scholarly journals Iron Metabolism in the veal calf

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bremner ◽  
A. C. Dalgarno
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Veal Calf ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Dry Diet

1. The iron requirements of eighteen Ayrshire bull calves reared on fat-supplemented skim milk for 14 weeks fromc.16 d of age have been studied. There was a highly significant relationship between dietary Fe intake (10, 40 and 100 mg/kg dry diet) and blood haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume and plasma Fe concentration.2. A microcytic normochromic anaemia developed in the calves given a diet containing 10 mg Fe/kg diet, but not in the other calves.3. Plasma Fe concentrations increased to > 5 μg Fe/ml in calves receiving 100 mg Fe/kg diet but there were no effects of Fe treatment on plasma Fe-binding capacity, which rose from 4·9 to 8·4 μg Fe/ml during the experiment. Saturation of plasma transferrin was only 3% in the Fe-deficient calves.4. There were some significant effects of Fe treatment on tissue concentrations of Fe and cytochromec.5. Dietary supplementation with 5 mg copper/kg dry diet had little effect on the growth or haematological status of the calves, although there were significant Cu × Fe interactions for mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume. There was no evidence of Cu deficiency in the calves, as measured by blood and liver Cu concentrations and by ceruloplasmin and cytochrome oxidase activities.

scholarly journals Iron metabolism in the veal calf. The availability of different iron compounds

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bremner ◽  
A. C. Dalgarno
Keyword(s):  
Milk Powder ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Iron Compounds ◽  
Dietary Concentration ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Veal Calf ◽  
Mild Anaemia ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin

1. The haematological status of Ayrshire bull calves reared on fat-supplemented skim milk from about 17 d of age has been examined. The calves were moderately anaemic after an 11-week experiment and it was shown that their performance was related to their blood haemoglobin concentration.2. The relative availabilities of iron from FeSO4, ferric citrate, ferric-ethylenediaminetetra-acetate and iron phytate were compared at a supplementary dietary concentration of 30 μg Fe/g. No significant differences were noted between the three soluble Fe sources but the Fe of the insoluble iron phytate was less available.3. The decreases in blood haemoglobin concentrations in all calves were greatest in the early weeks of the experiment. In calves given supplementary Fe, however, there was generally an improvement in haematological status after 6 weeks. Plasma Fe concentrations fell to 0·20 μg/ml in the most deficient animals. Total Fe binding capacities averaged about 10 μg Fe/ml in the later stages of the experiment.4. Some of the calves were copper-deficient, and in some animals the effects of dietary Cu supplementation on both Cu and Fe metabolism were studied. About 50% of the supplementary Cu was retained in the livers of the calves.5. A dietary intake of 40 μg Fe/g milk powder appears to be sufficient to prevent all but a very mild anaemia, provided the Fe is presented in soluble form.

scholarly journals Iron, copper and zinc status in rats fed on diets containing various concentrations of tin

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. M. Pekelharing ◽  
A. G. Lemmens ◽  
A. C. Beynen
Keyword(s):  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Zn Status ◽  
Dry Diet ◽  
Inverse Response ◽  
Cu And Zn

The effects of various dietary concentrations of Sn (1, 10, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg; added as SnCl2) on Fe, Cu and Zn status of rats were determined. After feeding the diets for 28 d body weight was not significantly affected, but there was a Linear inverse response of feed intake. Plasma, kidney, spleen and tibia Fe concentrations as well as blood haemoglobin concentration and percentage transferrin saturation decreased in a linear dose-response manner as the level of dietary Sn increased. The addition of Sn to the diet depressed Cu status, as indicated by a significant inverse response of plasma, Liver, kidney, spleen and tibia Cu levels. Plasma, kidney and tibia Zn concentrations were decreased by increasing levels of dietary Sn, but spleen and Liver Zn concentrations were not significantly influenced. Fe, Cu and Zn status was influenced by dietary Sn concentrations lower than 50 mg/kg. If the results can be extrapolated to man it would follow that a high v. low Sn concentration in the human diet, which can be as distinct as 75 v. 2 mg/kg dry diet, may decrease plasma and tissue concentrations of Fe, Cu and Zn by up to 15%.

scholarly journals Effect of iron supplementation on mild to moderate anaemia in pulmonary tuberculosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uma Devi ◽  
C. Mohan Rao ◽  
Vinod K. Srivastava ◽  
Pramod K. Rath ◽  
Bhabani S. Das
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Fe Deficiency ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Haematological Indices ◽  
Moderate Anaemia

Anaemia is a common complication of pulmonary tuberculosis. The precise mechanism of anaemia in pulmonary tuberculosis is not clearly known, but anaemia of inflammation as well as of Fe deficiency has been implicated. Both are common in developing countries. It is extremely difficult to distinguish anaemia of Fe deficiency from anaemia of inflammation with the haematological indices used routinely. Therefore, Fe preparations are usually prescribed for all anaemic patients irrespective of the aetiology. This approach has been questioned. The present study aimed to assess the effect of Fe supplementation on anaemic patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Adult male patients 15–60 years of age with pulmonary tuberculosis and a blood haemoglobin concentration 80–110 g/l were included in the study; healthy adult males matched for age and socio-economic status were taken as controls. Blood haemoglobin concentration, total erythrocyte count (TEC), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin and serum Fe, total Fe-binding capacity and ferritin were estimated before treatment and 1, 2 and 6 months after treatment. The patients were divided randomly into three groups and during the initial 2 months of treatment were provided with one of three supplementary regimens consisting of placebo, Fe alone or Fe with other haematinics. Significant improvements in haematological indices and Fe status were noticed in all three groups. Blood haemoglobin concentration, MCV and PCV were significantly higher at 1 month in both Fe-supplemented groups than the placebo group. This difference, however, disappeared at 2 and 6 months with similar values in all three groups. The increase of other haematological indices was similar in all groups. Serum Fe and Fe saturation of transferrin were significantly higher in both Fe-supplemented groups than the placebo group up to 2 months; this effect, however, disappeared at 6 months. There was a consistent increase in TEC and decrease in ferritin values up to 6 months in all groups. Radiological and clinical improvement was similar in all three groups. These observations suggest that Fe supplementation in mild to moderate anaemia associated with pulmonary tuberculosis accelerated the normal resumption of haematopoiesis in the initial phases by increasing Fe saturation of transferrin. However, consistent improvement of haematological status was dependent only on the improvement of the disease process.

scholarly journals Comparison between time-dependent changes in iron metabolism of rats as induced by marginal deficiency of either vitamin A or iron

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annet J. C. Roodenburg ◽  
Clive E. West ◽  
Shiguang Yu ◽  
Anton C. Beynen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Fe Deficiency ◽  
Mild Anaemia ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Sufficient Vitamin

To compare the changes in Fe metabolism during the development of vitamin A and Fe deficiencies, rats were given either a control diet with sufficient Fe (35 mg added Fe/kg feed) and retinol (1200 retinol equivalents/kg feed), a diet without added vitamin A or a diet with sufficient vitamin A but only 3.5 mg added Fe/kg feed. During a period of 10 weeks, indicators of vitamin A and Fe status were monitored. Neither vitamin A nor Fe deficiency produced clinical signs. Fe deficiency induced an immediate fall in blood haemoglobin concentration. Vitamin A deficiency produced a mild anaemia as the first change in Fe metabolism, pointing to unpaired erythropoiesis. This effect was followed by a rise in Fe absorption and an increased amount of Fe in the spleen. By the end of the study, blood haemoglobin, packed cell volume, plasma Fe and Fe content in kidney and femur had increased above control levels, while total Fe-binding capacity had decreased. We speculate that the initial anaemia was masked later by haemoconcentration. The decrease in Fe mobilization, shown by lower total Fe-binding capacity, and the increase in Fe absorption may have caused the observed continuous rise in tissue Fe concentration in rats with vitamin A deficiency. In the rats with Fe deficiency, low tissue Fe levels coincided with high Fe absorption and high total Fe-binding capacity. Thus, changes in Fe metabolism with vitamin A deficiency differed from those with Fe deficiency.

scholarly journals Correlation of iron deficiency anaemia with glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in non-diabetics: an observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 969
Author(s):  
Ajay V. Dhapale ◽  
Omkar Kamble
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Glycosylated Haemoglobin ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

Background: Alteration of HbA1c in other conditions such as haemolytic anaemia, pregnancy and haemoglobinopathy has raised questions about its correlation with iron stores. The aim of the study was to correlate iron deficiency anaemia with glycosylated haemoglobin levels among non-diabetics.Methods: The present study was an observational study among non-diabetic patients of iron deficiency anaemia attending our outpatient department. The study was conducted in the department of medicine of a tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra. All the non-diabetic patients more than 18 years with iron deficiency anaemia were included in the present study. Patients with acute coronary syndromes, chronic liver, chronic kidney diseases, malignancies, haemolytic anaemia, pregnancy, HIV positive with known end stage cardiopulmonary disease were excluded from the study.Results: About 86.33% of the patients had mild to moderate anaemia and 10.7% had severe anaemia in the present study. The average values of haemoglobin, serum ferritin, total iron binding capacity, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and hematocrit significantly improved after the treatment. With treatment of anaemia, glycosylated haemoglobin, fasting blood sugars and post prandial blood sugars also improved significantly when compared to baseline (p<0.001).Conclusions: The average values of haemoglobin, serum ferritin, total iron binding capacity, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and hematocrit significantly improved after the treatment. With treatment of anaemia, glycosylated haemoglobin, fasting blood sugars and post prandial blood sugars also improved significantly when compared to baseline.

Influence of blood haemoglobin concentration on renal haemodynamics and oxygenation during experimental cardiopulmonary bypass in sheep

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yugeesh R. Lankadeva ◽  
Clive N. May ◽  
Andrew D. Cochrane ◽  
Bruno Marino ◽  
Sally G. Hood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Renal Haemodynamics ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin

A note on the performance and management of calves reared on cold acidified milk replacer fed ad libitum

1983 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Thickett ◽  
N. H. Cuthbert ◽  
T. D. A. Brigstocke ◽  
M. A. Lindeman ◽  
P. N. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Milk Powder ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Skim Milk Powder ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dry Food

ABSTRACTResults are presented from six trials dealing with aspects of management on the cold ad libitum system of calf rearing using an acidified milk replacer containing over 600 g skim milk powder per kg.Thirty-six calves were housed in pens of six for each trial and were fed through a teat and pipeline from a storage barrel. Acidified milk replacer, pH 5·6, was mixed cold at 125 g/1 and made available ad libitum to 3 weeks. A rationed allowance was given daily, on a reducing scale, over the following 2 weeks with weaning completed at 35 days. A pelleted dry food containing 180 g crude protein per kg, together with water in buckets and barley straw in racks, was available ad libitum throughout. Each trial lasted 8 weeks. Results for the mean of the six cold ad libitum trials involving 216 calves were compared with the mean results of 10 conventional bucket-fed trials carried out separately at the same unit, involving 912 calves. All calves were purchased British Friesian male (bull) calves.Calves on the ad libitum system showed improved live-weight gains of 9·4 kg at 3 weeks, 8·8 kg at 5 weeks and 7·5 kg at 8 weeks, compared with the conventional system. The consumption of milk replacer powder was higher in ad libitum trials at 29·4 kg cf. 12·5 kg by bucket but intake of pelleted dry feed was lower on the ad libitum system at 50·7 kg cf. 71·3 kg to 8 weeks. Calf appearance scores were significantly improved on the ad libitum system which gave the main improvement in performance in the first 3 weeks.

scholarly journals Effect of sex and seasons of the year on hematologic and serum biochemical variables of captive brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira)

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1364-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara M.S. Camargo ◽  
José M.B. Duarte ◽  
José J. Fagliari ◽  
André M. Santana ◽  
Kalina M.M.G. Simplício ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Ionic Calcium ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mazama Gouazoubira ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Brocket Deer

The Brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira) is the most common free-living and captive deer in South America, especially in Brazil, and has great ecological and scientific significance. However, data on hematological and biochemical parameters in brown brocket deer are scarce. The goal of this study was to establish reference ranges for hematological and biochemical parameters of Mazama gouazoubira, comparing differences during the seasons of the year and between sex. Blood samples from ten adult healthy brown brocket deer (6 female and 4 male) were collected during daytime, monthly, during 12 months. The animals were maintained in individual stable, protected from noise and fed ad libitum with commercial ration and green fodder. For blood collection, animals were submitted to physical restrain for no longer than 2 minutes. The following parameters were determined: red blood cell count (RBC), haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), white blood cell count (WBC), platelet count, enzyme activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine kinase (CK), total protein (TP), albumin, cholesterol, total calcium, ionic calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triglycerides, creatinine and urea. Values were compared according to season and sex. RBC count, WBC count and MCV suggested seasonal influence. Haemoglobin concentration, PCV and MCV were influenced by sex. Serum concentration of total calcium, ionic calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium were influenced by season. Serum magnesium was also influenced by sex. The blood parameters herein reported may be useful as reference values for diagnostic and prognostic purposes in captive brown-brocket deer.

scholarly journals Nitrite Intoxication of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) at Different Water Temperatures

2006 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kroupová ◽  
J. Máchová ◽  
V. Piačková ◽  
M. Flajšhans ◽  
Z. Svobodová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Plasma Nitrite

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) were exposed to nitrite (1.45 mmol l-1 NO2-) for 48 hours at 14 °C and 20 °C, in order to investigate the mechanism of nitrite poisoning at these water temperatures. The effect of nitrite exposure on fish was assessed on selected haematological and biochemical indicators of the blood. Moreover, nitrite accumulation in the blood, liver and muscle was measured. Nitrite exposure produced high levels of methaemoglobin (88.2 ± 3.3% and 92.9 ± 6.1%) at both water temperatures compared with controls (0.3 ± 0.6% and 2.6 ± 3.0%). High fish mortality occurred in experimental groups (30% and 51%) compared with controls (0%). Nitrite exposure also resulted in an accumulation of nitrite in the fish body. The highest nitrite levels developed in the blood plasma, followed by the liver and muscle, respectively. Carp concentrated nitrite in the blood plasma and tissues to markedly higher levels at higher temperature (20 °C). The plasma nitrite concentrations (10.5 ± 1.9 mmol l-1) were in this case more than 7 times higher than the environmental one. At lower temperature (14 °C), plasma nitrite concentration reached 5.0 ± 1.5 mmol l-1. In either event, plasma K+ levels increased and Cl- levels and osmolality remained unchanged. Plasma Na+ levels slightly decreased at the higher temperature. Nitriteexposed fish showed lower haematocrit values (PCV) at both experimental temperatures compared with controls. At 20 °C, the blood haematocrit decrease (0.20 ± 0.02 l l-1) was accompanied by a low erythrocyte count (1.05 ± 0.12 1012 l-1) and by a low haemoglobin level (51 ± 11 g l-1). At the lower temperature (14 °C), the haematocrit decrease (0.25 ± 0.02 l l-1) was caused by a low mean corpuscular volume (167 ± 27 fl). No significant changes were observed in the mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), or selected erythrocyte dimensions (major axis, minor axis and aspect ratio).

scholarly journals Haematological and Serum Biochemical Profile of Growing Yankasa Ram Lambs Fed Diets Containing Graded Levels of Sesame Residue

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Garba ◽  
E. A. Adeola
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Serum Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Ram Lambs

An experiment was carried out to test the effect of Sesame residue (SR) inclusion in the diets of growing Yankasa ram lambs on haematological and serum biochemical parameters. Twelve (12) Yankasa ram lambs with initial body weight of 20.08±3.08kg were allotted to three dietary treatments containing 0, 20 and 30% SR (A, B and C). A completely randomized design was used for the study which lasted twelve (12) weeks. The haemetology results revealed that the white blood cells (12.85-16.85 109/L), red blood cells (1.49-2.04 1012/L), haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) (39.85-48.00 pg), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and lymphocytes differed significantly (P<0.05) among the treatments. Lambs fed 30% SR had the highest MCV, MCH, MCHC and lymphocyte values. Serum biochemical analysis results revealed that lambs fed 20% and 30% SR had higher alkaline phosphatase, total protein and globulin values than lambs fed 0%SR. However, SR inclusion in the diets did not affect calcium and phosphorus levels of the lambs. In conclusion, including sesame residue at 30% in the diets of growing Yankasa ram lambs had no observable adverse effect on haematological and serum biochemical parameters.

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