Opening the Career Counseling Black Box: Behavioral Mechanisms of Empathy and Working Alliance

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-380
Author(s):  
Florian Klonek ◽  
Theresa Will ◽  
Patrizia Ianiro-Dahm ◽  
Simone Kauffeld
Keyword(s):  
Working Alliance ◽  
Career Counseling ◽  
Career Guidance ◽  
Career Decisions ◽  
Working Alliances ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Career Interventions ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Multimethod Approach ◽  
Behavioral Mechanisms

Many individuals who struggle with career decisions seek professional guidance from career counselors. However, little is known about how to ensure that career guidance sessions are of high quality. Vital factors for a successful counseling process include a positive working alliance and empathy of the counselor. This study investigates how counselors’ behaviors, measured with a behavioral coding instrument, related to positive working alliances and empathy. We introduce a video-based instrument that measures microbehaviors and skills during career counseling sessions. Psychometric analyses were conducted on the basis of 53 video recordings. Double-coded sessions ( N = 18) showed excellent interrater reliabilities for the coded microbehaviors. By using a multitrait-multimethod approach, we established construct validity with another coding instrument, whereas criterion validity was established with respect to counselors’ empathy and working alliance ratings. We discuss theoretical implications of using video-based methods in career sessions to advance process research and present practical applications in terms of assessing quality assurance in career interventions.

scholarly journals Theories of Career Development: Educational and Counseling Implications

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Career Development ◽  
Career Counseling ◽  
Career Guidance ◽  
Educational Development ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Work Identity ◽  
Developmental Experiences ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Career Interventions ◽  
The Future

Career Development is a continuous lifelong process of developmental experiences that focuses on seeking, obtaining and processing information about self, occupational and educational alternatives, life styles and role options. Put another way, career development is the process through which people come to understand them as they relate to the world of work and their role in it. This career development process is where an individual fashions a work identity. In educational development, career development provides a person, often a student, and focus for selecting a career or subject to undertake in the future. Educational institutions provide career counsellors to assist students with their educational development. It is imperative when educating the young people that the current school systems assist and consider the significance of this responsibility for the youth and their future. The influences on and outcomes of career development are one aspect of socialization as part of a broader process of human development. Theories and research describing career behavior provide the “conceptual glue” for as well as describe where, when and for what purpose career counseling, career education, career guidance and other career interventions should be implemented.  In educational development, career development provides a person, often a student, and focus for selecting a career or subject to undertake in the future. Educational institutions provide career counsellors to assist students with their educational development. The current paper will focus on the various theories related to career development and their educational implications.

Pengembangan Modul Bimbingan Karir Berbasis Multimedia Interaktif Untuk Meningkatkan Kematangan Karir Siswa

AKADEMIKA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinar Mahdalena Leksana
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Career Counseling ◽  
Interactive Multimedia ◽  
Career Guidance ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Career Maturity ◽  
Counseling Service ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Test Product

Vocational High School (SMK) is a period of employment. Therefore students are required to understand and master the concept of career maturity. The problem of this study is how the interactive multimedia -based career guidance module is considerably effective in increasing students' career maturity? The aim of this study is to develop an effective interactive multimedia-based counseling career module to increase the SMKN 2 Lamongan students' career maturity. The products have been formulated by the researchers tested and validated by expert judgments and practitioners. The results showed that the ready-to-test product was implemented at school for their effectiveness. Based on the empirical test, it showed different score between before (79.39%) and after (89.62%) the career counseling service which Increased 10.2%. It can be concluded that career counseling through interactive multimedia based modules effectively Increased students' career maturity.

scholarly journals Physiological and Behavioral Mechanisms of Thermoregulation in Mammals

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1733
Author(s):  
Daniel Mota-Rojas ◽  
Cristiane Gonçalves Titto ◽  
Agustín Orihuela ◽  
Julio Martínez-Burnes ◽  
Jocelyn Gómez-Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Microvascular Changes ◽  
Sporting Activities ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Behavioral Mechanisms

This review analyzes the main anatomical structures and neural pathways that allow the generation of autonomous and behavioral mechanisms that regulate body heat in mammals. The study of the hypothalamic neuromodulation of thermoregulation offers broad areas of opportunity with practical applications that are currently being strengthened by the availability of efficacious tools like infrared thermography (IRT). These areas could include the following: understanding the effect of climate change on behavior and productivity; analyzing the effects of exercise on animals involved in sporting activities; identifying the microvascular changes that occur in response to fear, pleasure, pain, and other situations that induce stress in animals; and examining thermoregulating behaviors. This research could contribute substantially to understanding the drastic modification of environments that have severe consequences for animals, such as loss of appetite, low productivity, neonatal hypothermia, and thermal shock, among others. Current knowledge of these physiological processes and complex anatomical structures, like the nervous systems and their close relation to mechanisms of thermoregulation, is still limited. The results of studies in fields like evolutionary neuroscience of thermoregulation show that we cannot yet objectively explain even processes that on the surface seem simple, including behavioral changes and the pathways and connections that trigger mechanisms like vasodilatation and panting. In addition, there is a need to clarify the connection between emotions and thermoregulation that increases the chances of survival of some organisms. An increasingly precise understanding of thermoregulation will allow us to design and apply practical methods in fields like animal science and clinical medicine without compromising levels of animal welfare. The results obtained should not only increase the chances of survival but also improve quality of life and animal production.

scholarly journals The development of doctoral degree curriculum in England: Perspectives from professional doctoral degree graduates

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Miguel Dos Santos ◽  
Ho Fai Lo
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Career Counseling ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Doctoral Degree ◽  
University Administrators ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Doctoral Level ◽  
Professional Doctorate ◽  
The Rich

The paper investigates two issues surrounding the field of higher education leadership, particularly in doctoral education, namely the reasons why potential doctoral students decided to enroll in a professional doctorate instead of a traditional Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) and how did professional doctorate status enhance its graduates’ professional development and career promotion.  Guided by the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), 20 professional doctorate graduates who are members of a professional association in London were invited as participants. The paper discovers that in the view of professional doctorate graduates, the program offers the flexibility for professionals to enjoy the rigorous education at doctoral level.  Second, the curriculum of the professional doctorate allows graduates to apply both theories and practical applications into their current workplace directly.  Third, the rich supports from lecturers enhancing the prosperity of professional doctorate graduates’ life experience.  This study provides solid evidence and recommendation for university administrators, policy makers, organizational employers, and potential doctoral students in the United Kingdom and other Anglophone countries to understand the learning outcomes and gained skills of professional doctorates. Keywords: career counseling; doctoral student experience; professional doctorate; qualitative

scholarly journals [Student Career Mature: The Implications of Career Counseling] Kematangan Kerjaya Pelajar: Implikasinya Terhadap Kaunseling Kerjaya

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Mohd Sani Ismail ◽  
Abdul Hakim Abdullah ◽  
Aman Daima Md. Zain ◽  
Mohd Hasrul Shuhari ◽  
Mohd Rahim Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Career Counseling ◽  
Career Guidance ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Career Maturity ◽  
Guidance And Counseling ◽  
School Students ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medium Level

The research aims to measure secondary school students career maturity level. The research also attempts to find out whether those variables are related to other variables such as gender and educational stream. A total of 1060 respondents from 106 regular daily national secondary schools in Terengganu have been identified as research sample and they are selected through systematic random sampling process.  This survey type of research uses a set of questionnaire and interview protocol. The questionnaire comprised three sub scales: (i) Personal information and student involvement in career guidance and counseling programme, (ii) Career Maturity Inventory. The alpha value for career maturity is 0.92.  Data had been analyzed using descriptive analysis i.e. frequency, percentage, t-Test, mean, and standard deviation. Besides,  inferential analysis such as ANOVA and linear regression is also applied to test research hypothesis.  The result indicates that in general career maturity among the students ranking from low to medium level.   It has also found that students’ career maturity are significantly different based on gender and educational stream.  However, there is no significant difference between the students’ career maturity based on race.  The report concludes although career guidance and counseling programme activity plays important role in the development of the two variable.  The findings have important implications for development of career guidance and counseling programme in schools.   Key Words: Career Maturity, Career Guidance, Career Counseling Programme.   Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur tahap kematangan kerjaya pelajar-pelajar sekolah menengah. Kajian ini juga meninjau sama ada kedua-dua pemboleh ubah tersebut dapat dikaitkan dengan pemboleh ubah-pemboleh ubah lain seperti jantina dan aliran atau jurusan pengajian. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 1060 orang pelajar yang dipilih dengan kaedah pensampelan rawak bersistematik daripada 106 buah Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Harian Biasa di negeri Terengganu. Kajian yang dijalankan secara tinjauan ini menggunakan soal selidik. Soal selidik yang digunakan untuk memungut data mempunyai dua skala kecil iaitu; (i) Maklumat dan biodata diri dan (ii) Inventori kematangan kerjaya, yang telah diuji dan didapati mempunyai kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan yang tinggi, iaitu nilai alpha bagi kematangan kerjaya ialah 0.92. Data yang dipungut telah dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif iaitu peratusan, frekuensi, min dan sisihan piawai bagi menjawab soalan kajian, manakala analisis inferensi seperti Ujian-t dan ANOVA digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis kajian. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa secara umumnya tahap kematangan kerjaya pelajar berada pada tahap rendah dan sederhana. Bagaimanapun, kematangan kerjaya pelajar didapati berbeza secara signifikan berdasarkan jantina, dan aliran atau jurusan pengajian. Kesimpulannya, tahap kematangan kerjaya pelajar turut dipengaruhi oleh faktor jantina, aliran atau jurusan pengajian. Justeru, sebarang aktiviti program bimbingan dan kaunseling kerjaya perlulah mengambil kira faktor-faktor pemboleh ubah tersebut.   Kata kunci: Kematangan Kerjaya, Bimbingan Kerjaya, Program Kaunseling Kerjaya.  

Working Alliance Skills for Healthcare Professionals

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jairo N. Fuertes ◽  
Patrick Mele ◽  
Julian Rapaport
Keyword(s):  
Working Alliance ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
Working Alliances ◽  
History Of

In this chapter, the authors provide a brief overview of the history of the working alliance and a brief summary of the primary empirical findings on the topic to date. They also provide a rationale for the current book, including the need to better advance training in working alliance skills in graduate programs and, relatedly, the need for examples of in-session interventions that can help beginning as well as advanced clinicians establish stronger working alliances with their clients. A brief description is given of the chapters making up the book, along with an overall summary of the importance of educating students in the skills needed to form and maintain the working alliance with clients.

Role of Libraries in Career Development Among the Students

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-59
Author(s):  
K. Sakkaravarthi ◽  
S. Thanuskodi
Keyword(s):  
College Student ◽  
Career Development ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Career Choice ◽  
Career Counseling ◽  
Career Guidance ◽  
Student Empowerment ◽  
Student Needs ◽  
Microsoft Excel

The purpose of this chapter is to review and analyze the role of libraries and librarians in Management College student empowerment of career guidance, career counseling, and overall career development in Trichy and Pudukkottai districts. This study creates awareness about different careers among the students and librarians towards career development activities programs. This study may help to create responsiveness among the Management College and librarians to find out how to cater to their students and enhance students' personality, skills, confidence, and students' employability to develop their career. This study assists libraries to study and provide better infrastructure and programs pertaining to student needs. The 584 valid questionnaires were coded after data collection. The obtained data were tabulated and analysed using the statistical packages Microsoft Excel and SPSS. Hypotheses were tested and findings were drawn in the light of objectives of the investigation. The results were reported in the form of thesis, tables, charts, and figures used wherever necessary to make the presentations clear, simple, and easy. The study demonstrated that one-fifth of the respondents were agreed the following statement related career choice of the MBA graduates such as “I am capable of making my own career choice,” “I seek my parent's advice for career choice,” “I consult the librarian in making any career choice,” “I consult the placement officer in making career choice,” “I consult my friends before making any career choice,” “I seek advice of my seniors in making career choice,” “ I consult the alumni of my institute in making career choice,” and “I go by the market trend in deciding my career choice.” Nearly half of the respondents were neutral about the above mentioned statement, and the remaining one-third of the respondents disagreed about various career choices. Further, it is observed from the study that 49.3% of the respondents were neutral with overall level of career choice, 30.0% of the respondents disagree with overall level of career choice, and the remaining 20.7% of the respondents agreed with overall level of career choice.

Improving Career Decision-Making for High School Students Through a Web-Based Expert System

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Nana Yaw Asabere ◽  
Eric Amoako
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Career Counseling ◽  
Career Guidance ◽  
Acceptance Testing ◽  
School Students ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Questionnaire Research ◽  
The Right

Globally, the right and appropriate selection of tertiary programmes by potential students in education corroborates every nation's development progress. In order to explore the effect of career counseling and development in high schools in Ghana with a focus on some selected senior high school (SHS) students, this paper utilized a quantitative (questionnaire) research instrument to corroborate the development a web-based expert system for tertiary programme selection. An analytical summary of questionnaire responses received from the selected SHS students showed that due to limited career assessment processes, SHS students in Accra, Ghana arbitrary select tertiary programmes without realizing how such selections can affect their future careers. In terms of user acceptance testing (UAT), 80% of the selected SHS students (100) found our proposed system to be very useful. Such a system will therefore solve and improve career guidance, counselling, and development problems of SHS students in Ghana.

The Relationship Between Counselor Verbal Response Modes and the Working Alliance in Career Counseling

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen D. Multon ◽  
Carrie A. Ellis-Kalton ◽  
Mary J. Heppner ◽  
Norman C. Gysbers
Keyword(s):  
Working Alliance ◽  
Career Counseling ◽  
Verbal Response ◽  
Response Modes ◽  
Verbal Response Modes ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals A review of four decades of research in organisational career psychology by academia in South Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dries Schreuder ◽  
Melinde Coetzee
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Career Guidance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Career Interventions ◽  
Career Psychology ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Value Add ◽  
Career Research

Orientation: Career research in organisations has increased in importance since the 1970s, which heralded new directions for organisational career research and practice both globally and nationally. Research purpose: The study critically reviewed trends in organisational career psychology research in South Africa from 1970 to 2011 in terms of global and present national challenges that require empirical investigation in the contemporary South African world of work context.Motivation for the study: The increasingly complex contexts, in which people have been pursuing their careers since the catalytic 1970s, demand the continuous generation and development of knowledge for the benefit of the discipline and practice of careers.Research design, approach and method: A broad systematic review was carried out to analyse documented academia research (N = 110) on careers from 1970 to 2011, which was published in six accredited South African scientific journals.Main findings: Much of the research addressed issues pertaining to career theory and concepts, the world of work and career assessment and technology. Career development, professional issues and organisational career interventions in the multi-cultural South African context appear to be under-researched.Practical/managerial implications: The insight derived from the findings can be employed by academia and researchers, in this field, to plan future research initiatives that will contribute to the profession and practice of career guidance and counselling in the contemporary workplace.Contribution/value-add: The findings provide preliminary insight that adds to the body of knowledge concerned with career studies in the South African organisational context.

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