scholarly journals The investigation of coagulation activity of natural coagulants extracted from different strains of common bean

2010 ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Sciban ◽  
Mirjana Vasic ◽  
Jelena Prodanovic ◽  
Mirjana Antov ◽  
Mile Klasnja
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Ground Sample ◽  
Organic Matter Concentration ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Different Strains

Coagulation and flocculation by adding chemicals are the methods that are usually used for removal of water turbidity. This study is concerned with the coagulation activity of extracts of various strains of bean. The aim was to ascertain if bean varieties influence coagulation activity. Active components were extracted from 1 g of ground sample with 100 ml distilled water. Contents of dry matter and nitrogen were specified in the solid samples, and the content of soluble nitrogen was determined in the extracts. These data were used to calculate the efficiency of extraction of nitrogen-containing compounds. The coagulation activity was assessed by jar test using synthetic turbid water, of the initial pH 9 and turbidity 35 NTU. The jar test was carried out by adding different amounts of extracts to model water, and stirring the content. After sedimentation for 1 h, residual turbidity was determined by turbidimeter and coagulation activity was calculated. The increment of organic matter concentration after the coagulation was also determined. These experiments confirmed that extracts of all investigated strains of bean could be used successfully as natural coagulants.

scholarly journals Investigation of coagulation activity of natural coagulants from seeds of different leguminose species

2005 ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Sciban ◽  
Mile Klasnja ◽  
Jelena Stojimirovic
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Natural Coagulants

The ability of seeds of plants: Phaseolus vulgaris, Robinia pseudoacacia Ceratonia siliqua and Amorpha fruticosa, to act as natural coagulants was tested using synthetic turbid water. This water was prepared by adding kaolin into tap water, just before the test. Active components were extracted from ground seeds with distilled water. The coagulation ability of this extract was assessed by the use of standard jar test measurements in water with various initial turbidity. Investigation of these natural coagulants was confirmed their positive coagulation activity. Of all plants that have been examined, the seed extract from Ceratonia siliqua appeared to be one of the most effective coagulants for water treatment. A dose of 20 mg/l of this coagulant resulted in 100% coagulation activity for clarification of water with 17.5 NTU initial turbidity.

scholarly journals Competence of blended coagulants for surface water treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vara Saritha ◽  
Manoj Kumar Karnena ◽  
Bhavya Kavitha Dwarapureddi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Test Apparatus ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Floc Size ◽  
Surface Water Treatment ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Surface Water Samples

AbstractOwing to the advantages of the natural coagulants under study, the present objective is to study the efficiency of blended coagulants: alum and chitin; alum and sago; and alum + chitin + sago. In this attempt, we have reduced the quantity of alum dose and added increasing quantities of the natural coagulants. The surface water samples collected from nearby sources were analyzed for the following parameters pre- and post-treatment with the coagulants. Coagulation and flocculation experiments were carried out using conventional jar test apparatus. Turbidity removal was observed to be nearly 99.29% at all pH ranges and doses. Removal of conductivity, solids and hardness was 58.83%, 32.03% and 33.33%, respectively. From the results obtained, it can be observed that the efficiency of blended coagulants in removal of various physicochemical parameters from the waters was better when compared to individual coagulants. The floc size in blend coagulants was larger than that of single coagulants. The data obtained in this study indicated the coagulation efficiency could be enhanced by using the blend coagulant.

scholarly journals A Study on the Relative Performance of Different Coagulants and the Kinetics of COD in the Treatment of a Textile Bleaching and Dyeing Industrial Wastewater

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1 & 2) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilheliza A. Baraoidan ◽  
Lin Lin Tun ◽  
Pag-asa D. Gaspillo ◽  
Masaaki . Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Sulfate ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Polyaluminum Chloride ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Kinetics Of

Untreated wastewater from textile industries when discharged to nearby waterways would cause considerable health concerns to humans and animal life and to the host environment. They contain various chemicals such as dyes, detergents and surfactants, some of which are recalcitrant to biodegradation. Such wastewater can be better remediated by chemical treatment. The treatment of a textile bleaching and dyeing industrial wastewater was done by Coagulation and Flocculation Method using a jar test apparatus. Alum, polyaluminum chloride (PAC), and ferrous sulfate were used in separate runs as coagulants, while excelfloc 264 (a polyacrylamide copolymer) was used as flocculant. Preliminary tests were first conducted to determine the appropriate coagulation and flocculation agitation rates and settling time. The initial pH of the sample effluent was varied from 5 to 8 for alum coagulation, 5 to 8.5 for PAC coagulation and 9 to 11 for ferrous sulfate coagulation. The dosages of each coagulant and the excelfloc were varied from 200 to 1000 ppm, and 0.5 to 2.5 ppm, respectively. Experimental results showed that the optimum initial pH of the wastewater using alum, PAC, and ferrous sulfate were 7, 7.5, and 10, respectively. The optimum dosages of the coagulants were found to be 600ppm for alum and 800ppm for both PAC, and ferrous sulfate. The optimum flocculant dosages were 1.5ppm with alum, 1 ppm with PAC and 2ppm with ferrous sulfate. The highest percentage removal of COD, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), chromium, and color were found to be 58.55%, 65%, 36.51%, 76.45%, and 78.96%, respectively, using alum: 65.4%, 67.5%, 35.84%, 44.92%, and 75.49%, respectively using PAC; and, 55.72%, 34.16%, 33.95%, 19.88%, and 48.56%, respectively, using ferrous sulfate. Among the three coagulants tried, coagulation with PAC gave the highest percentage of COD removal of 65.64% and TSS removal of 67.5% while alum gave the highest removal of both chromium and color at 76.45% and 94.49%, respectively. Rapid and slow agitation rates used were 240rpm for 1 minute and 40rpm for 20 minutes, respectively; while settling time was 30 minutes. Kinetics of the COD removal was studied at the optimum conditions. Kinetic model, determined by curve fitting with the coagulation/flocculation reaction, was observed to follow a first-order rate of reaction.

scholarly journals Influence of the composition of common bean extracts on their coagulation ability

2011 ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Kukic ◽  
Marina Sciban ◽  
Aleksandra Tepic ◽  
Jelena Prodanovic
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Phenolics Content

Coagulation and flocculation are the most used methods for removal of turbidity of water. Recently, many studies have focused on the investigation of natural coagulants for this purpose. In view of the fact that extracts of common bean have coagulation activity, this study is concerned with the chemical composition of these extracts and their influence on the coagulation activity. Extraction was conducted with distilled water, 0.5M NaCl and 1M NaCl and total sugars content, proteins, phytic acid and total phenolics content and their coagulation activity were determined in the obtained extracts. These experiments confirmed that an extraction time of 10 minutes is sufficient for the extraction of active coagulant components from common bean seeds and that water is satisfactorily efficient and most economical solvent.

scholarly journals Karakterisasi Ekstrak Tapioka dan Tapioka Ionik sebagai Biokoagulan dalam Proses Pengolahan Air

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Eka Prihatinningtyas ◽  
Agus Jatnika Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Isoelectric Point ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Coagulation Process ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Artificial Water

ABSTRACTThe ability of tapioca to act as natural coagulants (biocoagulants) was tested using artificial water. As turbidity was added as kaolin. This research aimed to determine the compounds and or groups that act as natural coagulant and to describe the mechanism of flocculation: extraction which yields tapioca extract and ion exchange which yields ionic tapioca. Coagulation process was performed at three different initial turbidities, i.e. 50 NTU (low turbidities), 150 NTU (middle turbidities) and 300 NTU (high initial turbidites). At the same condition (coagulant dose 20 ppmv, pH 5), ionic tapioca yield better turbidity removal compared tapioca extract i.e 11.2% at low initial turbidites; 2.4% at middle initial turbidities and 12.8% at high initial turbidities. FTIR analysis  showed that tapioca extract and ionic tapioca contained of carboxyl, hydroxyl and amides groups which  can act as active components on coagulation process. The presence of those groups caused positive and negative charges (amphoter). Coagulation process ran efficiently at pH 5 because the isoelectric point is obtained at that condition.Keyword : bio coagulants, coagulation,  coagulant agents, ionic tapioca, tapioca extract,ABSTRAK Kemampuan tepung tapioka sebagai koagulan alami (biokoagulan) telah diuji dengan menggunakan limbah artifisial dari kaolin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan senyawa atau gugus yang berperan sebagai biokoagulan dan menjelaskan mekanisme flokulasi yang terjadi. Perlakuan awal tapioca sebelum digunakan sebagai koagulan adalah ekstraksi yang menghasilkan ekstrak tapioka  dan pertukaran ion  yang menghasilkan tapioka ionik. Proses koagulasi dilakukan pada 3 macam kekeruhan awal yaitu 50 NTU (kekeruhan rendah), 150 NTU (kekeruhan sedang) dan 300 NTU (kekeruhan tinggi). Pada kondisi operasi yang sama (dosis 20 ppmv dan pH 5), tapioka ionik memberikan efisiensi penurunan kekeruhan yang lebih tinggi, yaitu sebesar 11,0% pada kekeruhan awal 50 NTU; 2,4% pada kekeruhan awal 150 NTU dan 12,8% pada kekeruhan awal 300 NTU. Hasil analisa FTIR menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak tapioka dan tapioka ionik mempunyai gugus karboksil (-OH), gugus karboksil (-COOH) dan gugus amida (-CONH2). Keberadaan ketiga gugus tersebut menyebabkan biokoagulan ini memiliki muatan positif dan negatif sekaligus (amfoter). Proses koagulasi berjalan dengan efisien pada pH 5 karena titik isoelektrik diperoleh pada pH tersebut. Kata kunci : biokoagulan, koagulasi, agen koagulan, ekstrak tapioka, tapioka ionik

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF THE DRINKING WATER TREATMENT PROCESS OF A SUGAR PLANT STATION IN COTE DIVOIRE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 512-524
Author(s):  
Konan Lopez Kouame ◽  
◽  
Nogbou Emmanuel Assidjo ◽  
Andre Kone Ariban ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation

This article presents an optimization of the drinking water treatment process at the SUCRIVOIRE treatment station. The objective is to optimize the coagulation and flocculation process (fundamental process of the treatment of said plant)by determining the optimal dosages of the products injected and then proposes a program for calculating the optimal dose of coagulant in order to automatically determine the optimal dose of the latter according to the raw water quality. This contribution has the advantage of saving the user from any calculations the latter simply enters the characteristics of the raw effluent using the physical interface of the program in order to obtain the optimum corresponding coagulant concentration. For the determination of the optimal coagulant doses, we performed Jar-Test flocculation tests in the laboratory over a period of three months. The results made it possible to set up a polynomial regression model of the optimal dose of alumina sulfate as a function of the raw water parameters. A program for calculating the optimal dose of coagulant was carried out on Visual Basic. The optimal doses of coagulant obtained vary from 25, 35, 40 and 45 mg/l depending on the characteristics of the raw effluent. The model obtained is: . Finally, verification tests were carried out using this model on the process. The results obtained meet the WHO drinkability standards for all parameters for a settling time of two hours.

Screening and evaluation of natural coagulants for water treatment

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.R. Gunaratna ◽  
B. Garcia ◽  
S. Andersson ◽  
G. Dalhammar
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Red Bean ◽  
Fast Flow ◽  
Synthetic Clay

In developing countries many people are forced to drink turbid water and as a consequence many children are dying related to water borne diseases. Hence there is a need for inexpensive and easy methods to purify drinking water. The objective of this research is to screen different plant seeds to find a primary natural coagulant able to reduce the turbidity of the drinking water. The protein from 21 different seeds was extracted with water and salt solution and coagulation properties in synthetic clay solution were studied. The crude extract of Moringa oleifera (MO) showed the same coagulation activity as that of alum. The protein from red bean, sugar maize and red maize were promising in having coagulation activity, compared with a known coagulant protein from MO. These seeds were selected and purified to homogeneity with fast flow Sepharose ion exchange chromatography and the properties of the purified proteins were characterized. The characteristics of these coagulant proteins are different from MO protein based on molecular weight and ionic determinations. The coagulant proteins were temperature tolerant and can withstand temperature of around 85 °C and maintain the coagulation activity. The seeds identified as a coagulant source could be used as an alternative to chemicals for drinking water clarification.

scholarly journals Aloe vera as a natural flocculant for palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment - characterisation and optimisation studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 1195 (1) ◽  
pp. 012035
Author(s):  
R L Chu ◽  
S Vasanthi ◽  
S Anurita
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Central Composite

Abstract In the present study, fenugreek and aloe vera were investigated for the removal of turbidity (TUR), total suspended solids (TSS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from POME by using a central composite design (CCD) in the Design Expert software. The effects of three factors such as pH, coagulant dosage and flocculant dosage were analysed using jar test experiment and optimised using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum results obtained from process optimisation analysis were pH 4, 24.13 g of coagulant dosage and 20 ml of flocculant dosage that are sufficient to remove 82.78 % of TUR, 83.40 % of TSS and 32.95 % of COD. The maximum error between the optimised values and the experimental values (82.78 % for TUR, 83.08 % for TSS and 33.76 % for COD) were below 4 %, indicating that satisfactory agreement was achieved. This showed that modelling and optimisation of the coagulation-flocculation process can be achieved by RSM approach. From analytical studies, it was found that the interactions between coagulant-flocculant and colloidal particles involve the mechanisms of charge neutralisation, adsorption and bridging, due to the active components such as amine (N-H) and hydroxyl (O-H) groups contained in the fenugreek and aloe vera.

scholarly journals Ultrafiltration as a simple purification method of a water extract of common bean seed as a natural coagulant

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-220
Author(s):  
Jelena Prodanovic ◽  
Bojana Saric ◽  
Marina Sciban ◽  
Dragana Kukic ◽  
Vesna Vasic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Bean Seed ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Model Water

Natural coagulants from a crude water extract of common bean seed showed very good efficiency of turbidity removal from water of ~89 % under optimal coagulation conditions, which were determined using response surface methodology (RSM). However, they also increased the content of organic matter in treated model water by ~66 %, which is the main drawback of usage of natural coagulants, in general. Thus, ultrafiltration was applied for processing of the crude water extract in order to separate biomolecules, which exhibit the coagulation activity. Four fractions obtained by ultrafiltration were applied in coagulation tests under the same conditions as the crude extract, and the 4th fraction (molecules with molecular weights >30 kDa) with the predominant content of proteins with molecular weights 50 - 60 kDa, achieved almost as high efficiency of turbidity removal (75 %) as the crude extract. At the same time, the content of organic matter in treated water increased just for 16 % in comparison to the blank (model water processed in the same way but without coagulant). After optimization of process parameters by RSM for usage of the 4th fraction, the coagulation activity increased further to 80 %.

scholarly journals Treatment of sugar beet extraction juice stillage by natural coagulants extracted from common bean

2015 ◽  
pp. 77-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Prodanovic ◽  
Marina Sciban ◽  
Mirjana Antov ◽  
Dragana Kukic ◽  
Vesna Vasic
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Distillery Wastewater ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Potential Alternative

Distillery wastewaters have a great pollution potential, and pollution caused by them is one of the most critical environmental issues. This study is concerned with the coagulation efficiency of a new, environmental friendly, natural coagulant extracted from common bean seeds in the primary treatment of distillery wastewater in the bioethanol production from sugar beet juice. Active coagulation components were extracted from ground seeds of common bean with 0.5 mol/L NaCl. The obtained raw extract was used as a coagulant. The coagulation efficiency was measured by jar test at different pH values of wastewater, and a decrease in organic matter content was determined. The experiments confirmed that natural coagulant from common bean could be successfully used for the treatment of extraction juice distillery wastewater. The highest coagulation efficiencies were achieved at the pH 5.2 with a coagulant dose of 30 mL/L, and at the pH 8.5 with a coagulant dose of 5 mL/L, and they were 64.71% and 68.75% respectively. These encouraging results indicate that natural coagulant from common bean seeds is a potential alternative to conventional chemical coagulant/flocculant agents for treatment of wastewaters.

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