Nitrite-Reducing Bacteria on Cod Fillets

1949 ◽  
Vol 7c (9) ◽  
pp. 528-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Castell
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Trimethylamine Oxide ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Nitrite-reducing bacteria are present on fresh cod fillets; the proportion increases during storage and they shortly become the predominating flora.Nitrite-reducing bacteria decrease the retarding action that small amounts of nitrite have on the bacterial reduction of trimethylamine oxide.

scholarly journals Sources of Conductance Changes during Bacterial Reduction of Trimethylamine Oxide to Trimethylammonium in Phosphate Buffer

Microbiology ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 131 (6) ◽  
pp. 1357-1361
Author(s):  
J. D. OWENS ◽  
D. R. MISKIN ◽  
M. C. WACHER-VIVEROS ◽  
L. C. A. BENGE
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Trimethylamine Oxide ◽  
Conductance Changes

The Influence of Trimethylamine Oxide on the Bacterial Reduction of Redox Indicators

1950 ◽  
Vol 7d (10) ◽  
pp. 567-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Castell
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Redox Indicators ◽  
Reduction Potentials ◽  
Trimethylamine Oxide ◽  
Oxidation Reduction

In the presence of bacteria capable of reducing it, trimethylamine oxide exerts a poising action on the oxidation-reduction potentials of media. This poising is at an Eh level considerably electropositive to the Eó of the redox indicators commonly used in the "reduction tests" used for determining the bacterial quality of foods.

Bacterial Reduction of Sodium Nitrite and Formation of Trimethylamine in Fish

1949 ◽  
Vol 7c (8) ◽  
pp. 461-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Dyer
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Nitrate Reduction ◽  
Oxide Reduction ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Trimethylamine Oxide

Bacteria reduce sodium nitrite in stored cod fillets. Rapid reduction of trimethylamine oxide is inhibited by the nitrite in the concentrations used, up to 700 p.p.m., trimethylamine formation occurring only after the nitrite is reduced to about 50 p.p.m. This results in an increased keeping time in fillets treated with nitrite. The surface pH remains acid until the rapid trimethylamine formation takes place.Nitrate alone, more slowly in the presence of nitrite, is rapidly reduced to nitrite and beyond. The trimethylamine oxide reduction is not affected by the nitrate reduction, the former being usually reduced before the nitrate.

Studies of Fish Spoilage: IV. The Bacterial Reduction of Trimethylamine Oxide

1939 ◽  
Vol 4b (4) ◽  
pp. 252-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis W. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Total Bacterial Population ◽  
Trimethylamine Oxide ◽  
Sparing Effect ◽  
Anaerobic Environment

In fish muscle press juice simulating the surface and the interior of muscle, there is an aerobic environment in the surface layer and an anaerobic environment in the body of the liquid. The Eh potential of the former is about 0.3 volts and of the latter from −0.5 to −0.10 volt.It is found that the bacterial population proliferating at 2 °C. is chiefly Achromobacter, which can be divided into two groups, obligate aerobes and facultative anaerobes. Only the latter group, which is capable of growth in the interior or surface, is responsible for the reduction of trimethylamine oxide with the evolution of trimethylamine. Since the initial total count is made up of a large number of obligate aerobes or non-oxide reducers it is obvious that the total bacterial population cannot be related to trimethylamine production. The appearance of this base therefore may be taken to indicate a bacterial population which is in excess of that responsible for its production.Molecular oxygen at surface exercises a trimethylamine oxide sparing effect. In practice, however, this effect is not significant from the point of view of the freshness test in the sense of Beatty and Gibbons.

scholarly journals Bacterial Reduction Of Barium Sulphate By Sulphate-Reducing Bacteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alena Luptáková ◽  
Ingrida Kotuličová ◽  
Magdaléna Bálintová ◽  
Štefan Demčák
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Barium Chloride ◽  
Barium Sulphate ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Sulphate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
High Investment ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

AbstractAcid mine drainage (AMD) is a worldwide problem leading to contamination of water sources. AMD are characterized by low pH and high content of heavy metals and sulphates. The barium salts application presents one of the methods for the sulphates removing from AMD. Barium chloride, barium hydroxide and barium sulphide are used for the sulphates precipitation in the form of barium sulphate. Because of high investment costs of barium salts, barium sulphide is recycled from barium sulphate precipitates. It can be recycled by thermic or bacterial reduction of barium sulphate. The aim of our study was to verify experimentally the possibility of the bacterial transformation of BaSO4to BaS by sulphate-reducing bacteria. Applied BaSO4came from experiments of sulphates removal from Smolnik AMD using BaCl2.

THE BACTERIAL REDUCTION OF SULPHATES

1936 ◽  
Vol 14b (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Young
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Sulphate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Deep Wells ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Valley Area

The presence of sulphate-reducing bacteria in waters of the Coutts area, as indicated by chemical analyses, has been proved, and they have been shown to be absent from deep wells of the Turner Valley area. A limited number of tests indicates that they are absent from deep wells in the Wainwright area. They have been found in Idaho soils and in sewage.A procedure for proving their presence is described; pure cultures have been prepared, and some of their biochemical characteristics have been noted.The significance of the presence of these organisms in deep wells, soils and sewage is discussed, and some problems for further study are indicated.

The Effect of Certain Antibiotics on the Production of Trimethylamine and Hydrogen Sulphide by Bacterial Enzymes

1957 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 771-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Castell ◽  
Maxine F. Greenough
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Bacterial Enzymes ◽  
Washed Cell ◽  
Trimethylamine Oxide

By the use of the washed cell technique it has been shown that the antibiotics chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, polycycline and nisin in concentrations from 1 to 50 p.p.m. do not retard the bacterial reduction of trimethylamine oxide to trimethylamine. It has also been shown that chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline do not inhibit the reduction of cysteine to hydrogen sulphide by bacterial enzymes.

scholarly journals Plutonium(IV) Reduction by the Metal-Reducing Bacteria Geobacter metallireducens GS15 and Shewanella oneidensis MR1

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (18) ◽  
pp. 5897-5903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakim Boukhalfa ◽  
Gary A. Icopini ◽  
Sean D. Reilly ◽  
Mary P. Neu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Shewanella Oneidensis ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Geobacter Metallireducens ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Solid Phases ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Metal Reducing Bacteria

ABSTRACT The bacterial reduction of actinides has been suggested as a possible remedial strategy for actinide-contaminated environments, and the bacterial reduction of Pu(VI/V) has the potential to produce highly insoluble Pu(IV) solid phases. However, the behavior of plutonium with regard to bacterial reduction is more complex than for other actinides because it is possible for Pu(IV) to be further reduced to Pu(III), which is relatively more soluble than Pu(IV). This work investigates the ability of the metal-reducing bacteria Geobacter metallireducens GS15 and Shewanella oneidensis MR1 to enzymatically reduce freshly precipitated amorphous Pu(IV) (OH)4 [Pu(IV)(OH)4(am)] and soluble Pu(IV)(EDTA). In cell suspensions without added complexing ligands, minor Pu(III) production was observed in cultures containing S. oneidensis, but little or no Pu(III) production was observed in cultures containing G. metallireducens. In the presence of EDTA, most of the Pu(IV)(OH)4(am) present was reduced to Pu(III) and remained soluble in cell suspensions of both S. oneidensis and G. metallireducens. When soluble Pu(IV)(EDTA) was provided as the terminal electron acceptor, cell suspensions of both S. oneidensis and G. metallireducens rapidly reduced Pu(IV)(EDTA) to Pu(III)(EDTA) with nearly complete reduction within 20 to 40 min, depending on the initial concentration. Neither bacterium was able to use Pu(IV) (in any of the forms used) as a terminal electron acceptor to support growth. These results have significant implications for the potential remediation of plutonium and suggest that strongly reducing environments where complexing ligands are present may produce soluble forms of reduced Pu species.

The Bacterial Reduction of Trimethylamine Oxide to Trimethylamine

1939 ◽  
Vol 4b (5) ◽  
pp. 367-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. A. Tarr
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Specificity ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Intact Cell ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Free State ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Trimethylamine Oxide ◽  
Sea Fish

Only three of thirty microorganisms isolated from seven samples of fresh or lightly smoked sea fish muscle in various stages of decomposition reduced trimethylamine oxide to trimethylamine. This reduction is due to an enzyme, which activates trimethylamine oxide rendering it susceptible to reduction by many of the dehydrogenases of the bacterial cell. This enzyme, as it occurs in the intact cell, is apparently completely inhibited by toluene-treatment but not by cyanide. It. has not yet been obtained in cell-free state, and its substrate specificity has not been determined. Putrid fish muscle, with negligible amounts of trimethylamine, has been obtained by inoculating aseptically excised fish muscle with non-trimethylamine forming bacteria.

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