Copper damascene using low dielectric constant fluorinated amorphous carbon interlayer

1998 ◽  
Vol 511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Matsubara ◽  
K. Endo ◽  
M. Iguchi ◽  
N. Ito ◽  
K. Aoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Leakage Current ◽  
Line Width ◽  
Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Low Dielectric Constant ◽  
Metal Line ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Protection Layer ◽  
Low K

ABSTRACTWe have developed a new interconnect technique using a low-k (εt,=2.5) organic interlayer (fluorinated amorphous carbon: a-C:F) and a low-resistivity metal line (copper). The new technique attains a duction in both the capacitance of the interlayer and the resistance of the metal line. We found that a-C:F on Cu reduces reflection to 10% for Kr-F line lithography. However, a-C:F cannot act as a protection layer for oxidation even at 200°C in atmospheric ambient annealing. Cu diffusion into a-C:F is about 100 nm at the annealing temperature of 450°C. The resistivity of the Cu line is 2.3–2.4 μΩ · cm for the 0.5-μm line width. Although the leakage current of the a-C:F ILD is one order higher than that of the SiO2 ILD, electrical isolation is acceptable at < 20 V when annealing is carried out at 350°C in a vacuum.

Structire, Properties, and Process Characteristics of Low-K Materials Prepared by PECVD

1999 ◽  
Vol 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Shimogaki ◽  
S. W. Lim ◽  
E. G. Loh ◽  
Y. Nakano ◽  
K. Tada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
Reactive Species ◽  
Low Dielectric Constant ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Step Coverage ◽  
Low K

AbstractLow dielectric constant F-doped silicon oxide films (SiO:F) can be prepared by adding fluorine source, like as CF4 to the conventional PECVD processes. We could obtain SiO:F films with dielectric constant as low as 2.6 from the reaction mixture of SiH4/N2 O/CF4. The structural changes of the oxides were sensitively detected by Raman spectroscopy. The three-fold ring and network structure of the silicon oxides were selectively decreased by adding fluorine into the film. These structural changes contribute to the decrease ionic polarization of the film, but it was not the major factor for the low dielectric constant. The addition of fluorine was very effective to eliminate the Si-OH in the film and the disappearance of the Si-OH was the key factor to obtain low dielectric constant. A kinetic analysis of the process was also performed to investigate the reaction mechanism. We focused on the effect of gas flow rate, i.e. the residence time of the precursors in the reactor, on growth rate and step coverage of SiO:F films. It revealed that there exists two species to form SiO:F films. One is the reactive species which contributes to increase the growth rate and the other one is the less reactive species which contributes to have uniform step coverage. The same approach was made on the PECVD process to produce low-k C:F films from C2F4, and we found ionic species is the main precursor to form C:F films.

The characterization and preparation of porous low dielectric films using various cyclodextrins as template materials

2003 ◽  
Vol 766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Heong Yim ◽  
Jung-Bae Kim ◽  
Hyun-Dam Jeong ◽  
Yi-Yeoul Lyu ◽  
Sang Kook Mah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Dielectric Films ◽  
Low Dielectric Constant ◽  
Cyclodextrin Derivatives ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Low K

AbstractPorous low dielectric films containing nano pores (∼20Å) with low dielectric constant (<2.2), have been prepared by using various kinds of cyclodextrin derivatives as porogenic materials. The pore structure such as pore size and interconnectivity can be controlled by changing functional groups of the cyclodextrin derivatives. We found that mechanical properties of porous low-k thin film prepared with mCSSQ (modified cyclic silsesquioxane) precursor and cyclodextrin derivatives were correlated with the pore interconnection length. The longer the interconnection length of nanopores in the thin film, the worse the mechanical properties of the thin film (such as hardness and modulus) even though the pore diameter of the films were microporous (∼2nm).

Photo-induced Large Area Growth Of Dielectrics With Excimer Lamps

2000 ◽  
Vol 617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian W. Boyd ◽  
Jun-Ying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Leakage Current ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Low Dielectric Constant ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Excimer Lamp ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Current Densities

AbstractIn this paper, UV-induced large area growth of high dielectric constant (Ta2O5, TiO2and PZT) and low dielectric constant (polyimide and porous silica) thin films by photo-CVD and sol-gel processing using excimer lamps, as well as the effect of low temperature LW annealing, are discussed. Ellipsometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV spectrophotometry, atomic force microscope (AFM), capacitance-voltage (C-V) and current-voltage (I-V) measurements have been employed to characterize oxide films grown and indicate them to be high quality layers. Leakage current densities as low as 9.0×10−8 Acm−2 and 1.95×10−7 Acm−2 at 0.5 MV/cm have been obtained for the as-grown Ta2O5 films formed by photo-induced sol-gel processing and photo-CVD. respectively - several orders of magnitude lower than for any other as-grown films prepared by any other technique. A subsequent low temperature (400°C) UV annealing step improves these to 2.0×10−9 Acm−2 and 6.4× 10−9 Acm−2, respectively. These values are essentially identical to those only previously formed for films annealed at temperatures between 600 and 1000°C. PZT thin films have also been deposited at low temperatures by photo-assisted decomposition of a PZT metal-organic sol-gel polymer using the 172 nm excimer lamp. Very low leakage current densities (10−7 A/cm2) can be achieved, which compared with layers grown by conventional thermal processing. Photo-induced deposition of low dielectric constant organic polymers for interlayer dielectrics has highlighted a significant role of photo effects on the curing of polyamic acid films. I-V measurements showed the leakage current density of the irradiated polymer films was over an order of magnitude smaller than has been obtained in the films prepared by thermal processing. Compared with conventional furnace processing, the photo-induced curing of the polyimide provided both reduced processing time and temperature, A new technique of low temperature photo-induced sol-gel process for the growth of low dielectric constant porous silicon dioxide thin films from TEOS sol-gel solutions with a 172 nm excimer lamp has also been successfully demonstrated. The dielectric constant values as low as 1.7 can be achieved at room temperature. The applications investigated so far clearly demonstrate that low cost high power excimer lamp systems can provide an interesting alternative to conventional UV lamps and excimer lasers for industrial large-scale low temperature materials processing.

Deposition of Fluorinated Amorphous Carbon Thin Films with Low Dielectric Constant and Thermal Stability

2000 ◽  
Vol 612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Soo Han ◽  
Byeong-Soo Bae
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Flow Rate Ratio ◽  
Low Dielectric Constant ◽  
Low Dielectric

AbstractFluorinated amorphous carbon (a-C:F) thin films were deposited by inductively coupled plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (ICP-CVD) with increasing CF4:CH4 gas flow rate ratio, and then annealed with increasing annealing temperature (100, 200, 300, and 400.). We have found the reduction mechanism of the dielectric constant and the thermally stable condition for the a-C:F films. On the basis of the results, the optimal condition to satisfy both the low dielectric constant and the thermal stability is followed as; the a-C:F films have to have the compatible F content to make a compromise between the two properties; the C-Fx bonding configuration has to exist as a form of C-F2 & C-F3 instead of C-F; The films should be somewhat cross-linked structure.

Modifications of Low Dielectric Constant Fluorinated Amorphous Carbon Films by Multiple Plasma Treatments

2002 ◽  
Vol 149 (7) ◽  
pp. G384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Min Shieh ◽  
Kou-Chiang Tsai ◽  
Bau-Tong Dai ◽  
Shih-Chin Lee ◽  
Chih-Hung Ying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Low Dielectric Constant ◽  
Amorphous Carbon Films ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Plasma Treatments

Robust spin-on-glass poly(methyl)silsesquioxane-based low-k materials derived from a cyclic siloxane precursor

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (82) ◽  
pp. 66511-66517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert S. Lee ◽  
Sung Yeoun Oh ◽  
Seung-Sock Choi ◽  
He Seung Lee ◽  
Seung Sang Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Low Dielectric Constant ◽  
Cyclic Siloxane ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Methyl Silsesquioxane ◽  
Low K

Low dielectric constant poly(methyl)silsesquioxane spin-on-glass resins incorporating a cyclic precursor exhibited exceptional mechanical properties to withstand CMP processes.

Chemical-Mechanical Planarization of Low-k Polymers for Advanced IC Structures

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Borst ◽  
Dipto G. Thakurta ◽  
William N. Gill ◽  
Ronald J. Gutmann
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Mechanical Planarization ◽  
Low Dielectric Constant ◽  
Chemical Company ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Thickness Measurements ◽  
Low K

Successful integration of copper and low dielectric constant (low-k) materials is dependent on robust chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP) during damascene patterning. This process includes the direct removal of copper and interaction of the copper slurry with the underlying dielectric. Experiments were designed and performed to examine the CMP of two low-k polymers from Dow Chemical Company, bis-benzocyclobutene (BCB*, k=2.65) and “silicon-application low-k material” (SiLK* resin, k=2.65) with both acidic slurries suitable for copper damascene patterning and a KH phthalate-based model slurry developed for SiLK. Blanket polymer films were polished in order to determine the interactions that occur when copper and liner materials are removed by the damascene CMP process. Removal rates were obtained from material thickness measurements, post-CMP surface topography from AFM scans, and post-CMP surface chemistry from XPS measurements. Physically based wafer-scale models are presented which are compatible with the experimental results.

Processing and Characterization of Fluorinated Amorphous Carbon Low-Dielectric-Constant Films

2004 ◽  
Vol 151 (11) ◽  
pp. F276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Jen Chen ◽  
Shou-Yi Chang ◽  
Hua-Chun Chiue ◽  
Wei-Shun Lai ◽  
Su-Jien Lin
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Low Dielectric Constant ◽  
Low Dielectric
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