scholarly journals Effect of iron supplementation on mild to moderate anaemia in pulmonary tuberculosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uma Devi ◽  
C. Mohan Rao ◽  
Vinod K. Srivastava ◽  
Pramod K. Rath ◽  
Bhabani S. Das
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Fe Deficiency ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Haematological Indices ◽  
Moderate Anaemia

Anaemia is a common complication of pulmonary tuberculosis. The precise mechanism of anaemia in pulmonary tuberculosis is not clearly known, but anaemia of inflammation as well as of Fe deficiency has been implicated. Both are common in developing countries. It is extremely difficult to distinguish anaemia of Fe deficiency from anaemia of inflammation with the haematological indices used routinely. Therefore, Fe preparations are usually prescribed for all anaemic patients irrespective of the aetiology. This approach has been questioned. The present study aimed to assess the effect of Fe supplementation on anaemic patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Adult male patients 15–60 years of age with pulmonary tuberculosis and a blood haemoglobin concentration 80–110 g/l were included in the study; healthy adult males matched for age and socio-economic status were taken as controls. Blood haemoglobin concentration, total erythrocyte count (TEC), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin and serum Fe, total Fe-binding capacity and ferritin were estimated before treatment and 1, 2 and 6 months after treatment. The patients were divided randomly into three groups and during the initial 2 months of treatment were provided with one of three supplementary regimens consisting of placebo, Fe alone or Fe with other haematinics. Significant improvements in haematological indices and Fe status were noticed in all three groups. Blood haemoglobin concentration, MCV and PCV were significantly higher at 1 month in both Fe-supplemented groups than the placebo group. This difference, however, disappeared at 2 and 6 months with similar values in all three groups. The increase of other haematological indices was similar in all groups. Serum Fe and Fe saturation of transferrin were significantly higher in both Fe-supplemented groups than the placebo group up to 2 months; this effect, however, disappeared at 6 months. There was a consistent increase in TEC and decrease in ferritin values up to 6 months in all groups. Radiological and clinical improvement was similar in all three groups. These observations suggest that Fe supplementation in mild to moderate anaemia associated with pulmonary tuberculosis accelerated the normal resumption of haematopoiesis in the initial phases by increasing Fe saturation of transferrin. However, consistent improvement of haematological status was dependent only on the improvement of the disease process.

scholarly journals Comparison between time-dependent changes in iron metabolism of rats as induced by marginal deficiency of either vitamin A or iron

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annet J. C. Roodenburg ◽  
Clive E. West ◽  
Shiguang Yu ◽  
Anton C. Beynen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Fe Deficiency ◽  
Mild Anaemia ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Sufficient Vitamin

To compare the changes in Fe metabolism during the development of vitamin A and Fe deficiencies, rats were given either a control diet with sufficient Fe (35 mg added Fe/kg feed) and retinol (1200 retinol equivalents/kg feed), a diet without added vitamin A or a diet with sufficient vitamin A but only 3.5 mg added Fe/kg feed. During a period of 10 weeks, indicators of vitamin A and Fe status were monitored. Neither vitamin A nor Fe deficiency produced clinical signs. Fe deficiency induced an immediate fall in blood haemoglobin concentration. Vitamin A deficiency produced a mild anaemia as the first change in Fe metabolism, pointing to unpaired erythropoiesis. This effect was followed by a rise in Fe absorption and an increased amount of Fe in the spleen. By the end of the study, blood haemoglobin, packed cell volume, plasma Fe and Fe content in kidney and femur had increased above control levels, while total Fe-binding capacity had decreased. We speculate that the initial anaemia was masked later by haemoconcentration. The decrease in Fe mobilization, shown by lower total Fe-binding capacity, and the increase in Fe absorption may have caused the observed continuous rise in tissue Fe concentration in rats with vitamin A deficiency. In the rats with Fe deficiency, low tissue Fe levels coincided with high Fe absorption and high total Fe-binding capacity. Thus, changes in Fe metabolism with vitamin A deficiency differed from those with Fe deficiency.

scholarly journals Iron Metabolism in the veal calf

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bremner ◽  
A. C. Dalgarno
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Veal Calf ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Dry Diet

1. The iron requirements of eighteen Ayrshire bull calves reared on fat-supplemented skim milk for 14 weeks fromc.16 d of age have been studied. There was a highly significant relationship between dietary Fe intake (10, 40 and 100 mg/kg dry diet) and blood haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume and plasma Fe concentration.2. A microcytic normochromic anaemia developed in the calves given a diet containing 10 mg Fe/kg diet, but not in the other calves.3. Plasma Fe concentrations increased to > 5 μg Fe/ml in calves receiving 100 mg Fe/kg diet but there were no effects of Fe treatment on plasma Fe-binding capacity, which rose from 4·9 to 8·4 μg Fe/ml during the experiment. Saturation of plasma transferrin was only 3% in the Fe-deficient calves.4. There were some significant effects of Fe treatment on tissue concentrations of Fe and cytochromec.5. Dietary supplementation with 5 mg copper/kg dry diet had little effect on the growth or haematological status of the calves, although there were significant Cu × Fe interactions for mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume. There was no evidence of Cu deficiency in the calves, as measured by blood and liver Cu concentrations and by ceruloplasmin and cytochrome oxidase activities.

scholarly journals Masked vitamin B12 and folate deficiency in the elderly

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Craig ◽  
C. Elliot ◽  
K. R. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Folate Deficiency ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Fe Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Geriatric Unit

1. A high incidence of vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, or both, may be found in the elderly, particularly those in hospital. This report concerns fifty cases detected in an inner-city-area geriatric unit during the course of routine clinical investigation. The majority had none of the classical haematological signs of vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, and all the patients reported had a mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of less than 100 fl.2. There was a significant negative correlation between the MCV and the erythrocyte folate (P< 0.01), supporting earlier published work using a low serum folate as an index of folate deficiency.3. There was no correlation between the MCV and the serum vitamin B12. Published work differs on this point.4. Serum iron, total Fe-binding capacity and percentage Fe saturation results were available in forty patients in this series. There was a significant positive correlation between the serum Fe and the MCV (P<0.01) and 34% of patients had haematological evidence of Fe deficiency. In the majority, however, there was no evidence that associated Fe deficiency had masked the haematological signs of vitamin B12 or folate deficiency.5. More attention should be paid to the problem of ‘masked’ vitamin B12 and folate deficiency in the elderly. There is a case for routine screening of the elderly for vitamin B12 and folate deficiency irrespective of the MCV.

Influence of blood haemoglobin concentration on renal haemodynamics and oxygenation during experimental cardiopulmonary bypass in sheep

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yugeesh R. Lankadeva ◽  
Clive N. May ◽  
Andrew D. Cochrane ◽  
Bruno Marino ◽  
Sally G. Hood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Renal Haemodynamics ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin

scholarly journals Dietary vitamin D supplementation improves haematological status following consumption of an iron-fortified cereal: an 8-week randomised controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohail Mushtaq ◽  
Salma F. Ahmed Fuzi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Haematocrit Level ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Ferritin Concentration ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Fortified Cereal

AbstractVitamin D, a secosteroid, has recently been implicated in the stimulation of erythroid precursors and ultimately the rate of erythropoiesis. However, there are a paucity of randomised controlled trials (RCT), investigating the effect of vitamin D supplementation iron status, especially in populations at risk of iron deficiency. An eight-week, double-blind RCT was carried out in 50 female (mean age (± SD): 27 ± 9 years), iron-deficient (plasma ferritin concentration < 20 μg/L) participants, randomised to consume an iron-fortified cereal containing 9 mg of iron, with either a vitamin D supplement (1,500 international units (IU)/day, 38 μg/day) or placebo. The effect of dietary vitamin D supplementation on haematological indicators was investigated. Blood samples were collected at baseline, 4-weeks and 8-week timepoints for measurement of iron and vitamin D status biomarkers. The effect of intervention was analysed with a mixed-model repeated measures ANOVA using IBM SPSS statistical software (Version 21, IBM Corporation, New York, USA). Significant increases were observed in two haematological parameters: haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit level from baseline to post-intervention in the vitamin D group, but not in the placebo group. The increase from baseline to post-intervention in haemoglobin concentration in the vitamin D group (135 ± 11 to 138 ± 10 g/L) was significantly higher than in the placebo group (131 ± 15 to 128 ± 13 g/L) (P ≤ 0.05). The increase in haematocrit level from baseline to post-intervention was also significantly higher in the vitamin D group (42.0 ± 3.0 to 43.8 49 ± 3.4%) compared to the placebo group (41.2 ± 4.3 to 40.7 ± 3.6%) (P ≤ 0.05). Despite non-significant changes in plasma ferritin concentration, this study demonstrates that dietary supplementation with 1,500IU vitamin D, consumed daily with an iron-fortified cereal led to improvement in haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit levels in women with low iron stores. Further long-term studies are required, however, these findings suggest a potential role for improvement of vitamin D status as an adjunct therapy for recovery of iron status in iron-deficient populations.

scholarly journals The effect of Gypsophila saponins in the diet on mineral status and plasma cholesterol concentration in the rat

1988 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Southon ◽  
I. T. Johnson ◽  
Jennifer M. Gee ◽  
K. R. Price
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Lower Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Basal Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Zn Status

1. Immature, male Wistar rats were allocated to one of six groups and caged individually. The first group was given a semi-synthetic diet containing 38 mg iron and 55 mg zinc/kg (basal group). The second and third groups were given a diet containing 10 mg Zn and 12 mg Fe/kg respectively (low-Zn and low-Fe groups). Groups four, five and six were given similar diets containing 20 gGypsophilasaponins/kg. After 21 d the Fe and Zn status of the rats was estimated and plasma cholesterol concentration determined.2. Measurements of whole blood haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume and liver Fe stores indicated that rats in the basal + saponin and low-Fe + saponin groups had a significantly reduced Fe status when compared with their controls. Rats in the low-Zn + saponin group also showed a trend toward reduced Fe stores.3. Zn status, as judged by femur Zn concentration, was not adversely affected by the inclusion ofGypsophilasaponins in the diet.4. Consumption of the saponins resulted in a significant reduction in blood cholesterol concentration, with rats in both the low-Fe groups having significantly lower concentrations than their basal and low-Zn counterparts.5. In view of suggestions that the consumption of saponins should be encouraged because of their ability to lower blood cholesterol, possible effects on Fe metabolism should be investigated further, particularly with respect to the levels and sources of saponin in the human diet.

scholarly journals Effect of blood haemoglobin concentration on V̇ o2,max and cardiovascular function in lowlanders acclimatised to 5260 m

2002 ◽  
Vol 545 (2) ◽  
pp. 715-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. L. Calbet ◽  
G. Rådegran ◽  
R. Boushel ◽  
H. Søndergaard ◽  
B. Saltin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Cardiovascular Function ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin

For how long should antibiotics be given in acute paediatric septic arthritis? A prospective audit of 96 cases

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
C B D Lavy ◽  
M Thyoka
Keyword(s):  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Prospective Audit ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation ◽  
Radiological Changes ◽  
Haematological Indices ◽  
Infective Activity

Ninety-six cases of uncomplicated acute septic arthritis in children aged 12 years and under were treated by arthrotomy under general anaesthesia, saline washout and antibiotics for six weeks. They were prospectively studied for 24 weeks to assess clinical, haematological and radiological changes. Clinical improvement was most marked in the first two weeks and did not change significantly after six weeks. Haematological indices (haemoglobin concentration, serum white cell count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate) all improved from the start of treatment and continued to improve throughout the study, even after antibiotics were finished. Radiological changes in the bone adjacent to the infected joint were noted to be present in 21 cases by two weeks after presentation, and in a further 10 cases by six weeks after presentation, suggesting some continued infective activity in the bone adjacent to the septic joint even after two weeks of antibiotics. No new radiological changes were noted after six weeks. It is therefore suggested that antibiotics in septic arthritis should be continued for six weeks.

Iron Deficiency in a Northern Thai Population: The Effects of Iron Supplements Studied by Means of Plasma Ferritin Estimations

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Linpisarn ◽  
O Thanangkul ◽  
C Suwanraj ◽  
R Kaewvichit ◽  
L J Kricka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
School Children ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Thai Population ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Iron Supplements ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin

Iron deficiency is a common problem, particularly in developing countries, but traditional laboratory methods of detecting this condition are unreliable. The prevalence of iron deficiency in a Northern Thai population (pre-school, school children, adult women) has been assessed by means of plasma ferritin concentrations. The results were compared with prevalences based on blood haemoglobin concentrations. Estimations of prevalences based on plasma ferritin values were 10–24% in non-vegetarian and 49–71% in vegetarian groups, whilst those based on blood haemoglobin were 11–21% (non-vegetarian) and 24–50% (vegetarian). Dietary supplementation with iron produced dramatic rises in plasma ferritin in all of the groups studied. The effects on blood haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit were less marked. These results highlight the extent of iron deficiency in a Thai population and demonstrate the sensitivity of plasma ferritin as a test for detecting this condition and assessing the response to dietary supplementation.

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