scholarly journals Modeling and Simulation of Departure Passenger’s Behavior Based on an Improved Social Force Approach: A Case Study on an Airport Terminal in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Yaping Zhang ◽  
Jialin Li ◽  
Dexuan Kong ◽  
Xiaoqing Xing ◽  
Qian Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Path Planning ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Range Space ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Airport Terminal

The unprecedented growth of passenger throughput in large airport terminals highlights the importance of analyzing passengers’ movement to achieve airport terminal’s elaborate management. Based on the theory of original social force model, video data from a departure hall of a large airport terminal in China were analyzed to summarize passengers’ path planning characteristics. Then, a double-level model was established to describe passengers’ path planning behaviors. At the decision level of the proposed model, the avoiding force model including common avoiding force and additional horizontal avoiding force was established on the basis of setting time and space limitations for taking avoiding action and was used to describe passengers’ path planning in close-range space. At the tactical level of the proposed model, the route and node choice models were established to describe passengers’ path planning in long-range space. In the route choice model, a distribution of intermediate destination areas was proposed, with detouring distance, pedestrian density, speed difference, and pedestrian distribution considered in choosing an intermediate destination area. In the node choice model, the walking distance, the quantity of people waiting, and luggage were considered in choosing a check-in counter or security check channel. The main parameters of the proposed model were confirmed according to video data. Simulation results show that the proposed model can simulate departure passengers’ path planning behaviors at an acceptable accuracy level.

scholarly journals Modeling the Pedestrian Ability of Detecting Lanes and Lane Changing Behavior

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mahmod Shuaib
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Crowd Dynamics ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Lane Formation ◽  
Dynamics Models ◽  
The Impact

Incorporating decision-making capability as an intelligence aspect into crowd dynamics models is crucial factor for reproducing realistic pedestrian flow. Crowd dynamics models are still suffering from poor representation of essential behaviors such as lane changing behavior. In this article, we provide the simulated pedestrians in the social force model more intelligence as an extension to the pedestrian’s investigation capability in bidirectional walkways, to let the model appear more representative of what actually happens in reality. In the proposed model, the lane’s structure is modeled as social network. Thereby, the simulated pedestrians with inconvenient walking can detect the available lanes inside his environment, investigate their attractions, and then make decisions to join the most attractive one. Simulations are performed to validate the work qualitatively by tracing the behavior of the simulated pedestrians and studying the impact of this behavior on lane formation. Finally, a quantitative measurement is used to study the effect of our contribution on the pedestrians’ efficiency of motion.

Application of an Improved Individual Contact SEIR Model in the Influenza Spread Simulations inside Terminal

2013 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 238-244
Author(s):  
Quan Shao ◽  
Meng Jia ◽  
Zhi Xing Tang
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Seir Model ◽  
Passenger Flow ◽  
Airport Terminal ◽  
Flow Features ◽  
Individual Contact

In lights of individual contact features and influenza spreading characteristics, an improved SEIR model, based on individual contacts, is built to study the diffusion of flu in civil airport terminal. Meanwhile, personnel structures and passenger flow features in terminal are analyzed. Under the assistance of simulations on complicated passenger flowing and contacting inside large terminal, on basis of social force model, the extension of influenza pandemic in terminal are modeled. On foundations above, comparative analyses about the effects of several common influenza control measures, according to the process of departure and arrival and flights information of certain domestic terminal, are conducted. This experiment demonstrate that the proposed method is able to provide quantitative evaluations of the affection that “super spreaders” impact on grippe diffusion, as well as accurate examinations of the functions of control measures, compared with traditional SEIR model.

scholarly journals Simulation of Pedestrian Crossing Behaviors at Unmarked Roadways Based on Social Force Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cao Ningbo ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Qu Zhaowei ◽  
Zhao Liying ◽  
Bai Qiaowen
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing ◽  
Decision Making Model ◽  
Gap Acceptance Theory

Limited pedestrian microcosmic simulation models focus on the interactions between pedestrians and vehicles at unmarked roadways. Pedestrians tend to head to the destinations directly through the shortest path. So, pedestrians have inclined trajectories pointing destinations. Few simulation models have been established to describe the mechanisms underlying the inclined trajectories when pedestrians cross unmarked roadways. To overcome these shortcomings, achieve solutions for optimal design features before implementation, and help to make the design more rational, the paper establishes a modified social force model for interactions between pedestrians and vehicles at unmarked roadways. To achieve this goal, stop/go decision-making model based on gap acceptance theory and conflict avoidance models were developed to make social force model more appropriate in simulating pedestrian crossing behaviors at unmarked roadways. The extended model enables the understanding and judgment ability of pedestrians about the traffic environment and guides pedestrians to take the best behavior to avoid conflict and keep themselves safe. The comparison results of observed pedestrians’ trajectories and simulated pedestrians’ trajectories at one unmarked roadway indicate that the proposed model can be used to simulate pedestrian crossing behaviors at unmarked roadways effectively. The proposed model can be used to explore pedestrians’ trajectories variation at unmarked roadways and improve pedestrian safety facilities.

scholarly journals Agent-Based Evacuation in Passenger Ships Using a Goal-Driven Decision-Making Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baocheng Ni ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Xiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Path Planning ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Movement Model ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
Safety Committee ◽  
Decision Making Model ◽  
Ship Safety

Abstract A new agent-based model is proposed to support designers in assessing the evacuation capabilities of passenger ships and in improving ship safety. It comprises models for goal-driven decision-making, path planning, and movement. The goal-driven decision-making model determines an agent’s target by decomposing abstract goals into subgoals. The path-planning model plans the shortest path from the agent’s current position to its target. The movement model is a combination of social-force and steering models to control the agent in moving along its path. The utility of the proposed model is verified using 11 tests for passenger ships proposed by the Maritime Safety Committee of the International Maritime Organization.

scholarly journals Socially Compliant Path Planning for Robotic Autonomous Luggage Trolley Collection at Airports

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiankun Wang ◽  
Max Q.-H. Meng
Keyword(s):  
Path Planning ◽  
Potential Field ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Planning Problem ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Social Force ◽  
The Social

This paper describes a socially compliant path planning scheme for robotic autonomous luggage trolley collection at airports. The robot is required to efficiently collect all assigned luggage trolleys in a designated area, while avoiding obstacles and not offending the pedestrians. This path planning problem is formulated in this paper as a Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). Different from the conventional solutions to the TSP, in which the Euclidean distance between two sites is used as the metric, a high-dimensional metric including the factor of pedestrians’ feelings is applied in this work. To obtain the new metric, a novel potential function is firstly proposed to model the relationship between the robot, luggage trolleys, obstacles, and pedestrians. The Social Force Model (SFM) is utilized so that the pedestrians can bring extra influence on the potential field, different from ordinary obstacles. Directed by the attractive and repulsive force generated from the potential field, a number of paths connecting the robot and the luggage trolley, or two luggage trolleys, can be obtained. The length of the generated path is considered as the new metric. The Self-Organizing Map (SOM) satisfies the job of finding a final path to connect all luggage trolleys and the robot located in the potential field, as it can find the intrinsic connection in the high dimensional space. Therefore, while incorporating the new metric, the SOM is used to find the optimal path in which the robot can collect the assigned luggage trolleys in sequence. As a demonstration, the proposed path planning method is implemented in simulation experiments, showing an increase of efficiency and efficacy.

scholarly journals A route navigation algorithm for pedestrian simulation based on grid potential field

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 168781401989783
Author(s):  
Minghua Li ◽  
Yun Wei ◽  
Yan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Path Planning ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Potential Field ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Complex Scene ◽  
Simulation Scenario ◽  
Planning Algorithm ◽  
Path Planning Algorithm ◽  
Pedestrian Simulation

Pedestrian simulation modeling has become an important means to study the dynamic characters of dense populations. In the continuous pedestrian simulation model for complex simulation scenario with obstacles, the pedestrian path planning algorithm is an indispensable component, which is used for the calculation of pedestrian macro path and microscopic movement desired direction. However, there is less efficiency and poor robustness in the existing pedestrian path planning algorithm. To address this issue, we propose a new pedestrian path planning algorithm to solve these problems in this article. In our algorithm, we have two steps to determine pedestrian movement path, that is, the discrete potential fields are first generated by the flood fill algorithm and then the pedestrian desired speeds are determined along the negative gradient direction in the discrete potential field. Combined with the social force model, the proposed algorithm is applied in a corridor, a simple scene, and a complex scene, respectively, to verify its effectiveness and efficiency. The results demonstrate that the proposed pedestrian path planning algorithm in this article can greatly improve the computational efficiency of the continuous pedestrian simulation model, strengthen the robustness of application in complex scenes.

scholarly journals An Evacuation Model for Passenger Ships That Includes the Influence of Obstacles in Cabins

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baocheng Ni ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Pei Zhang ◽  
Xiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Interaction Forces ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
Passenger Behavior

Passenger behavior and ship environment are the key factors affecting evacuation efficiency. However, current studies ignore the interior layout of passenger ship cabins and treat the cabins as empty rooms. To investigate the influence of obstacles (e.g., tables and stools) on cabin evacuation, we propose an agent-based social force model for advanced evacuation analysis of passenger ships; this model uses a goal-driven submodel to determine a plan and an extended social force submodel to govern the movement of passengers. The extended social force submodel considers the interaction forces between the passengers, crew, and obstacles and minimises the range of these forces to improve computational efficiency. We drew the following conclusions based on a series of evacuation simulations conducted in this study: (1) the proposed model endows the passenger with the behaviors of bypassing and crossing obstacles, (2) funnel-shaped exits from cabins can improve evacuation efficiency, and (3) as the exit angle increases, the evacuation time also increases. These findings offer ship designers some insight towards increasing the safety of large passenger ships.

Study on the Invasion Behavior of E-Bikes with Motor Vehicle Traffic at a Signalized Intersection

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (31) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Yang ◽  
Xiaoxia Zhou ◽  
Danhong Wu ◽  
Sijing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Heterogeneous Traffic ◽  
Signalized Intersection ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Vehicle Traffic ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Stop Line

In many developing countries like China, many queuing electric bikes (e-bikes) passing an intersection simultaneously greatly reduces the capacity of the intersection for motor vehicles, by invading the passing area of motor vehicles. To study the invasion effect of e-bikes on the traffic flow of motor vehicles at an urban signalized intersection, this paper proposes a social force model for the heterogeneous traffic flow of motor vehicles and e-bikes. The proposed model is calibrated and validated using real data collected in Chengdu, China. The validation results show that the proposed model can replicate the heterogeneous traffic flow with low errors. Simulations based on the proposed model are conducted to investigate what strategies can reduce the invasion of e-bikes in normal motor vehicle traffic. The results show that when the number of queuing e-bikes before the stop line is more than 20, the two strategies can be applied: the stop-line-ahead strategy and the green-signal-ahead strategy. The study suggests that the 2–4 s of green signal ahead or 3–5 m of stop line ahead for non-motor vehicles can significantly reduce the interference of e-bikes on motor vehicle traffic. In addition, the combination of the two strategies can also obtain the same effect but with smaller change to the original intersection design.

scholarly journals Optimization of Building Exit Layout: Combining Exit Decisions of Evacuees

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Guofeng Ma ◽  
Yuqi Wang ◽  
Shan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Asymmetric Distribution ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Evacuation Simulation ◽  
Building Evacuation ◽  
Single Room ◽  
Proposed Model

Exits are essential to the efficiency of building evacuation due to its irreplaceable function, and the layout of multiple exits has always been the key concern for architectural design. To accurately evaluate the evacuation efficiency of different multiexit layouts and optimize the design rules, a dynamic exit decision model integrating an exit selection strategy and the social force model is developed to simulate the practical evacuation. And our proposed model outperforms the original social force model in terms of evacuation efficiency. Accordingly, different layouts are analyzed for evacuation in a single room with two exits. The analysis results reveal that evacuation time will be improved with the changes of exit locations and two parallel exits are validated as the most efficient layout among the three common categories. Affected by walking time and queuing time of evacuees, it is not conducive to evacuation whether the separation of two exits is too large or too small. Furthermore, an even symmetry is found more efficient than an asymmetric distribution of exits under some conditions. This work provides a basis for architectural designs of multiple exits and a foundation for further study of evacuation simulation.

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