidA domain has IRI activity as CmIBPs and phylogenetic analysis also supported that the AidA domains are monophyletic with ice-binding domain of CmIBPs, and these results suggest that CmIBPs are a type of modified adhesins.

Estimation of the amounts of allophane and other materials in the clay fraction of an Egmont loam profile and other volcanic ash soils, New Zealand

Soil Research ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Russell ◽  
RL Parfitt ◽  
GGC Claridge
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Minor Component ◽  
Selective Dissolution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Infrared Absorption Bands ◽  
Volcanic Ash Soils ◽  
Good Agreement

The allophane content of the clay fraction of six samples taken at different depths in an Egmont loam profile and samples from three other volcanic ash soils has been determined by acid-oxalate dissolution and infrared spectroscopy and the results from the two methods were in good agreement. The tephra that accumulated during 3500-10000 years B.P. (30-80 cm depth) in the Egmont profile had the highest allophane content (about 70% of the clay fraction). The allophane was identified as the proto-imogolite form of allophane. The allophane content of the clay fraction of the top 10 cm of the profile was lower than that of the underlying horizons, and the clay fraction also contained significant amounts of glass, laminar opaline silica, imogolite, and halloysite. A sample from the lower unit of the profile (below 80 cm), derived from tephric loess, contained about 50% allophane in the clay fraction, together with halloysite, gibbsite, chlorite and quartz. Halloysite was recognized in all the samples from infrared absorption bands at 470, 1035 and 1100 cm-1. These bands were enhanced and the other halloysite bands were observed after allophane was removed by selective dissolution in acid-oxalate. Chlorite appeared to be a common minor component of the clay fractions and probably has an aeolian origin.

scholarly journals Valuation of Biological Assets at Fair Value

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
A. O. Beryoza
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
World Market ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
The World

Today the globalisation of the world market leads to the necessity of constructive interaction in the international market and forming common standards of accounting. Transnational corporations as a phenomenon of worldwide integration are businesses with units in different countries of the world. Special issues of information support of management in agricultural organisations have become very important in the conditions of the market economy. Clear and transparent accounting in such enterprises requires the existence of common international standards. Such standards could become International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). They are designed to provide an understanding of financial processes in different countries for the interaction between investors and potential investment projects located in different national accounting systems. The standard “Agriculture” has great importance for the Russian Federation. Agriculture is one of the leading sectors of our country, supplying products for both domestic and foreign market. Accordingly, the adoption of this standard and the implementation of its provisions is an important and urgent issue of today’s economic reality. Introduction of this standard leads to the formation of fundamentally new methodological bases of the accounting of agricultural activities based on the market value of assets because paragraphs 12–13 of this Standard states that during the initial and subsequent valuation of biological assets will be measured at their fair value fewer costs to selling. Thus, the need to allocate biological assets in the separate account-economic category, their reflection in the accounting at fair value by the provisions of IAS 41 has determined the relevance of the topic, goal, objectives and logic of the article.

scholarly journals Increasing the probability of recognizing a target using a two-dimensional image from the sensor of the visible range of the onboard complex of information support for search and rescue operations in the Arctic

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
A. S. Zhdanov ◽  
S. A. Matveev ◽  
Yu. V. Petrov ◽  
S. A. Rudyka ◽  
S. Yu. Strakhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Target Recognition ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Information Support ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Image Brightness ◽  
Television Camera ◽  
Constant Color

The article addresses the task of improving target recognition in onboard information support system for search and rescue operations in the Arctic region. One of the tasks performed by the complex is recognition of objects in twodimensional camera images, which suffer from the loss of the image brightness, being formed by constant brightness principle, with its direct impact on the probability of target recognition. To preserve the brightness of the image, the authors propose to process the primary signals of the camera according to the principle of constant color brightness. The proposed processing can increase the probability of correct target recognition. The paper analyzes the principles of encoding the primary signals of the television camera. For the object recognition problem, the cascades were trained based on the cascade classifier using the principles of constant brightness and constant color brightness. The output of the trained cascades has confirmed that the processing of the primary signals of a television camera based on the principle of constant brightness improves target recognition and therefore will increase the object recognition performance of the complex under development.

scholarly journals On Assessment of Climatic Risks and Vulnerability of Natural and Economic Systems in the Sea Zone of the Russian Arctic

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Soldatenko ◽  
G. V. Alekseev ◽  
N. E. Ivanov ◽  
A. E. Vyazilova ◽  
N. E. Kharlanenkova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Information Support ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Climatic Risks ◽  
The Impact

The article presents an analysis of the impacts of climate change on the natural and economic systems of theArcticand the existing methods for assessing climatic risks. Based on the analysis of the impact of climate change on natural and economic systems and the Arctic population, a register of risks due to climate change has been formed. A conceptual model for assessing the impact of climate change on various systems is proposed. The main problems in the identification of climatic risks in theArcticare identified. Indicators of climate change were selected: the surface air temperature; sea ice extent and the frequency of dangerous hydrometeorological phenomena that affect economic activity in the Arctic sea zone and its individual regions. The assessment methodology of natural and economic systems vulnerabilities in the Russian Arctic sea zone, including susceptibility to impacts, sensitivity and adaptive potential, is considered. These are the key factors on the basis of which the systems vulnerability to climate change is determined, as well as the information support of the processes of assessment and reduction of the consequences of climate threats. The algorithm of the developed methodology for vulnerability determining includes a sequence of 7 steps.

scholarly journals PROVISION OF THE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF THE APPLICANTS OF EDUCATION STUDYING AT THE SPECIALTY “ACCOUNTING AND TAXATION” BY USING THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES OF DISTANCE EDUCATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (25) ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
Myroslava Kulynych ◽  
Anna Safarova ◽  
Yuliia Hladun
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Professional Competencies ◽  
Managerial Accounting

Abstract. The article considers the need to introduce the latest computer technologies into the educational process to contribute to the formation and provision of professional competencies of applicants of education studying the specialty “Accounting and Taxation.” Modern information technologies used in the educational space are considered an essential factor in the interaction between teacher and students. Distance education flexibility, i.e., the ability to study individually, choosing the time, place, and tempo of learning, are precisely the advantages, which are considered while organizing the educational process. The task of academic staff is to provide the students with maximum opportunities to remotely process the proposed material and perform all control exercises conveniently in compliance with the requirements for specific tasks. Distance education can be used as the main form of education for preparing students of the second level of education studying at the specialty “Accounting and Taxation”. To investigate the information support of professional competencies of applicants of education studying at “Accounting and Taxation”, we analyzed the practical experience of bachelors and masters studying the following accounting disciplines at Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University with the use of distance education methods: “Managerial Accounting”, “Forensic accounting expertise”, “Accounting in foreign countries”, “Accounting and Taxation of international transactions”, “Accounting in enterprise management”, “Applied econometrics”, “International standards of accounting and financial reporting”, “Financial reporting consolidation”.  The educational material allocation and access to it took place using standard software tools. The type of courses and features of the work organization depends on the format of a course chosen at its creation and adjustment stage. During the development of distance learning courses in the modern educational space, more attention is paid to the information environment service – “Moodle”.

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