scholarly journals An activity-related land use mix construct and its connection to pedestrian travel

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R Gehrke ◽  
Kelly J Clifton
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Smart Growth ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Central Tenet ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
Trip Frequency ◽  
Pedestrian Travel

Integrating a diverse set of land use types within a neighborhood is a central tenet of smart growth policy. Over a generation of urban planning research has heralded the transportation, land use, and public health benefits arising from a balanced supply of local land uses, including the improved feasibility for pedestrian travel. However, land use mixing has largely remained a transportation-land use planning goal without a conceptually valid set of environmental indicators quantifying this multifaceted spatial phenomenon. In this study, we incorporated activity-based transportation planning and landscape ecology theory within a confirmatory factor analysis framework to introduce a land use mix construct indicative of the paired landscape pattern aspects of composition and configuration. We found that our activity-related land use mix measure, and not the commonly adopted entropy-based index, predicted walk mode choice and home-based walk trip frequency when operationalized at three geographic scales.

scholarly journals Analysis and prediction of LUCC change in Huang-Huai-Hai river basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1406-1420
Author(s):  
Jianwei Wang ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Tianling Qin ◽  
Hanjiang Nie ◽  
Zhenyu Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Emission Scenarios ◽  
Future Change ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Downstream Area

AbstractLand use/cover change plays an important role in human development and environmental health and stability. Markov chain and a future land use simulation model were used to predict future change and simulate the spatial distribution of land use in the Huang-Huai-Hai river basin. The results show that cultivated land and grassland are the main land-use types in the basin, accounting for about 40% and 30%, respectively. The area of cultivated land decreased and artificial surfaces increased from 1980 to 2010. The degree of dynamic change of land use after the 1990s was greater than that before the 1990s. There is a high probability of exchange among cultivate land, forest and grassland. The area of forest decreased before 2000 and increased after 2000. Under the three emission scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5) of IPSL-CM5A-LR climate model, the area of cultivated land will decrease and that of grassland will increase in the upstream area while it will decrease in the downstream area. The above methods and rules will be of great help to future land use planning.

Measuring pedestrian volume by land use mix: Presenting a new entropy-based index by weighting walking generation units

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1219-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Na Im ◽  
Chang Gyu Choi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This study proposes an alternative to the conventional entropy-based land use mix index, which is generally used to measure the diversity of land use. Pedestrian volume was selected as the dependent variable as it represents the vitality of districts, which many recent urban studies now consider important. The study investigates an entropy-based weighted land use mix index, which is weighted by different land use types. For the index, different areas are needed to generate a unit of pedestrian volume, whose measure is m2/person/day. The study demonstrates that this alternative is more effective than the existing conventionally used entropy-based land use mix index for explaining pedestrian volume. The research confirms that the conventionally used entropy-based land use mix index can have a positive or negative impact depending on the land use characteristics of the survey points because the conventionally used entropy-based land use mix index has a non-linear relationship with pedestrian volume. By analysing 9727 surveyed locations of pedestrian volume in Seoul, Korea, the study demonstrates that the weighted land use mix index, rather than the conventionally used entropy-based land use mix index, can improve the explanatory power of the estimation model for the relationship between pedestrian volume and built environments, showing consistent results throughout the empirical analysis. In future built-environment studies, the utility of the weighted land use mix index is expected to improve if studies include how to find the accurate weighting of the land use in estimating the pedestrian volume.

scholarly journals Using Ontario's Development Permit Systems To Implement Metrolinx’s Mobility Hubs In The Greater Golden Horseshoe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Keenan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Smart Growth ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Land Use Regulations ◽  
Planning Framework ◽  
Transit Routes ◽  
Vast Network

Through Metrolinx, the province of Ontario seeks to change the sprawling, car dependent character of The Greater Toronto and Hamilton Areas by introducing a vast network of rapid transit routes along a series of corridors, linked by a series of nodes, called mobility hubs. Following Smart Growth principles, these hubs should be buttressed by transit supportive land-use regulations, but the current land-use planning framework in the region makes such changes difficult. By implementing a little used tool in Ontario's

Pedestrian Travel Potential in Northern New Jersey: A Metropolitan Planning Organization’s Approach to Identifying Investment Priorities

2000 ◽  
Vol 1705 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted M. Matley ◽  
Lois M. Goldman ◽  
Brian J. Fineman
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
Cooperative Approach ◽  
The North ◽  
Metropolitan Planning ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
Pedestrian Travel ◽  
State And Local

At metropolitan planning organizations such as the North Jersey Transportation Planning Authority (NJTPA), planning investments to support pedestrian trips for a large and diverse metropolitan area would be an intractable challenge without an open, coordinated, and cooperative approach and a strong information foundation. To address this challenge, NJTPA has adopted an innovative approach using regional analysis and priority setting to guide planning activity for a very local scale. The design and initial applications of this approach are described. Areas with proximity and connectivity features supporting pedestrian activity were identified using data available at the regional level. The data were analyzed within a pedestrian potential index (PPI) comprising four key indicators: population densities, employment densities, land use mix, and street network density, all analyzed at the census tract level. Thresholds were set to begin to find priority areas in which investment in pedestrian strategies would be more likely to generate a high return in terms of walking trips generated. The analysis also allows local planners to understand how their communities compare in relative levels of density, land use mix, and network connectivity. This information can help planners identify areas for planning activities that would address these factors and encourage walking trips. With the first results from application of the PPI, NJTPA has solicited feedback from state and local planning partners. With subsequent refinement, this analysis will be finalized for the region and incorporated in the next update of the NJTPA Regional Transportation Plan.

scholarly journals Urban Growth Structure and Travel Behavior in Tehran City

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Mahmood Shoorcheh ◽  
Hamidreza Varesi ◽  
Jamal Mohammadi ◽  
Todd Litman
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Growth Management ◽  
Smart Growth ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Growth Structure ◽  
Land Use Development

This paper investigates major characteristics of Tehran’s urban growth structure, how various land use factors such as “density”, “diversity”, “design” and “accessibility” affect travel behavior, population growth and land use development, and future travel demands. Tehran city is currently developing in ways that are likely to increase sprawl and automobile-dependency, which increase problems including traffic and parking congestion, consumer costs, traffic accidents, pollution emissions and inadequate mobility for non-drivers. This analysis indicates that the growth management policies in Tehran’s Comprehensive Plan can significantly reduce vehicle travel and associated problems, resulting in a more sustainable urban development path. This information is useful for evaluating the ability of policies such as Smart Growth, New Urbanism and Accessibility Management to help achieve transport-land use planning objectives.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impacts of Smart Growth Policies on Home Developers in a Bi-state Metropolitan Area: Evidence from the Portland Metropolitan Area

Urban Studies ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 2219-2235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Dong ◽  
John Gliebe
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Location Choice ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Smart Growth ◽  
Planning Systems ◽  
Portland Metropolitan Area ◽  
Us Cities

While there are many empirical studies examining the effectiveness of smart growth policies, few of them study the perspective of developers, the major urban space producers in US cities. This article assesses the impacts of smart growth policies on home developers in the Portland bi-state metropolitan area by developing home developer location choice models. The study shows that home developers in the region are sensitive to most smart growth policies being implemented in the region, but they react to them differently across the border between Oregon and Washington due to their different land use planning systems. The findings suggest that smart growth policies impact single- and multifamily home developers’ location choices differently and that home developers exhibit strong spatial inertia in their location choice.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of watershed land use on Kebena river water quality in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalkidan Asnake ◽  
Hailu Worku ◽  
Mekuria Argaw
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
River Water ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Watershed Land Use ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The impact of watershed land-use on surface water quality is one of the under researched areas in mega cities of the developing countries like Addis Ababa. The study examined the impact of watershed land uses on the Kebena river water quality within its seasonal and spatial variation and assessed the relationship between river water pollution and dominant land-use types in the sub-watersheds. Method The main land use types in the sub-watersheds were digitized from aerial photograph of 2016, and quantified for water quality impact analysis. Water samples were collected from the main Kebena river and the three sub-watersheds source and outlet points. A total of 128 samples were collected during the dry and wet seasons of 2016 and 2017 and analyzed for various water quality parameters. The study employed ANOVA, independent t-tests and multiple regression analysis to examine variations in water quality and assess the influence of the different land uses on water quality. Results Forest, built-up area and cultivated lands are the three major land use types in the Kebena watershed accounting for 39.14, 32.51 and 27.25% of the total area, respectively. Kebena catchment is drained by three sub-watersheds namely, Denkaka (44.9% cultivated land), Little-Kebena (60.87% forested) and Ginfle (90.44% urban land). The concentration of pollutants in the Kebena river was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the dry season than in the wet season. However, when compared to surface water quality standards, both the dry and wet season water quality records are exceptionally high. The urban and forest dominated sub-watersheds contribute significantly high amount of (P < 0.001) pollutant loads to the river which is associated with high runoff from impervious surfaces and sewerage discharge to the river from nearby urban settlements. Conclusion Integrating watershed planning with land use planning is of paramount importance to address water quality problems in urban areas. Thus, in the urban dominated sub-catchment, land-use planning should aim to relocating river front communities, providing sufficient river buffer-zones and forwarding appropriate storm water management schemes. In the forested sub-catchment, planning should protect, retain and enhance the existing natural green spaces through open space planning, and management schemes while providing wide river-buffer with natural vegetation cover to minimize pollution load to urban rivers from agriculture dominated sub-watershed.

scholarly journals The Hidden Characteristics of Land-Use Mix Indices: An Overview and Validity Analysis Based on the Land Use in Melbourne, Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1898
Author(s):  
Jiacheng Jiao ◽  
John Rollo ◽  
Baibai Fu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Comparative Trial ◽  
Dissimilarity Index ◽  
City Center ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Land Use Mix

The land-use mix index is a way to quantify the mixture of land-use patterns. Due to practical limitations, few studies have highlighted the validity of land-use mix indices. This paper aims to explore the potential characteristics of land-use mix indices using a three-step screening method. The data precision of indices was concluded after the first-step screening. A total of 10 virtual blocks and 217 blocks in Melbourne city center served as a case study and reflected the various land-use structures. The randomized controlled comparative trial was incorporated into the second- and third-screening to indicate the applicable condition and validity. The results illustrate that the value Herfindahl–Hirschman index related to the diversity of land-use types. The results also confirmed that Dissimilarity index-I was significantly associated with the balance status of the land-use mix. Entropy index reflects the evenness but did not correlate to the diversity or balance of the land-use mix. In addition, the study also provides a set of general recommendations for the application conditions of land-use mix indices.

Beyond the Public Meeting

2011 ◽  
pp. 43-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L. Hawthorne ◽  
Michael Dougherty ◽  
Gregory Elmes ◽  
Christopher Fletcher ◽  
Brent McCusker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Smart Growth ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Mental Maps ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Meeting ◽  
Spatial Decision Making ◽  
Community Input

This chapter describes how community-based qualitative information about local land use is being incorporated into a Participatory Geographic Information System (PGIS) for the Cheat Lake Planning District of Monongalia County, West Virginia. The research demonstrates how PGIS can be an effective methodology for promoting community input into land use planning and for augmenting spatial decision-making for “smart growth.” The Cheat Lake PGIS is field-based and provides residents with an opportunity to discuss and map their priority land use issues and to identify land use hotspots in a way that is not typically possible in a general public meeting. This project also provides a useful example of the integration of academic PGIS research with an emerging county planning infrastructure and related set of regulations. This is achieved through multimedia representation of local knowledge with formal spatial information; for example, traditional GIS raster and vector data, community narratives, mental maps, GPS transect walks, geo-referenced photos, and sound. The Cheat Lake PGIS pilot project also offers important lessons for participatory land use planning.

Smart Growth and Land-Use Planning

2018 ◽  
pp. 159-192
Author(s):  
Susan M. Opp ◽  
Samantha L. Mosier ◽  
Jeffery L. Osgood ◽  
Mark W. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Smart Growth
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