scholarly journals Morphological features of the lymphatic channel of lymph nodes of in Domestic Bull (Bos taurus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
P. M. Gavrilin ◽  
M. V. Kravtsova
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Lymphatic Channel

scholarly journals Considering the question about spinal liqiud's outflow to the lymphatic channel

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (3(2)) ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
Ya. M. Pesin ◽  
N. K. Omorov ◽  
B. M. Doronin
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Lymphatic Channel ◽  
Left And Right

The interstitial fluid drains from the cerebral hemisphere to the same named deep neck's lymph nodes in perineural spaces. The spinal liquid drains from the subarahnoid spase to left and right neck area's lymph nodes.

scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii in experimentally infected Bos taurus and Bos indicus semen and tissues

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Scarpelli ◽  
Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes ◽  
Matheus Migani ◽  
Katia Denise Saraiva Bresciani ◽  
Alvimar José da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Skeletal Musculature ◽  
Bovine Species ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody

Eighteen young steers were inoculated with Toxoplasma gondii and randomly distributed into three groups of six animals each: GI, 2.5x10(5) "P" strain oocysts, GII, 5.0x10(6) "RH" strain tachyzoites, and GIII (Control). Clinical, serological and parasitemia exams were realized. Parasite investigation by bioassay and PCR was realized on semen and fragments of skeletal musculature, lymph nodes, brain, retina, spleen, liver, lung, testicle, epididymis and seminal vesicle. Blood and semen samples were collected on days -2, -1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and weekly thereafter, up to postinfection day (PID) 84. The inoculated steers (GI and GII) presented hyperthermia from PID 3 to 16. Antibodies against T. gondii were detected through the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) on PID 5 (1:16) in both inoculated groups (oocysts and tachyzoites), reaching peaks of 1:4096 on PID 7. Parasitemia outbursts occurred in all infected bovines, principally from PID 7 to 28, independent of the strain and inoculate used. Bioassays revealed the presence of parasites in semen samples of animals infected with oocysts (GI) and tachyzoites (GII) on several experimental days between PID 7 and 84. Tissue parasitism by T. gondii was diagnosed by bioassay and the PCR technique in several organ and tissue fragments. These findings suggest the possibility of sexual transmission of T. gondii in the bovine species.

scholarly journals Use of Quantitative Morphological and Functional Features for Assessment of Axillary Lymph Node in Breast Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Fusco ◽  
Mario Sansone ◽  
Vincenza Granata ◽  
Maurizio Di Bonito ◽  
Franca Avino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Axillary Lymph Node ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Dynamic Features ◽  
Metastatic Lymph Nodes ◽  
Metastatic Lymph ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Functional Features

Background. Axillary lymph-node assessment is considered one of the most important prognostic factors concerning breast cancer survival. Objective. We investigated the discriminative power of morphological and functional features in assessing the axillary lymph node. Methods. We retrospectively analysed data from 52 consecutive patients who undergone DCE-MRI and were diagnosed with primary breast carcinoma: 94 lymph nodes were identified. Per each lymph node, we extracted morphological features: circularity, compactness, convexity, curvature, elongation, diameter, eccentricity, irregularity, radial length, entropy, rectangularity, roughness, smoothness, sphericity, spiculation, surface, and volume. Moreover, we extracted functional features: time to peak (TTP), maximum signal difference (MSD), wash-in intercept (WII), wash-out intercept (WOI), wash-in slope (WIS), wash-out slope (WOS), area under gadolinium curve (AUGC), area under wash-in (AUWI), and area under wash-out (AUWO). Selection of important features in predicting metastasis has been done by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Performance of linear discriminant analysis was analysed. Results. All morphological features but circularity showed a significant difference between median values of metastatic lymph nodes group and nonmetastatic lymph nodes group. All dynamic parameters except for MSD and WOS showed a statistically significant difference between median values of metastatic lymph nodes group and nonmetastatic lymph nodes group. Best results for discrimination of metastatic and nonmetastatic lymph nodes were obtained by AUGC (accuracy 75.8%), WIS (accuracy 71.0%), WOS (accuracy 71.0%), and AUCWO (accuracy 72.6%) for dynamic features and by compactness (accuracy 82.3%), curvature (accuracy 71.0%), radial length (accuracy 71.0%), roughness (accuracy 74.2%), smoothness (accuracy 77.2%), and speculation (accuracy 72.6%) for morphological features. Linear combination of all morphological and/or of all dynamic features did not increase accuracy in metastatic lymph nodes discrimination. Conclusions. Compactness as morphological feature and area under time-intensity curve as dynamic feature were the best parameters in identifying metastatic lymph nodes on breast MRI.

scholarly journals Morphogenesis of limph nodes in Muscovy ducks during early posnatal onthogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 266-273
Author(s):  
O.G. Gavrilina ◽  
L.V. Perotskaya ◽  
N.V. Alekseeva
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Relative Area ◽  
Lymphatic Tissue ◽  
Lymphatic Channel ◽  
Absolute Mass ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation ◽  
Functional Transformations ◽  
Lymphatic Organs

The dynamics of mass and linear parameters of lymph nodes of ducks is a direct reflection of structural and functional transformations of their lymphatic parenchyma. The peculiarities of quantitative dynamics of tissue components of peripheral lymphatic organs at early stages of postnatal ontogenesis are to a great extent determined by advanced growth rates of their absolute mass against the background of sharp increase of their antigenic stimulation intensity. Parenchyma of lymph nodes of newborn ducklings is characterized by relatively low degree of differentiation and is represented by diffuse lymphatic tissue with no pronounced signs of its division into separate functional zones. Internally, the lymphatic channel is represented by only two lymphatic sinuses - the central one, which is located in the central part of the organ and occupies a large relative area and a discrete edge sinus, which borders on the node capsule and has a much smaller relative area and, accordingly, is located at its periphery. The organ parenchyma is a diffuse cluster of stromal and lymphatic cells in the enlarged lymphatic vessel between the central (inner) and edge (outer) lymphatic sinuses, without signs of its division into cortical and brain matter. Among the lymphatic tissue of the lymph node, reticular stroma cells and the population of small lymphocytes have the largest relative amount.

scholarly journals Clinical and Morphological Features of Different Variants Castleman's Disease

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 5591-5591
Author(s):  
Anait L. Melikyan ◽  
Elena K. Egorova ◽  
Alla M. Kovrigina ◽  
Irina N. Subortseva ◽  
Elena A. Gilyazitdinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Initial Diagnosis ◽  
Plasmablastic Lymphoma ◽  
Sustained Remission ◽  
Mixed Cell ◽  
Gender Distribution ◽  
Clinical Records

Abstract Background: Castleman' s disease (CD) is rare lymphoproliferative disorder with long asymptomatic current and high risk of transformation in malignant lymphoma. For last years, diagnostics of CD improved and uniform classification of an illness was accepted. Depending on morphological features allocate 3 variant of CD: hyaline-vascular (HVV), plasma cell (PCV) and mixed cell. Most cases of the ÑD involve a single or localized group of lymph nodes and can be asymptomatic. In these cases the histologic picture can be characterized as a HVV or mixed cell and PCV morphology. Less often the disease proceeds with multiple lymphoid regions (multicentric CD, MCD) and is usually accompanied by various systemic inflammatory symptoms (fever, weight loss and night sweats). In these cases histologic picture in the involved lymph nodes meet mix cell or PCV of CD. The role of a human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8) in pathogenesis of MCD is studied. It is known that HHV-8 codes in a genome of a cell of the person some regulatory proteins and cytokines, first of all a virus homolog interleukin-6 which stimulates development of human IL-6 and endothelial factor of growth that conducts to a neoangiogenesis in not tumoral lymph nodes. HHV-8-positive MCD allocate separately in due to its extremely aggressive course and a high risk of transformation into HHV-8-positive plasmablastic lymphoma. Aim: Explore the features of a clinical current and of therapeutic approaches at different variants CD. Patients and Methods: In Center for Hematology since 1996 to the present time observed clinical and morphological features of 76 pts with CD. Clinical data were obtained during the retrospective analysis of 17 outpatient clinical records and prospective supervision over 59 pts. The diagnosis was established from results of histological and immunohistochemical examinations of removed lymph nodes in all cases. Frequency analyses were performed using z-tests with SAS 9.1 software. Results: HVV with local lymph nodes involvement was diagnosed in 38 (50%) pts. The average age of pts was 40 years The PCV was also observed in 38 (50%) cases, among them in 17 (22%) pts were found to have local involvement and 21 (28%) had multicentric involvement. Five (24%) pts with MCD were established to be infected with human herpesvirus type 8. Male (37 pts) and female (39 pts) are suffering with an identical frequency. However, HVV is more often diagnosed for female, than at male (71% to 29% respectively), PCV equally often meets both at male, and at female (47% of male, 53% of female) and, at last, at MCD the share of male statistically significantly is more than share of female (86% against 14%, p=0,05) (Figure 1). The basic involvement areas in local HVV and PCV were peripheral (38%), mediastinal (29%), retroperitoneal (18%) abdominal (9%) and small pelvic (6%) lymph nodes (95% CI). Local HVV and PCV proceed benign and in 94.5% of cases are cured by surgical removal of lymph nodes involved in the pathological process, in 5.5% of cases with inoperable cases require followed by radiation therapy. MCD was significantly more common in male, occurs aggressively with severe constitutional symptoms, generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, hypergammaglobulinemia, autoimmune hemolysis, thrombocytopenia, and involvement of extranodal foci in the pathological process. MCD transformation to plasmoblastic lymphoma was observed in 4 of 5 HHV8-positive pts and followed by a poor outcome. The prognosis of untreated MCD was unfavorable. In a number of cases prednisolone monotherapy worsened and the MCD pts receiving timely R-CHOP or R-VD chemotherapy could achieve sustained remission (the 5-year OS was 55%). Conclusion: The prognosis of HVV and local PCV is favorable: the disease is surgically cured in 95% of cases. Chemotherapy according to the program of Non-Hodgkins Lymphomas indicated for the treatment of MCD: sustained remission can be achieved by the use of R-CHOP or R-VD programs. HHV8-positive MCD characterized by high risk disease transformation to incurable plasmablastic lymphoma. Overall, prognosis and therapy choice in HIV-negative pts with CD depend on the histological type of the disease, the extent of a tumor and HHV-8 infection. Figure 1. Gender distribution for three variants of CD; there is male-female imbalance in HVV and MCD groups (z-test, ð<0.05); analysis based on initial diagnosis data. Figure 1. Gender distribution for three variants of CD; there is male-female imbalance in HVV and MCD groups (z-test, ð<0.05); analysis based on initial diagnosis data. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals The compartments of the parenchyma of the lymph nodes in newborn bull calves of domestic cattle (Bos taurus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178
Author(s):  
P. N. Gavrilin ◽  
О. G. Gavrilina ◽  
M. V. Kravtsovа
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Lymphocyte Migration ◽  
Clonal Proliferation ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
High Level ◽  
Medullary Cords

The article analyzes the features of the structure of the lymphoid lobules of the parenchyma of the superficial somatic (Limphonodi subiliaci, L. cervicales superficiales), profund somatic (L. axillares proprii L. poplitei), somatovisceral (L. iliaci mediales, L. retropharyngei mediales) and visceral (L. mediastinales caudales, L. ileocolici) lymph nodes of newborn bull calves of domestic cattle. To visualize clearly the boundaries of the structural components of lymphoid lobules we used the author’s modification of the impregnation of total median frozen histological sections with silver nitrate. We have established a high level of tissue differentiation of the lymph nodes, a significant development of the lymphoid parenchyma, the division of the parenchyma into lymphoid lobules, the presence in the lobules of all the main structural components that are represented by two morphotypes. The first morphotype is ribbon-like perisinusoidal cords (interfollicular zone, paracortical and medullary cords). The second morphotype is rounded lymphoid formations (central zones of deep cortex units, lymphatic nodules). Lymphoid lobules are located along the marginal sinus in one row, they are better developed and differentiated in the visceral lymph nodes. In all the lymph nodes, the lymphoid lobules have a similar histoarchitectonic, and each structural component of the lymphoid lobules has a specific architectonic of the reticular meshwork and the density of the location of the fibroblastic reticulocytes. We determined that the structures of the first morphotype which provide the migration of lymphocytes, the detection of antigens and the accumulation of plasmocytes are more developed. We have established that the relative volume of structures of the first morphotype is 4.5–8.0 times larger than the volume of the structures of the second morphotype, which provide clonal proliferation of T and B lymphocytes, especially in deep somatic lymph nodes. Among the zones of the second morphotype, predominate T-dependent zones, the relative volume of which considerably exceeds the volume of B-dependent zones (lymphoid nodules): in the superficial somatic lymph nodes by 14–30 times, profound somatic by 12–14 times, somatovisceral by 6–7 times and visceral by 4.5–5.5 times. We determined that lymphatic nodules can form in different parts of compartments: in the interfollicular zone and paracortical cords of all lymph nodes and in the medullary cords of the visceral lymph nodes. The study shows that the parenchyma of the lymph nodes of newborn bull calves has a high degree of maturity, contains a full set of structural markers of immunocompetence, among which predominate the components that support lymphocyte migration, antigen detection and accumulation of plasma cells.

scholarly journals До особливостей лімфатичного русла травної трубки дрібної рогатої худоби

2015 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Н. Б. Колич ◽  
М. В. Скрипка
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Capillary Network ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymphatic Channel ◽  
Pancreatic Lymph Node ◽  
Different Parts

Від слизової оболонки різних ділянок ротової порожнини відтік лімфи здійснюється поверхневим і глибокими лімфатичними судинами в реґіонарні лімфовузли. Слизова та м’язова оболонки передшлунків має добре розвинене лімфатичне русло, що складається зі звивистих капілярів зі сліпими виростами. У серозній оболонці розташовуються лімфатичні капіляри з колбоподібними виступами. Капіляри, з'єднуючись між собою, формують капілярну сітку. Відтік лімфи з реґіонарних лімфатичних вузлів книжки до 70 % завершуються в передшлунковому лімфатичному вузлі. From the mucous membrane of the different parts of oral cavity the outflow of lymph is carried out by superficial and deep lymphatic vessels to regional lymph nodes. The mucous and muscular membranes of proventriculus have well developed lymphatic channel, consisting of meandering capillaries with blind outgrowths. The lymphatic capillaries with flask-shaped protrusions are located in serosa. The capillaries, interconnecting with each other, form a capillary network. In 70 % of cases the outflow of lymph from the omasum regional lymph nodes is completed in pancreatic lymph node.

scholarly journals Гистоархитектоника паренхимы лимфатических узлов млекопитающих с различными типами строения внутриузлового лимфатического русла

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.N. Gavrilin ◽  
E.G. Gavrilina ◽  
V.V. Evert
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Lymphatic Channel ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Clonal Proliferation ◽  
Medullary Cords

<p>The article analyzes the features of the histoarchitectonics of the lymph nodes of the bull (Bos taurus) and the pig (Sus scrofa domestica), depending on the type of structure and localization of the intranodal lymphatic channel. We studied somatic (Limphonodi (L.) cervicales superficiales) and visceral (L. jejunales) lymph nodes of clinically healthy mature male bulls and swine (16 and 6 months old, respectively). A complex of classical histological techniques was used, as well as the method of impregnating sections of lymph nodes with silver nitrate, modified by the authors. The main accumulative-distribution link in the lymph nodes of the bull is the subcapsular sinus (type I lymphatic collector), and in the lymph nodes of the pig - the capsular (intratrabecular) lymphatic tanks (type II lymphatic colector). In nodes with collectors of type I, the cortex has a simple layered structure, its outer layer is formed by a compact cortical plateau (interfollicular zone), and the inner layer is formed by a complex of spherical units of the deep cortex. In nodes with collectors of type II, the cortex is layered-folded, uneven in width. Cortical folds are formed along the capsular trabeculae with intratrabecular lymphatic tanks. The cortex plateau in the layered-folded cortex is more developed at the base of the folds, and the units of the deep cortex are at their apexes, where they form clusters in the form of specific nest-shaped structures. In nodes, regardless of the type of intranodal lymphatic channel, the surface cortex (cortical plateau) is located directly under the underlying lymphatic collectors, repeating their shape, the zones of clonal proliferation of B-lymphocytes are formed along the main collector on the basis of cortical plateau and its derivative structures (on the basis of paracortical and medullary cords). The zones of proliferation of T-lymphocytes are maximally close to the main collector, separated from it by a strip of cortical plateau, form a complex of spherical thickenings, which together form a deep cortex. The stroma and parenchyma are more developed in the nodes with collectors of type II (cumulative relative volume of stroma – 9-14% and 6-10%, parenchyma – 80-87% and 70-81%, respectively), and lymphatic sinuses - in nodes with collectors of I type (13-20% and 4-6% respectively). In the parenchyma of the lymph nodes of both groups, the zones of proliferation of T-lymphocytes predominate (the centers of deep cortex units are 27-42%), as well as the zones of accumulation of plasma cells and antibody formation (medullary cords – 17-29%), the first of which are more developed in the pig, and the latter at the nodes of the bull. The cumulative relative volume of the interfollicular zone (cortical plateau) in the studied nodes does not exceed 6-11%, and the zone of clonal proliferation of B lymphocytes (lymph nodulus) is 5-14%. These zones are more developed in the lymph nodes of the pig. Paracortical cords have the minimum and practically equivalent relative volume in the nodes of both groups (3-5%). The study shows that the principles of localization of the main specialized cellular zones in the lymph nodes of the domestic bull and the pig are universal, and the histoarchitectonics of the parenchyma has a clearly expressed specificity. Features of the histoarchitectonics of the parenchyma and its quantitative characteristics are determined by the type of structure of the intranodal lymphatic channel (the character of the localization and spatial configuration of the main accumulative-distributive unit of the nodes). </p>

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