The leg muscles of the American coot (Fulica americana Gmelin)

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1236-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin W. C. Rosser ◽  
D. M. Secoy ◽  
P. W. Riegert
Keyword(s):  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Pars Intermedia ◽  
Distal Half ◽  
Fulica Americana ◽  
The Third ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Extensor Hallucis Longus ◽  
Pars Interna ◽  
Longitudinal Division ◽  
American Coot

The gross anatomy of all the leg muscles of the American coot (Fulica americana Gmelin) is described. These findings differ on a number of points from earlier investigations of gruiform anatomy: the presence of M. iliotrochantericus medius, the presence of two heads and one inserting tendon of M. femorotibialis internus, the presence of M. gastrocnemius pars intermedia, the presence of two heads of M. flexor perforatus digiti II, the presence of M. extensor hallucis longus pars distalis, the belly of M. adductor digiti II extending for most of the tarsometatarsal length, the belly of M. abductor digiti IV confined to the distal half of the tarsometatarsus, the rudimentary presence of M. adductor digiti IV, and the absence of patellae. Unique to F. americana within the few gruiforms that have been studied is a longitudinal division in the superficial side of M. gastrocnemius pars interna. The species has adaptations associated with swimming and diving; the muscles that flex and extend the tarsometatarsus and the third digit are well developed.

The wing muscles of the American coot (Fulica americana Gmelin)

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1758-1773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin W. C. Rosser
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Fulica Americana ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
American Coot

The gross anatomy of all wing muscles of the American coot (Fulica americana Gmelin) is described. A number of myological features distinguish the rallids from the other gruiforms studied to date: the presence of M. subcoracoideus caput dorsale, the insertion of M. flexor digitorum superficialis on Phalanx proximalis digiti majoris, the presence of a deep belly of M. expansor secundariorum, and the origin of M. expansor secundariorum tendo proximalis from a small craniomedial tubercle on the scapula. Unique to F. americana, within the gruiforms studied, M. biceps brachii pars propatagialis attaches to both Tendo longa and Tendo brevis of M. tensor propatagialis.

American Coot (Fulica americana) and Hawaiian Coot (Fulica alai)

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Lehr Brisbin ◽  
H. Douglas Pratt ◽  
Thomas B. Mowbray
Keyword(s):  
Fulica Americana ◽  
American Coot

The riboflavin requirement of the White Wyandotte chick. III. The rates of depletion of the tissues

1947 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Bolton
Keyword(s):  
Deficient Diet ◽  
The Third ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Riboflavin Deficient

1. Experiments are described in which the riboflavin contents of the liver, kidney, heart and leg muscles of chicks were assayed during the first few weeks after hatching, using birds reared on both riboflavin-deficient and riboflavin-adequate diets.2. Changes in the composition of the liver during the first 3 weeks after hatching have been studied.3. At hatching, half the chick's liver consists of oil; this proportion is maintained during the first week, but falls to about one-eighth during the second week and maintains this level during the third week.4. When birds are reared on a riboflavin-deficient diet, the riboflavin concentrations of the heart and kidney are reduced more rapidly than that of the leg muscles.

scholarly journals Decrease of the major high molecular weight surface glycoprotein of human granulocytes in monosomy-7 associated with defective chemotaxis

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-406
Author(s):  
CG Gahmberg ◽  
LC Andersson ◽  
P Ruutu ◽  
TT Timonen ◽  
A Hanninen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Chromosome 7 ◽  
Surface Glycoprotein ◽  
Monosomy 7 ◽  
Distal Half ◽  
The Third ◽  
Human Granulocytes ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Chemotactic Ability ◽  
Normal Human Blood

By use of the galactose/NaB3H4 surface labeling technique followed by polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis, it is shown that the major labeled surface glycoprotein (GP130) of normal human blood granulocytes is markedly reduced in granulocytes from three patients with a chromosomal abnormality in all or most bone marrow mitoses. The abnormality consisted of monosomy-7 in two and deletion of the distal half of the long arm of chromosome-7 in the third. The granulocytes from these patients showed reduced chemotaxis. These results suggest that the expression of GP130, as well as the chemotactic ability of the cells, are at least in part controlled by one or several genes on chromosome-7. The GP130 protein may be involved in normal granulocyte chemotaxis.

scholarly journals Strength Abilities: Immediate and Delayed Training Effects of Orthogonal Modes of Strength Training in Boys Aged 8 Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Olha Ivashchenko ◽  
Oleg Khudolii ◽  
Krzysztof Prusik ◽  
Vasilios Giovanis
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Training Effects ◽  
Back Muscles ◽  
The Third ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Shoulder Muscles ◽  
Strength Exercises ◽  
The Impact

The study purpose was to determine the dynamics of training effects of orthogonal modes of strength training in boys aged 8 years. Materials and methods. The study participants were 48 boys aged 8 years. The experiment was performed using a 22 factorial design. The study materials were processed using the IBM SPSS 22 statistical analysis program.Discriminant analysis was performed. The study examined the impact of four variants of strength training loads on the immediate (ITE) and delayed (DTE) training effects of orthogonal modes of strength exercises and rest intervals in 8-year-old boys. Results. In the first variant of strength training, the largest contribution to the dynamics of training effects is made by the work performed at the first place “exercises to strengthen arm and shoulder muscles”; in the second variant, the largest contribution to the dynamics of training effects is made by the work performed at the third place “exercises to strengthen back muscles”; in the third variant, the largest contribution to the dynamics of training effects is made by the work performed at the first “exercises to strengthen arm and shoulder muscles” and the third “exercises to strengthen back muscles” places; in the fourth variant, the largest contribution to the dynamics of ITE is made by thework performed at the first “exercises to strengthen arm and shoulder muscles” and the third “exercises to strengthen back muscles” places. The most significant changes in the DTE are associated with the fourth place’s work “exercises to strengthen leg muscles”. Conclusions. The response to strength training load includes immediate and delayed training effects. Thus it can be argued that training effects can be classified using the given battery of tests based on discriminant analysis. The efficiency of discriminant analysis increases when using 2k FFE active experiments.

American Coot (Fulica americana)

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Lehr Brisbin Jr. ◽  
Thomas B. Mowbray
Keyword(s):  
Fulica Americana ◽  
American Coot

Development of vocalizations in the American Coot

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 1921-1928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Cosens
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Vocal Development ◽  
Call Duration ◽  
Fulica Americana ◽  
American Coot ◽  
Young Chicks

Vocal development was followed in laboratory-reared American Coots (Fulica americana). Four call types were observed in young chicks: twitter, wit-ou, squawk, and yeow. During the first month all calls showed changes in pitch. Call duration showed no change in the twitter and yeow calls, but showed an increase in both the wit-ou and squawk calls. Twitters were dropped from the repertoire after 30 days of age, whereas yeow calls were dropped after about 2 months of age. When approximately 2 months old, juveniles used three calls, one derived from the squawk, and two derived from the wit-ou. Sexual dimorphism also developed when birds were about 2 months old. By 3 months of age, juvenile calls resembled those of adult coots.

Pelecitus fulicaeatrae (Nematoda: Filarioidea) of coots (Gruiformes) and grebes (Podicipediformes): skin-inhabiting microfilariae and development in Mallophaga

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 2803-2812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl M. Bartlett ◽  
R. C. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Chewing Louse ◽  
First Report ◽  
Fulica Americana ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Podiceps Grisegena

Pelecitus fulicaeatrae (Diesing, 1861) was found among tendons near the ankle (tibiotarso-tarsometatarsalis articulation) in 11 of 15 adult coots (Fulica americana) from Brooks, Alberta, Canada, in 6 of 9 adult coots from Delta, Manitoba, Canada, and in 2 of 4 adult red-necked grebes (Podiceps grisegena) from Brooks. Microfilariae of P. fulicaeatrae were found in skin of the feathered portions of the legs of infected birds, generally in the dermis around feather follicles; this is the first report of skin-inhabiting microfilariae among avian filarioids. Development of P. fulicaeatrae to the third stage in the chewing louse Pseudomenopon pilosum (Scopoli) (Mallophaga: Amblycera) is described. Microfilariae and developing first-stage larvae were found in nymphal and adult lice but third-stage larvae were found only in adults; prevalence of third-stage larvae was significantly higher in females than in males. Adult P. fulicaeatrae were recovered from an experimentally inoculated, laboratory-reared coot and from laboratory-reared coots that had been housed with infected and infested wild-caught coots. Pelecitus fulicaeatrae is the first filarioid in the Dirofilariinae known to be transmitted by lice and the third found in birds. Pseudomenopon pilosum was found on 40 (85%) of 47 coots of undetermined ages from Alberta and Pseudomenopon dolium (Rudow) was found on all of 5 juvenile red-necked grebes also from Alberta. Possibly, P. pilosum occasionally transfers to grebes and (or) P. dolium also transmits P. fulicaeatrae.

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