Electrical stimulation with Pt electrodes. VIII. Electrochemically safe charge injection limits with 0.2 ms pulses (neuronal application)

1990 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1118-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.L. Rose ◽  
L.S. Robblee
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Charge Injection ◽  
Pt Electrodes

Electrical stimulation with Pt electrodes. V. The effect of protein on Pt dissolution

Biomaterials ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.S. Robblee ◽  
J. McHardy ◽  
J.M. Marston ◽  
S.B. Brummer
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Pt Electrodes ◽  
Pt Dissolution

scholarly journals Corrosion Study of Implanted Tin Electrodes Using Excessive Electrical Stimulation in Minipigs

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzan Meijs ◽  
Kristian Rechendorff ◽  
Søren Sørensen ◽  
Nico Rijkhoff
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Charge Injection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Implanted Electrodes ◽  
Electrode Degradation ◽  
Lower Charge

(1) Background: Titanium nitride (TiN) electrodes have been used for implantable stimulation and sensing electrodes for decades. Nevertheless, there still is a discrepancy between the in vitro and in vivo determined safe charge injection limits. This study investigated the consequences of pulsing implanted electrodes beyond the in vivo safe charge injection limits. (2) Methods: The electrodes were implanted for a month and then pulsed at 20 mA and 50 mA and 200 Hz and 400 Hz. Afterwards, the electrodes were investigated using electrochemical and analytical methods to evaluate whether electrode degradation had occurred. (3) Results: Electrochemical tests showed that electrodes that pulsed at 20 mA and 200 Hz (lowest electrical dose) had a significantly lower charge injection capacity and higher impedance than the other used and unused electrodes. (4) Conclusions: The electrodes pulsed at the lowest electrical dose, for which no tissue damage was found, appeared to have degraded. Electrodes pulsed at higher electrical doses for which tissue damage did occur, on the other hand, show no significant degradation in electrochemical tests compared to unused implanted and not implanted electrodes. It is thus clear that the tissue surrounding the electrode has an influence on the charge injection properties of the electrodes and vice versa.

Interdigitated array of Pt electrodes for electrical stimulation and engineering of aligned muscle tissue

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samad Ahadian ◽  
Javier Ramón-Azcón ◽  
Serge Ostrovidov ◽  
Gulden Camci-Unal ◽  
Vahid Hosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Pt Electrodes ◽  
Interdigitated Array

Electrical stimulation with Pt electrodes. IV. Factors influencing Pt dissolution in inorganic saline

Biomaterials ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J McHardy ◽  
L.S Robblee ◽  
J.M Marston ◽  
S.B Brummer
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Pt Electrodes ◽  
Pt Dissolution

Synthesis of amphiphilic reduced graphene oxide with an enhanced charge injection capacity for electrical stimulation of neural cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (27) ◽  
pp. 4331-4337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Jun Xu ◽  
Qin Song ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Zhaolei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Charge Injection ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
High Charge ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Stimulation Of

A facile method was developed to synthesize amphiphilic reduced graphene oxide for electrical stimulation of neural cells with high charge injection capacity.

scholarly journals Charge injection based electrical stimulation on polypyrrole planar electrodes to regulate cellular osteogenic differentiation

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (33) ◽  
pp. 18470-18479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongguang Liu ◽  
Lingqing Dong ◽  
Kui Cheng ◽  
Zhongkuan Luo ◽  
Wenjian Weng
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Charge Injection ◽  
Planar Electrodes

This study reveals that the Qinj on electrodes is a more significant factor than applied voltage for electrical stimulation to regulate cellular osteogenic differentiation, and the charge injection capacity can be tuned by thickness of Ppy.

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