scholarly journals Land Use Mix and Pedestrian Travel Behavior: Advancements in Conceptualization and Measurement

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Gehrke
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
Pedestrian Travel

Pedestrian Travel Potential in Northern New Jersey: A Metropolitan Planning Organization’s Approach to Identifying Investment Priorities

2000 ◽  
Vol 1705 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted M. Matley ◽  
Lois M. Goldman ◽  
Brian J. Fineman
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
Cooperative Approach ◽  
The North ◽  
Metropolitan Planning ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
Pedestrian Travel ◽  
State And Local

At metropolitan planning organizations such as the North Jersey Transportation Planning Authority (NJTPA), planning investments to support pedestrian trips for a large and diverse metropolitan area would be an intractable challenge without an open, coordinated, and cooperative approach and a strong information foundation. To address this challenge, NJTPA has adopted an innovative approach using regional analysis and priority setting to guide planning activity for a very local scale. The design and initial applications of this approach are described. Areas with proximity and connectivity features supporting pedestrian activity were identified using data available at the regional level. The data were analyzed within a pedestrian potential index (PPI) comprising four key indicators: population densities, employment densities, land use mix, and street network density, all analyzed at the census tract level. Thresholds were set to begin to find priority areas in which investment in pedestrian strategies would be more likely to generate a high return in terms of walking trips generated. The analysis also allows local planners to understand how their communities compare in relative levels of density, land use mix, and network connectivity. This information can help planners identify areas for planning activities that would address these factors and encourage walking trips. With the first results from application of the PPI, NJTPA has solicited feedback from state and local planning partners. With subsequent refinement, this analysis will be finalized for the region and incorporated in the next update of the NJTPA Regional Transportation Plan.

Influence of Environmental Design on Pedestrian Travel Behavior in Four Austin Neighborhoods

1997 ◽  
Vol 1578 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Shriver
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Pedestrian Travel ◽  
Similar Density

Results of a pedestrian survey conducted in two pairs of Austin, Texas, neighborhoods that possess either pedestrian-oriented or automobile-oriented transportation system, land use, and design characteristics but similar density, housing, and sociodemographic characteristics are reported. Survey results identify the influence of contrasting neighborhood forms on structural characteristics of walk-activity patterns and attitudes as mediated by personal characteristics. Walk-activity patterns significantly vary between neighborhoods with different accessibility characteristics. In the physically accessible neighborhoods, walks are predominantly short and frequent utilitarian trips that involve more secondary activities. Activity in the less accessible neighborhoods is characterized by longer, less frequent recreational walks that involve fewer secondary activities. Results support the conclusion that neighborhood transportation, land use, and design characteristics influence walk distance, duration, purpose, and number of secondary activities. The importance of walking in general and for specific purposes also varies with the relative levels of environmental variables. In the traditional neighborhoods, walkable distances, access to transit, shops, and work are more important, as is the opportunity to be outdoors. In the modern neighborhoods, walkway continuity, trees, and interesting things to look at are more important environmental attributes, as is the opportunity to maintain health. Accessibility affects walk activities as well as associated attitudes, but it is mediated through personal factors such as number of household cars, number of children, and household size. Evidence that pedestrians more highly value the available opportunities for walking suggests that latent predilections towards walking shape residential preferences.

scholarly journals An activity-related land use mix construct and its connection to pedestrian travel

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R Gehrke ◽  
Kelly J Clifton
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Smart Growth ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Central Tenet ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
Trip Frequency ◽  
Pedestrian Travel

Integrating a diverse set of land use types within a neighborhood is a central tenet of smart growth policy. Over a generation of urban planning research has heralded the transportation, land use, and public health benefits arising from a balanced supply of local land uses, including the improved feasibility for pedestrian travel. However, land use mixing has largely remained a transportation-land use planning goal without a conceptually valid set of environmental indicators quantifying this multifaceted spatial phenomenon. In this study, we incorporated activity-based transportation planning and landscape ecology theory within a confirmatory factor analysis framework to introduce a land use mix construct indicative of the paired landscape pattern aspects of composition and configuration. We found that our activity-related land use mix measure, and not the commonly adopted entropy-based index, predicted walk mode choice and home-based walk trip frequency when operationalized at three geographic scales.

The Impact of Zoning and Built Environment Characteristics on Transit, Biking, and Walking

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-129
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Mueller ◽  
Daniel J. Trujillo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Land Use Regulation ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Impact

This study furthers existing research on the link between the built environment and travel behavior, particularly mode choice (auto, transit, biking, walking). While researchers have studied built environment characteristics and their impact on mode choice, none have attempted to measure the impact of zoning on travel behavior. By testing the impact of land use regulation in the form of zoning restrictions on travel behavior, this study expands the literature by incorporating an additional variable that can be changed through public policy action and may help cities promote sustainable real estate development goals. Using a unique, high-resolution travel survey dataset from Denver, Colorado, we develop a multinomial discrete choice model that addresses unobserved travel preferences by incorporating sociodemographic, built environment, and land use restriction variables. The results suggest that zoning can be tailored by cities to encourage reductions in auto usage, furthering sustainability goals in transportation.

scholarly journals Relationship between Land Use Mix and Walking Choice in High-Density Cities: A Review of Walking in Seoul, South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 810
Author(s):  
Eun Yeong Seong ◽  
Nam Hwi Lee ◽  
Chang Gyu Choi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Housing Type ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
Family Housing ◽  
Mixed Land Use ◽  
Major Factors

This study confirmed the general belief of urban planners that mixed land use promotes walking in Seoul, a metropolis in East Asia, by analyzing the effect of mixed land use on the travel mode choice of housewives and unemployed people who make non-commuting trips on weekdays. Using binomial logistic regression of commuting data, it was found that the more mixed a neighborhood environment’s uses are, the more the pedestrians prefer to walk rather than drive. The nonlinear relationship between the land use mix index and the choice to walk was also confirmed. Although mixed land use in neighborhoods increased the probability of residents choosing walking over using cars, when the degree of complexity increased above a certain level, the opposite effect was observed. As the density of commercial areas increased, the probability of selecting walking increased. In addition to locational characteristics, income and housing type were also major factors affecting the choice to walk; i.e., when the residents’ neighborhood environment was controlled for higher income and living in an apartment rather than multi-family or single-family housing, they were more likely to choose driving over walking.

Measuring pedestrian volume by land use mix: Presenting a new entropy-based index by weighting walking generation units

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1219-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Na Im ◽  
Chang Gyu Choi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This study proposes an alternative to the conventional entropy-based land use mix index, which is generally used to measure the diversity of land use. Pedestrian volume was selected as the dependent variable as it represents the vitality of districts, which many recent urban studies now consider important. The study investigates an entropy-based weighted land use mix index, which is weighted by different land use types. For the index, different areas are needed to generate a unit of pedestrian volume, whose measure is m2/person/day. The study demonstrates that this alternative is more effective than the existing conventionally used entropy-based land use mix index for explaining pedestrian volume. The research confirms that the conventionally used entropy-based land use mix index can have a positive or negative impact depending on the land use characteristics of the survey points because the conventionally used entropy-based land use mix index has a non-linear relationship with pedestrian volume. By analysing 9727 surveyed locations of pedestrian volume in Seoul, Korea, the study demonstrates that the weighted land use mix index, rather than the conventionally used entropy-based land use mix index, can improve the explanatory power of the estimation model for the relationship between pedestrian volume and built environments, showing consistent results throughout the empirical analysis. In future built-environment studies, the utility of the weighted land use mix index is expected to improve if studies include how to find the accurate weighting of the land use in estimating the pedestrian volume.

Frontiers in Land Use and Travel Research

2012 ◽  
pp. 633-664
Author(s):  
Marlon G. Boarnet
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Standard Approach ◽  
Hypothesis Tests ◽  
Key Issues

This article examines research concerning land use and travel behavior in relation to urban planning. It summarizes the standard approach to studying land use and travel behavior, and identifies the key issues that should be the focus of planning research going forward. The analysis reveals that the literature on land use and travel behavior has so far focused almost exclusively on hypothesis tests regarding the association between the built environment and travel, and on the magnitude of the associations.

The impact of urban form on disaster resiliency

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Irajifar ◽  
Neil Sipe ◽  
Tooran Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
High Density ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper examines the impact of urban form on disaster resiliency. The literature shows a complex relationship between urban form factors such as density and diversity and disaster recovery. The empirical analysis in this paper tests the impact of land use mix, population density, building type and diversity on the reconstruction progress in three, six and nine months after the 2010 flood in Brisbane and Ipswich as proxies of disaster resilience. Considerable debate exists on whether urban form factors are the causal incentive or are they mediating other non-urban form causal factors such as income level. In view of this, the effects of a series of established non-urban form factors such as income and tenure, already known as effective factors on disaster resilience, are controlled in the analysis. Design/methodology/approach The structure of this paper is based on a two-phase research approach. In the first phase, for identification of hypothetical relationships between urban form and disaster resiliency, information was gathered from different sources on the basis of theory and past research findings. Then in phase two, a database was developed to test these hypothetical relationships, employing statistical techniques (including multivariate regression and correlation analysis) in which disaster recovery was compared among 76 suburbs of Brisbane and Ipswich with differing levels of population density and land use mix. Findings The results indicate that population density is positively related to disaster resilience, even when controlling for contextual variables such as income level and home ownership. The association between population density and disaster reconstruction is non-linear. The progress of reconstruction to population density ratio increases from low, medium to high densities, while in very low and very high density areas the reconstruction progress does not show the same behavior, which suggests that medium-high density is the most resilient. Originality/value The originality of this paper is in extracting hypothetical relationships between urban form and resiliency and testing them with real world data. The results confirmed the contribution of density to recovery process in this case study. This illustrates the importance of attention to disaster resiliency measures from the early stages of design and planning in development of resilient urban communities.

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