scholarly journals Relationship between Land Use Mix and Walking Choice in High-Density Cities: A Review of Walking in Seoul, South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 810
Author(s):  
Eun Yeong Seong ◽  
Nam Hwi Lee ◽  
Chang Gyu Choi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Housing Type ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
Family Housing ◽  
Mixed Land Use ◽  
Major Factors

This study confirmed the general belief of urban planners that mixed land use promotes walking in Seoul, a metropolis in East Asia, by analyzing the effect of mixed land use on the travel mode choice of housewives and unemployed people who make non-commuting trips on weekdays. Using binomial logistic regression of commuting data, it was found that the more mixed a neighborhood environment’s uses are, the more the pedestrians prefer to walk rather than drive. The nonlinear relationship between the land use mix index and the choice to walk was also confirmed. Although mixed land use in neighborhoods increased the probability of residents choosing walking over using cars, when the degree of complexity increased above a certain level, the opposite effect was observed. As the density of commercial areas increased, the probability of selecting walking increased. In addition to locational characteristics, income and housing type were also major factors affecting the choice to walk; i.e., when the residents’ neighborhood environment was controlled for higher income and living in an apartment rather than multi-family or single-family housing, they were more likely to choose driving over walking.

Neighborhood Perceptions and Active Commuting to School Among Adolescent Boys and Girls

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norah M. Nelson ◽  
Catherine B. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Active Commuting ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Road ◽  
Active Commuting To School ◽  
Land Use Mix

Background:Active commuting (AC) to school can increase daily minutes of physical activity yet research is lacking on its determinants. This study examined perceptions of the physical environment as a correlate of AC among adolescents.Methods:Cross-sectional data were collected from 1143 males and 1016 females (mean age 16.04 ± 0.66) who lived within 2.5 miles of their school. Participants’ self-reported active (walk or cycle) or inactive (car, bus, or train) mode of travel to school and perceptions of their neighborhood environment. Bivariate logistic regression examined perceived environmental features associated with active versus inactive modes, adjusted for sociodemographic factors. Significant variables were examined in multivariate models, adjusted for population density and distance.Results:Positive correlates of AC included well-lit streets, land-use-mix diversity, access to shops/public transport, the presence of public parks/bike lanes, and accessible well-maintained paths. Connectivity was unrelated to mode choice. In multivariate analyses, land-use-mix diversity, and the perceived presence of public parks remained significant among males, whereas excess traffic speed, shops within walking distance, and paths separate from the road remained significant among females.Conclusions:Environmental characteristics were associated with active commuting to school, however research must address methodological issues before making recommendations for intervention.

scholarly journals Association between Perceived Built Environment and Prevalent Hypertension among South African Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasmore Malambo ◽  
Andre P. Kengne ◽  
Estelle V. Lambert ◽  
Anniza De Villers ◽  
Thandi Puoane
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
South African ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Logistic Regressions

Introduction. The association between perceived built environmental attributes and hypertension among adults has received little attention in an African context. We investigated the association between the perceived built environment and prevalent hypertension in adult South Africans. Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted using 2008-2009 Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology data among South African (n=671) adults aged ≥35 years. Perceived built environment was assessed using the neighborhood environment walkability scale questionnaire. Prevalent hypertension was defined as previously diagnosed by a physician, screen-detected hypertension as ≥140/90 mmHg, and a combination of both as any hypertension. Logistic regressions were applied for analyses. Results. In crude logistic regressions, self-reported hypertension was associated with land use mix-diversity, street connectivity, infrastructure for walking/cycling, aesthetics, traffic, and crime. In adjusted model, land use mix-diversity was significantly associated with self-reported hypertension. In similar multivariable models, the direction and magnitude of the effects were mostly similar to the outcomes of “screen-detected hypertension” which was further predicted by perceived lack of safety from traffic. Conclusion. Perceived built environment attributes were significantly associated with hypertension. This has relevance to population-based approaches to hypertension prevention and control.

Neighborhood Walkability Perceptions: Associations With Amount of Neighborhood-Based Physical Activity by Intensity and Purpose

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew T. Kaczynski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Street Connectivity ◽  
Recreational Activity ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
Community Residents ◽  
Land Use Mix

Background:Built environments are associated with physical activity (PA), but most studies to date have employed acontextual PA outcome measures. The purposes of this study were to examine the proportion of PA that occurred within participants’ neighborhoods and associations between neighborhood walkability attributes and different intensities and purposes of PA episodes occurring specifically within neighborhoods.Methods:384 community residents completed 7 subscales of the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS) and a detailed 7-day PA log-booklet that included the duration, intensity, and purpose of all episodes.Results:Only one-third of reported PA episodes occurred in participants’ neighborhoods. Higher ratings for 5 of the 7 walkability variables were associated with an increased likelihood of engaging in at least some moderate-intensity neighborhood PA (versus none), but were not significantly associated with engaging in greater levels of neighborhood PA (150+ versus 1−149 minutes). Land use mix access, street connectivity, and aesthetics were significant predictors of transportation-related neighborhood PA, but only aesthetics was significantly associated with neighborhood recreational PA.Conclusions:Improving neighborhood walkability may be a stimulus for increased neighborhood PA, especially among largely sedentary individuals, but different attributes are associated with transportation-related and recreational activity.

Built Environment and Frailty: Neighborhood Perceptions and Associations With Frailty, Experience From the Nagoya Longitudinal Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 073346482091266
Author(s):  
Beatriz A. Martins ◽  
Renuka Visvanathan ◽  
Helen R. Barrie ◽  
Chi Hsien Huang ◽  
Eiji Matsushita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Neighborhood physical characteristics have been consistently associated with the health of older adults. This article investigates links between frailty and perceptions of the neighborhood environment. Using a cross-sectional analysis of 370 community-dwelling older adults from Nagoya, Japan, neighborhood perceptions were assessed using the Neighborhood Environmental Walkability Scale (NEWS) in addition to frailty, using a frailty index. Frailty was associated with the NEWS composite index, land use mix diversity, land use mix access, street connectivity, walking infrastructure, aesthetics, and crime safety, after adjustment for covariates. Older adults with increasing frailty have poorer perceptions of their neighborhoods, which could lead to further constriction of the life-space, less social and physical engagement, and worsening of frailty status.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Supply of “Missing Middle” Housing Types in Walkable Urban Core Neighborhoods

10.28945/4544 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 001-015
Author(s):  
Shrimatee H Ojah Maharaj
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Baby Boomers ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Housing Preferences ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
Zoning Regulations ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
Missing Middle

Housing preferences are changing. According to (Koebel, Lang, & Danielsen, 2004; Kolson, 2016; Myers & Ryu, 2008; Shaver, 2017; Woo, 2016), the largest demographic, the millennials, prefer low- to mid-rise housing units that are in the walkable urban core areas. These areas have access to cultural activities, entertainment, restaurants, shopping and other amenities such as parks. The retiring baby boomers who are downsizing from their single-family suburban homes are also seeking the same. As suggested by Parolek (CNU. 2015).), the Missing Middle Housing types (MMH) are one possible solution to help meet the demand. However, the demand is greater than the supply (Koebel et al., 2004; Kolson, 2016; Myers & Ryu, 2008; Shaver, 2017). This review discusses the factors that affect the supply of the MMH types. It reveals that although these housing types once existed in the urban core, attempts to reintroduce them in the area meet with opposition from several stakeholders. Additional factors which hurt the supply of MMH types include land use and zoning regulations, a lack of developer interest to develop these units, and a lack of developer financing (Glaeser et al, 2009, Doherty, 2017).

scholarly journals Individualization concept in housing architecture

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislava Stoiljkovic ◽  
Natasa Petkovic-Grozdanovic ◽  
Goran Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Housing Construction ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Housing Type ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Main Form ◽  
The World ◽  
Family Housing ◽  
Moral Economic ◽  
The City

Although single-family housing in the city is considered higher quality and preferred type of housing, housing crisis, as a permanent actual problem in the world, requires adequate solutions. In this sense, housing in multi-family housing buildings can be considered as a necessity (social, moral, economic, etc.), but in fact, now and in the future, it is the main form of housing construction which can give the solution for housing problems. However, to make this housing type more attractive and acceptable to the occupants, it is necessary to improve it by the implementation of individualization modalities, and in that way make its qualities much closer to the preferred single-family housing.

Mapping the landscape of urban work: Home-based businesses and the built environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Kane ◽  
William AV Clark
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Industrial Composition ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Family Housing ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

Home-based businesses represent a large and growing portion of the economy, though little is known beyond limited surveys. This paper describes a novel method of identifying businesses located within residences using parcel-level land use data across 15 counties in California and analyzes their evolution from 1997 to 2014, focusing on their distribution across neighborhoods. Home-based business represented nearly one in six businesses in 2014, and employment in home-based businesses outpaced overall employment growth 37 to 24% from 1997 to 2014. While home-based businesses are associated with both middle-income and wealthy neighborhoods, only in southern California were they associated with growing shares of single-family housing, low population density, and homeownership rates. While prior research emphasizes the importance of technologically and knowledge-intensive services across a variety of home working arrangements, this study reveals that the industrial composition of home-based businesses is roughly equally comprised of knowledge-intensive services and basic economic activity.

scholarly journals Built-Up Growth Impacts on Digital Elevation Model and Flood Risk Susceptibility Prediction in Muaeng District, Nakhon Ratchasima (Thailand)

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patiwat Littidej ◽  
Nutchanat Buasri
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Spatial Locations

The transformation of land-use and land cover in Nakhon Ratchasima province, Thailand has rapidly changed over the last few years. The major factors affecting the growth in the province arise from the huge expansion of developing areas, according to the government’s development plans that aim to promote the province as a central business-hub in the region. This development expansion has eventually intruded upon and interfered with sub-basin areas, which has led to environmental problems in the region. The scope of this study comprises three objectives, i.e., (i) to optimize the Cellular Automata (CA) model for predicting the expansion of built-up sites by 2022; (ii) to model a linear regression method for deriving the transition of the digital elevation model (DEM); and (iii) to apply Geographic Weighted Regression (GWR) for analyzing the risk of the stativity of flood areas in the province. The results of this study show that the optimized CA demonstrates accurate prediction of the expansion of built-up areas in 2022 using Land use (LU) data of 2-year intervals. In addition, the predicting model is generalized and converged at the iteration no. 4. The prediction outcomes, including spatial locations and ground-water touch points of the construction, are used to estimate and model the DEM to extract independent hydrology variables that are used in the determination of Flood Risk Susceptibility (FRS). In GWR in the research called FRS-GWR, this integration of quantitative GIS and the spatial model is anticipated to produce promising results in predicting the growth and expansion of built-up areas and land-use change that lead to an effective analysis of the impacts on spatial change in water sub-basin areas. This research may be beneficial in the process of urban planning with respect to the study of environmental impacts. In addition, it can indicate and impose important directions for development plans in cities to avoid and minimize flood area problems.

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