Behavioural responses and biochemical correlates in Solea solea to gradual hypoxic exposure

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 2108-2113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Dalla Via ◽  
Guido Van den Thillart ◽  
Otello Cattani ◽  
Paolo Cortesi
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Standard Metabolic Rate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hypoxic Exposure ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Solea Solea ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Metabolic Strategies

The common sole, Solea solea, a benthic flatfish, is frequently exposed to environmental hypoxic conditions. A succession of behavioural responses to oxygen depletion can be observed. Under moderate hypoxia (80-20% air saturation) the fish reduce spontaneous activity and the scope for activity is lowered. At the onset of anaerobic metabolism (at 20% air saturation) the fish lie still on the bottom, but with increasing severity of hypoxia they start bending the body so as to lift the mouth above the bottom and to reach water layers with higher oxygen concentrations. Between 20 and 6% air saturation, the sole applies two different metabolic strategies: (i) it activates anaerobic metabolism and (ii) it depresses its metabolism below standard metabolic rate. At 5% air saturation or lower the fish swim up with burst- and panic-like movements and lose balance and swim in an uncoordinated manner (below 3%), finally remaining paralysed at the bottom. The correlation of behavioural and metabolic responses clearly shows that under unfavourable oxygen conditions, escape behaviour and burst activity are induced as a last response when other energy-saving alternatives (anaerobic metabolism and metabolic depression) seem to become insufficient.

Behavioural responses and biochemical correlates in Solea solea to gradual hypoxic exposure

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 2108-2113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Dalla Via ◽  
Guido Van den Thillart ◽  
Otello Cattani ◽  
Paolo Cortesi
Keyword(s):  
Hypoxic Exposure ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Solea Solea

scholarly journals Human muscle net K+ release during exercise is unaffected by elevated anaerobic metabolism, but reduced after prolonged acclimatization to 4,100 m

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (1) ◽  
pp. R306-R313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai B. Nordsborg ◽  
José A. L. Calbet ◽  
Mikael Sander ◽  
Gerrit van Hall ◽  
Carsten Juel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Hypoxic Exposure ◽  
Bicycle Exercise ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Anaerobic Energy ◽  
K Release ◽  
Bicycle Exercise Test ◽  
Venous Plasma

It was investigated whether skeletal muscle K+ release is linked to the degree of anaerobic energy production. Six subjects performed an incremental bicycle exercise test in normoxic and hypoxic conditions prior to and after 2 and 8 wk of acclimatization to 4,100 m. The highest workload completed by all subjects in all trials was 260 W. With acute hypoxic exposure prior to acclimatization, venous plasma [K+] was lower ( P < 0.05) in normoxia (4.9 ± 0.1 mM) than hypoxia (5.2 ± 0.2 mM) at 260 W, but similar at exhaustion, which occurred at 400 ± 9 W and 307 ± 7 W ( P < 0.05), respectively. At the same absolute exercise intensity, leg net K+ release was unaffected by hypoxic exposure independent of acclimatization. After 8 wk of acclimatization, no difference existed in venous plasma [K+] between the normoxic and hypoxic trial, either at submaximal intensities or at exhaustion (360 ± 14 W vs. 313 ± 8 W; P < 0.05). At the same absolute exercise intensity, leg net K+ release was less ( P < 0.001) than prior to acclimatization and reached negative values in both hypoxic and normoxic conditions after acclimatization. Moreover, the reduction in plasma volume during exercise relative to rest was less ( P < 0.01) in normoxic than hypoxic conditions, irrespective of the degree of acclimatization (at 260 W prior to acclimatization: −4.9 ± 0.8% in normoxia and −10.0 ± 0.4% in hypoxia). It is concluded that leg net K+ release is unrelated to anaerobic energy production and that acclimatization reduces leg net K+ release during exercise.

Chronic Hypoxia as a Potential Factor in Human Life-threatening Diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3759-3762
Author(s):  
Sandhya MNVS ◽  
Vanitha K ◽  
Ramesh A
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hypoxia ◽  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Otto Warburg ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Cancerous Cell

The review article focuses on the importance of adequate oxygen levels in the body as cure and therapy for many ailments. It is known that hypoxia is the cause for cellular damage and if it can be applied to major patho-physiology’s, it can be observed that slow and chronic hypoxic conditions are the cause for most of the diseases. On the contrary, providing each cell of the body with proper oxygen may be helpful in maintaining the immunity of the body and therefore treating many disease conditions. This theory, if tested may show positive results in heart related diseases, neuronal disorders, stresses, digestive disorders and the unresolved cancer too. Slow decrease in the levels of atmospheric oxygen could be a reason to induce chronic hypoxia. According to Dr. Otto Warburg, a Noble laurate, a normal cell when deprived of oxygen, may get converted to a cancerous cell, whereas a cancerous cell cannot survive in aerobic conditions. If this part of his research be concentrated on, there could be fruitful results in the treatment of cancer. To maintain adequate levels of oxygen in the body, simple yogic breathing practices are helpful. And to maintain the adequate atmospheric oxygen, trees and plants which cleanse the atmospheric air are useful. Clinical surveys on volunteers who have been practicing regular breathing exercises can prove the fact that proper and concentrated respiration could prevent many diseases. Thus, supplementing breathing exercises along with the regular treatment for cancer patients could be helpful in alleviating cancer and other diseases.

scholarly journals Intermittent Hypoxia Affects the Spontaneous DifferentiationIn Vitroof Human Neutrophils into Long-Lived Giant Phagocytes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Dyugovskaya ◽  
Slava Berger ◽  
Andrey Polyakov ◽  
Peretz Lavie ◽  
Lena Lavie
Keyword(s):  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Extended Lifespan ◽  
First Time ◽  
Dose Dependent

Previously we identified, for the first time, a new small-size subset of neutrophil-derived giant phagocytes (Gϕ) which spontaneously developin vitrowithout additional growth factors or cytokines. Gϕare CD66b+/CD63+/MPO+/LC3B+and are characterized by extended lifespan, large phagolysosomes, active phagocytosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and autophagy largely controls their formation. Hypoxia, and particularly hypoxia/reoxygenation, is a prominent feature of many pathological processes. Herein we investigated Gϕformation by applying various hypoxic conditions. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) (29 cycles/day for 5 days) completely abolished Gϕformation, while acute IH had dose-dependent effects. Exposure to 24 h (56 IH cycles) decreased their size, yield, phagocytic ability, autophagy, mitophagy, and gp91-phox/p22-phoxexpression, whereas under 24 h sustained hypoxia (SH) the size and expression of LC3B and gp91-phox/p22-phoxresembled Gϕformed in normoxia. Diphenyl iodide (DPI), a NADPH oxidase inhibitor, as well as the PI3K/Akt and autophagy inhibitor LY294002 abolished Gϕformation at all oxygen conditions. However, the potent antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) abrogated the effects of IH by inducing large CD66b+/LC3B+Gϕand increased both NADPH oxidase expression and phagocytosis. These findings suggest that NADPH oxidase, autophagy, and the PI3K/Akt pathway are involved in Gϕdevelopment.

scholarly journals Aerobic and anaerobic metabolism for the zebrafish, Danio rerio, reared under normoxic and hypoxic conditions and exposed to acute hypoxia during development

2010 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
WR Barrionuevo ◽  
MN Fernandes ◽  
O Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Growth Delay ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Mild Hypoxia

In order to verify the influence of chronic and acute ambient oxygen levels from egg to adult stage of the zebrafish, in vivo oxygen consumption (MO2), critical tensions of oxygen (Pcrit), heart rate (fH) and total body lactate concentration (Lc) were determined for Danio rerio (Hamilton, 1822) raised at 28 °C under normoxic (7.5 mgO2.L-1 or 80 mm.Hg-1) and hypoxic conditions (4.3 mgO2.L-1) and exposed to acute hypoxia during different developmental stages. Our findings confirmed that very early stages do not respond effectively to ambient acute hypoxia. However, after the stage corresponding to the age of 30 days, D. rerio was able to respond to acute hypoxia through effective physiological mechanisms involving aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. Such responses were more efficient for the fishes reared under hypoxia which showed that D. rerio survival capability increased during acclimation to mild hypoxia. Measurements of body mass and length showed that moderate hypoxia did not affect growth significantly until the fish reached the stage of 60 days. Moreover, a growth delay was verified for the hypoxic-reared animals. Also, the D. rerio eggs-to-larvae survival varied from 87.7 to 62.4% in animals reared under normoxia and mild hypoxia, respectively. However, the surviving animals raised under moderated hypoxia showed a better aptitude to regulate aerobic and anaerobic capacities when exposed to acute hypoxia.

scholarly journals Nitric oxide and hypoxia at adaptation to muscular work (brief review)

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-88
Author(s):  
Alexander S Radchenko
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hypoxic Exposure ◽  
Muscular Work ◽  
Muscle Work ◽  
Inorganic Nitrate ◽  
Mechanisms Of Adaptation ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation

The The last two decades there has been a growing interest in the nitric oxide (NO) function in the body of a healthy person. In the study, two very specific problems are discussed: a) the NO involvement in mechanisms of adaptation at muscular work under hypoxia conditions, and b) the inorganic nitrate supplementation in athlete’s diet with the aim of sports performance improvement. The reorganizations that occur in the heart vasculature and in skeletal muscle for providing muscle work under hypoxia conditions examined. The named problems are particularly relevant in contemporary sports in which the adding of hypoxic exposure on a body of training persons as well as the inorganic nitrate in sports nutrition application as added means to special performance improvement. Raise the problem of the hypoxia and inorganic nitrate mutual exploitation in the training process.

scholarly journals Comparison of Serum HIF-1α Levels in Swimming Athletes Before and After Hypoxic Non-Hypoxic Exercise

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Syahrastani Syahrastani ◽  
Argantos Argantos ◽  
Siska Alicia Farma
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Adaptation To Hypoxia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Hypoxic Exercise

The situation of lack of oxygen supply to cells and tissues is often not realized by many people (hypoxia). Hypoxia can occur in various situations in life. The main effect of hypoxia is the effect on the brain, so the body will do everything it can to restore the state of homeostasis. HIF-1α protein is a marker of hypoxic conditions. HIF-1α regulates the synthesis of many genes to maintain and restore body homeostasis from hypoxia to normoxia. This study was a descriptive study with cross-sectional design. The sample of this study were six swimming athletes with a 12-19 year age range who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The HIF-1α protein is measured by the ELISA method. Data were analyzed statistically. The results showed higher levels of HIF-1α after anaerobic exercise than the levels of HIF-1α before and after aerobic exercise. This is greatly influenced by the intensity of the exercise carried out. This proves that cellular adaptation to hypoxia is more stable in aerobic exercise, where the body's metabolism during aerobic exercise is more stable  

scholarly journals Oxygen depletion during sapropel deposition: Reassessing redox proxies for reconstructing surface and bottom water oxygen conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Monedero-Contreras ◽  
Francisca Martinez-Ruiz ◽  
Francisco J. Rodríguez-Tovar ◽  
David Gallego-Torres ◽  
Gert J. de Lange
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Water ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Water Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Conditions

Breathing Movements in Entobdella Soleae (Trematoda, Monogenea) from the Skin of the Common Sole

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Kearn
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Scyliorhinus Canicula ◽  
Solea Solea ◽  
Flat Fish ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Common Sole

An undulating movement of the body was observed in Entobdella soleae, a monogenean found on the blind surface of a mud-dwelling flat-fish, Solea solea, at Plymouth. The movement is described and shown to have a breathing function, the rate of undulation increasing with decreasing oxygen content of the ambient sea water and vice versa.The relationship between the movement and micro-habitat is discussed and the phenomenon is compared with breathing movements in other muddwelling animals.A similar movement was noted in three other skin-parasitic monogeneans: Acanthocotyle sp. from Raia clavata, Pseudocotyle squatinae from Squatina squatina and Leptocotyle minor from Scyliorhinus canicula.

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