Spatial distribution, survival, and growth of sibling groups of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in an experimental stream channel

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 2119-2123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Quinn ◽  
Andrew H. Dittman ◽  
N. Phil Peterson ◽  
Eric Volk
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Positive Density ◽  
Stream Channel ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Intrapopulation Variation ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Dependent Growth ◽  
Sibling Recognition

The spatial distribution, survival, and growth of two full-sibling families of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in an experimental outdoor stream channel were compared between the families and with the performance of one of the families in an allopatric control channel after 75 d of rearing. No difference in survival was observed between families (81.2% overall), but their spatial distributions in the channel differed markedly. One family or the other numerically dominated 5 of 7 riffle-pool habitat units within the sympatric treatment channel. The family that was larger at the beginning of the experiment (0.52 vs. 0.37 g mean mass) was also larger at the end (2.03 vs. 1.58 g). While there was little evidence of density-dependent growth overall, the growth of each family was correlated with the density of siblings in the unit. However, the larger bodied family showed negative density-dependent growth, whereas the smaller bodied family showed positive density-dependent growth. These patterns of distribution and growth may have arisen from sibling recognition or some other proximate mechanism such as assortative distribution based on size or interfamily variation in aggression. Regardless of the mechanism, intrapopulation variation in distribution and growth may lead to considerable variation in fitness among families because these factors affect success in subsequent freshwater and marine life history stages.

Density-Dependence at Sea for Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1765-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Emlen ◽  
R. R. Reisenbichler ◽  
A. M. McGie ◽  
T. E. Nickelson
Keyword(s):  
Density Dependence ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Density Dependent Mortality ◽  
Hatchery Fish ◽  
Statistical Assumptions ◽  
Diminishing Returns ◽  
Salmon Hatchery ◽  
Dependent Mortality

The success of expanded salmon hatchery programs will depend strongly on the degree of density-induced diminishing returns per smolt released. Several authors have addressed the question of density-dependent mortality at sea in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), but have come to conflicting conclusions. We believe there are compelling reasons to reinvestigate the data, and have done so for public hatchery fish, using a variety of approaches. The results provide evidence that survival of these public hatchery fish is negatively affected, directly by the number of public hatchery smolts and indirectly by the number of private hatchery smolts. These results are weak, statistically, and should be considered primarily as a caution to those who, on the basis of other published work, believe that density-dependence does not exist. The results reported here also re-emphasize the often overlooked point that inferences drawn from data are strongly biased by investigators' views of how the systems of interest work and by the statistical assumptions they make preparatory to the analysis of those data.

Sibling recognition and olfactory sensitivity in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Quinn ◽  
Toshiaki J. Hara
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Olfactory Sensitivity ◽  
Secondary Role ◽  
Olfactory Sense ◽  
Sibling Recognition

Previous experiments indicated that juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) can distinguish the chemical traces of siblings from nonsiblings of their own population. The present study confirmed the finding that coho salmon use chemoreceptor systems to distinguish tankmate siblings from nonsiblings that they have not been reared with. However, salmon did not distinguish siblings from nonsiblings or maternal half-siblings if they had been reared together. Electrophysiological experiments demonstrated that the olfactory sense of young coho salmon can detect certain amino acids and a bile acid at concentrations of about 10−8 to 10−9 M. Additional tests suggest that bile acids are probably of primary importance in chemically characterizing conspecifics and amino acids play a secondary role.

Effects of solar ultraviolet radiation on the behaviour of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch): avoidance, feeding, and agonistic interactions

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Blair Holtby ◽  
Max L Bothwell
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Dependent Growth ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet

The behaviour of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) was observed in outdoor experimental flumes in which three different spectral regimes were created by plastic covers that selectively blocked all or portions of natural ultraviolet radiation (UVR). The three light treatments were (i) photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 400–700 nm), (ii) PAR plus longer wavelength ultraviolet (PAR + UVA, 320–700 nm), and (iii) full-spectrum sunlight with both long and short wavelength ultraviolet included (PAR + UVA + UVB, 280–700 nm). Observations made at different times of the day and under both overcast and sunny skies allowed an assessment of PAR intensity on behaviour in addition to that of UVR. We quantified shade-seeking behaviour, feeding strikes, and agonistic interactions (approaches, chases, and nips) between individuals. Under higher PAR intensities, a greater proportion of juvenile coho tended to take cover under rocks. Shade-seeking behaviour increased significantly in the presence of UVR. Feeding and agonistic interactions were partially inhibited at higher PAR intensities and very significantly depressed by UVR. For all behaviours tested, the effects were mediated by UVA with no significant additional impacts from UVB. UVR-mediated effects on behaviour could have ecological consequences through influencing summer densities, density-dependent growth, and size-dependent winter and early marine survivals.

Effects of Salinity on the Survival and Growth of Pre-Smolt Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

1971 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Otto
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Food Conversion Efficiency

Salinity tolerance of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) increased markedly during the period from approximately [Formula: see text] months after emergence from the gravel to the onset of the smolt transformation, except for a decline in the fall. In January, salinity tolerance ceased to limit dispersal to the sea. The limiting effects of high salinities on survival were less for larger fish than for smaller individuals and were substantially reduced by a period of exposure to dilute salinities. Growth rate, food intake, and gross food conversion efficiency had the highest values at salinities of 5–10 ppt throughout the pre-smolt period. The results are discussed in relation to the feasibility of using saltwater impoundments as a management tool in increasing coho production.

Acute Toxicities of a Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) and DDT Alone and in Combination to Early Life Stages of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1543-1547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark T. Halter ◽  
Howard E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Early Life Stages ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Aroclor 1254 ◽  
Egg Hatchability ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Additive Toxicity

Egg hatchability, mean time to hatching, and alevin survival and growth decreased when coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) eggs and alevins were exposed at 12–14 C to 4.4 μg/liter Aroclor 1254 or higher until 4 wk after hatching, and to 15 μg/liter or more until 2 days before hatching. Premature hatching occurred in all egg groups exposed to the PCB. The median survival times of fry exposed to Aroclor 1254–DDT combinations for two wk were similar to those after exposure to the various concentrations of DDT alone. The more rapid reaction time to DDT is suggested as the basis for lack of additive toxicity.

The Retention of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Carcasses by Organic Debris in Small Streams

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1222-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
C J. Cederholm ◽  
N. P. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Zone ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Release Site ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Stream Channel ◽  
Olympic Peninsula ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Organic Debris ◽  
Small Streams

Twenty marked coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) carcasses were placed in each of nine small streams on the Olympic Peninsula of Washington during the fall–winter spawning period. Distribution of the carcasses in 500 m of stream below each release site was followed for 4 wk. One week after placement, 78 of the 180 carcasses were found in the nine study reaches; 80% were found in the first 200 m downstream of the release sites. A general positive trend was observed between the number of carcasses retained and the amount of debris in the stream channel (r = 0.61). Terrestrial animals rapidly consumed carcasses during the experiment, and removed many of them to the riparian zone.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document