Colletotrichum coccodes. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Elizabeth
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Colletotrichum Coccodes ◽  
Black Dot ◽  
Weed Hosts ◽  
Dead Material ◽  
Extensive Growth ◽  
Carry Over

Abstract A description is provided for Colletotrichum coccodes. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Lycopersicon esculentum, Solanum tuberosum and over 35 other hosts, representing 13 families chiefly in the Cucurbitaceae, Leguminosae and Solanaceae (Cheaters & Hornby, 1965). Also on onion and strawberry on inoculation (36: 45). DISEASES: Black dot of potato and tomato, anthracnose of fruits of tomato, chilli (Capsicum) and squash. Causes a distinctive cortical brown rot of stems and roots of potato and tomato, chilli, eggplant and winter cherry (Solanum capsicastrum). The roots of other less susceptible hosts including chrysanthemum, white mustard, cress, cabbage, and lettuce are only lightly colonized, and the infected plants may be symptomless. Commonly causes destruction of cortical tissues of stems and roots of hosts, also fruit rot of tomato. On potato, black dot on stem root, and tuber, sometimes associated with leaf scorch (31: 574), skin necrosis (38: 621), rubbery tuber wilt (41: 670) and spindle sprout (35: 540, 918). Enzymes secreted by the pathogen are responsible for foot and root rot stages; wilting of aerial organs is a remote effect of operation of toxins (35: 541). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widely distributed in Africa, Asia, Australasia, Europe, and N., C., and S. America. (CMI Map l90) TRANSMISSION: Soil borne, but no rapid or extensive growth of hyphae through soil; survival probably only in decaying roots and other trash and on weed hosts. Infection occurs when living roots grow in contact with organic material harbouring the pathogen (32: 608; 36: 502, 719). Sclerotia overwinter on trash and develop into acervuli in spring (38: 478); they survive up to 84 wks. in greenhouse soil (45, 3066). In potato, transmission is from infected plants through the daughter tubers, and incidence of infection increases during storage; new plants are infected from dead material by conidia (35: 541; 34: 480). Persistence on weeds such as Solanum dulcamara and S. nigrum maybe implicated in carry-over from potato to tomato crops (45, 1204).

Thanatephorus cucumeris. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. M. Mordue
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Thanatephorus Cucumeris ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association ◽  
Weed Hosts ◽  
Extensive Growth

Abstract A description is provided for Thanatephorus cucumeris. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Economically important on bean, beet, cabbage, cotton, pine, potato and tomato; infects wheat and turf grasses and is locally or seasonally important on over 250 other plants. It is doubtful whether any crop can be regarded as resistant to all strains. A mycorrhizal association is formed with some orchids. DISEASE: Early infection gives rise to seed decay and pre-emergence and post-emergence damping-off, later infection to stem canker, wire-stem, eyespot and other diseases which result from decay of stem cortex and may be accompanied by stunting, yellowing and leaf roll symptoms. Other diseases are rot of organs in contact with soil, web, leaf and thread blights, fruit rot, root rot and storage rots and blemishes. Sites susceptible to infection are generally more restricted with increasing maturity of the host. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide. Probably present in all arable soils and has been isolated from virgin soils. Little is known of distribution of individual strains. TRANSMISSION: Primarily soil-borne. Capable of extensive growth through soil and survives in the form of sclerotia and on crop residues and weed hosts. Inoculum is spread during vegetative propagation (e.g. on potato tubers) and can be seed-borne. Basidiospores are reported to initiate a leaf spot of Hevea (48, 271) but their role in transmission of other diseases has not been studied extensively.

Glomerella cingulata. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. M. Mordue
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Seedling Blight ◽  
Glomerella Cingulata ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Water Splash ◽  
Weed Hosts ◽  
Stems And Leaves

Abstract A description is provided for Glomerella cingulata. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Reported frequently an Annona, apple, avocado, banana, cacao, Camellia, Capsicum, cherry, citrus (grapefruit, lemon, lime, orange), coffee, lupin, mango, papaw, pear, Piper, rubber, tea, tomato, vine, yams; also on many other cultivated and wild plants. DISEASE: Anthracnose of stems and leaves, dieback, root rot, leaf spot, blossom rot, fruit rot (dieback and ripe rot), seedling blight. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World wide, though more abundant in tropics and subtropics than in temperate regions. TRANSMISSION: Persists on and in seed, trash and weed hosts and is dispersed locally by water splash, air currents, insects or other form of contact. Frequently isolated from soil.

Phytophthora nicotianae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Tomato Root ◽  
Ornamental Crops ◽  
The Tropics

Abstract A description is provided for Phytophthora nicotianae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Principally Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana tabacum, Capsicum annuum and Citrus sp. A very large number of other agricultural and ornamental crops, both temperate and tropical, are also affected, including avocado, strawberry, pineapple, papaya, guava, eggplant and durian. DISEASE: Blackshank of tobacco, buckeye of tomato, root and fruit rot of capsicum, root rot of citrus. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide, but particularly common in the tropics and sub-tropics. TRANSMISSION: By zoospores in surface water and rainsplash. Chlamydospores (and oospores, when formed) act as perennating structures.

Phytophthora citricola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Malus Pumila ◽  
Cydonia Oblonga ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Basal Rot ◽  
Phytophthora Citricola

Abstract A description is provided for Phytophthora citricola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Antirrhinum majus, Brachychiton populneum, Ceanothus sp., Citrus spp., Erica hiemalis, Hibiscus spp., Humulus lupulus, Lycopersicon esculentum, Malus pumila, Primula japonica, Rhododendron catawbiense, Ribes grossularia, Rosa sp., Rubus idaeus, Schinus moue and Syringa vulgaris. Also pathogenic on inoculation to: Chamaecyparis sp., Cupressus sp., Cydonia oblonga, Euphorbia resinifera, Lycopersicon esculentum, Malus pumila, Phaseolus vulgaris and Pinus sp. (Waterhouse, 1957; 39: 249; 40: 433; Herb. IMI.) DISEASES: Brown rot of oranges, black root of hops, root rot and cane die-back of raspberry, die-back of rhododendron and basal rot of tomato seedlings. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (South Africa); Asia (Formosa), Australasia & Oceania (Australia, New Zealand); Europe (Great Britain, Germany, Italy (Sicily)); Central America & West Indies (Antilles); North America (U.S.A.); South America (Argentina). TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne. Survives as mycelium in host roots and as oospores in soil (45, 3381b). Also intercepted once in Czechoslovakia on oranges imported from Turkey (42: 197).

scholarly journals First Report of Black Dot Root Rot, Caused by Colletotrichum coccodes, on Tomato in Kentucky High Tunnels

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 2126
Author(s):  
E. Fealko ◽  
D. Szarka ◽  
A. Lamb ◽  
B. Amsden ◽  
J. Beale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Colletotrichum Coccodes ◽  
Black Dot ◽  
First Report ◽  
High Tunnels

Colletotrichum capsici. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. M. Mordue
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Seedling Blight ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Colletotrichum Capsici ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Extensive Growth

Abstract A description is provided for Colletotrichum capsici. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Capsicum annuum, C. frutescens, Aristolochia, Cicer, cotton, Eggplant, jute, tomato, turmeric and many others from a wide range of families. DISEASE: Dieback, stem break, anthracnose, leaf spot, seedling blight, fruit rot (dieback of young fruits and ripe rot). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Tropics and subtropics of Africa, Asia, America and Australasia; has been recorded occasionally in Southern Europe. TRANSMISSION: Seed-borne; persists in decayed fruits and other plant debris from which conidia are dispersed locally by water and air currents. No extensive growth in soil reported.

Phytophthora boehmeriae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Jean Stamps
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
New South ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Cotton Boll ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Rain Splash ◽  
Phytophthora Boehmeriae

Abstract A description is provided for Phytophthora boehmeriae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Boehmeria nizea, citrus, pine,? cotton. DISEASE: Leaf spot of Boehmeria nivea; brown rot of citrus fruit; root rot of pine; tentatively identified as a cause of cotton boll blight. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (Taiwan,? China, Japan); Australia (Queensland, New South Wales); South America (Argentina). (CMI Map 203, ed. 2, 1967). TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne, transmitted to citrus fruits by rain splash (23, 294). Isolated from soil in Eucalyptus plantations but pathogenicity not known (55, 4876).

Nectria radicicola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Principal Source ◽  
Rain Splash ◽  
Root Plate

Abstract A description is provided for Nectria radicicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On a very wide range of hosts, Gymnospermae, Monocotyledonae and Dicotyledonae, particularly in temperate regions, especially Fragaria vesca, Narcissus, Vitis vinifera. DISEASE: Root rot, dry brown rot, storage rot or dry rot (37: 3); wilt (32: 261); root plate rot of Narcissus (30: 160); black rot of strawberry (28: 180); black spot of grapes (36: 449). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in Europe. Occurs in N. America, East and South Africa, Australia, New Zealand. TRANSMISSION: By water, rain splash or in soil; infection generally from soil. Contaminated soil is the principal source of infection in nurseries where the fungus is capable of existing for long periods as a saprophyte or as thick-walled chlamydospores (35: 769). Taylor (36: 449) found the fungus only penetrating grapes when the skin was broken.

Phytophthora syringae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Sweet Chestnut ◽  
Citrus Groves ◽  
Twig Blight

Abstract A description is provided for Phytophthora syringae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Syringa vulgaris, Castanea saliva, Cereus martianus, C. tetracanthus, Citrus spp., Foeniculum vulgare, Malus pumila, Prunus armeniaca, P. cerasus, P. persica, Pyrus communis and Pyrus sp. Also pathogenic to the following hosts on inoculation; Aesculus hippocastanum, Alnus glutinosa, Chionanthus virginica, Corylus avellana, Crataegus oxyacantha, Jasminum nudiflorum, Ligustrum vulgare, Prunus domestica and Quercus spp. DISEASE: Causing twig blight and wilt of lilac. Also on apple and pear and other woody Rosaceae causing fruit rot and collar rot; on sweet chestnut and beech causing root rot; on citrus causing fruit brown rot and twig and blossom blight; on fennel causing a leaf blight, and on cacti causing stem rot. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe (Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Eire, Great Britain, France, Greece, Germany, Holland, Italy, Portugal, Romania, Sicily, Sweden, U.S.S.R., Yugoslavia); North America (Canada, U.S.A.); Asia (? India) and New Zealand. (CMI Map 174) TRANSMISSION: Soil borne, common in orchard soils and persisting in arable land for as long as 15 years after orchards have been ploughed up (42: 75), but not present in soils under cultivation for as long as 138 years (38: 213). Pathogenicity to lilac was unimpaired after storage for 2 years in bog soil (1: 399). Disseminated by water (6: 668) and in irrigation canals and reservoirs supplying citrus groves in California during winter and spring (39: 24).

Pezizella oenotherae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Fragaria Vesca ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Paeonia Suffruticosa ◽  
Epilobium Angustifolium

Abstract A description is provided for Pezizella oenotherae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Acer pseudoplatanus, Ampelopsis, Calluna, Castanea, Cercis, Cornus, Dianthus caryophyllus, Dissotis paucistellata, Duchesnia, Epilobium angustifolium, Eucalyptus robusta, E. saligna, Fagus sylvatica, Fragaria vesca, Gaultheria, Gaura, Hicoria, Jambosa, Lythrum, Nyssa, Oenothera, Paeonia suffruticosa, Pelargonium, Populus, Potentilla, Prunus, Quercus, Rhododendron, Rhus, Ribes, Rosa sentifolia, Rubus, Salix, Smilax, Ulmus, Vitis. DISEASE: Black lesion root rot of strawberry, strawberry fruit rot, strawberry leaf spot. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World wide. Europe (UK, Germany, Cyprus); Africa, (Malawi, Guinea, Zambia); N. America (USA, Canada); Asia (India, Singapore, Korea, Malaysia, Israel); Australia, New Zealand.

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