Genetic control of the pre-anthesis development of spring rape (Brassica napus L.). I. Diallel analysis of variation in the field

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Thurling ◽  
LDV Das
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Gene Interaction ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Vegetative Phase ◽  
Spring Rape

A l0 x 10 complete diallel cross of spring rape cultivars was sown at three different times in the field to obtain basic information on the genetic control of pre-anthesis development. Analyses of variance of the diallel cross data indicated that both duration of the vegetative phase and leaf number at initiation were highly heritable in all sowings although dominance effects were also significant. No significant reciprocal differences were detected. Variance v. covariance (Vr–Wr) graphs for duration of the vegetative phase indicated that neither gene interaction nor correlated gene distribution was important. The order of parents along the regression line varied greatly between sowings. Late-flowering parents were found to possess a much higher frequency of recessive genes in the April and September sowings than in the June sowing when temperatures during early development were generally lower. It is suggested that this variation in the disposition of parents in the Vr–Wr graphs may reflect differences in genes for vernalization requirement which are expressed most strongly under higher temperatures. In the case of number of leaves formed prior to initiation, the slope of the regression line deviated significantly from unity in the first and second sowings, but the magnitude of this deviation declined with successive delays in sowing. Gene interaction and/or correlated gene distributions were apparently significant under certain conditions. The order of parents along the regression line also varied with sowing date, but not in as regular a manner as with duration of the vegetative phase. Differences in duration of the vegetative phase and leaf number between the Japanese cultivar Isuzu and all other parents in the September sowing appeared to be determined by one gene, or at most a small number of major genes.

Genetic control of the pre-anthesis development of spring rape (Brassica napus L.). II.* Identification of individual genes controlling developmental pattern

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Thurling ◽  
VLD Das ◽  
Das LD Vijendra
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Light ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vernalization Requirement ◽  
Parental Genotype ◽  
Vernalization Response ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Vegetative Phase ◽  
Inbred Backcross Lines ◽  
Spring Rape ◽  
Inbred Backcross

Controlled environment studies of variation in the duration of the vegetative phase of spring rape were conducted with the objective of detecting major genes determining vernalization response. These studies involved analyses of variation within early generation segregating populations and between inbred-backcross lines. Distributions of unvernalized F2 plants from crosses between Target, Bronowski, and Isuzu were clearly bimodal when grown under continuous light at 25°C. Duplicate recessive genes were found to determine the vernalization requirement of Bronowski. In Isuzu, however, the vernalization requirement was determined by two independent genes, one having a markedly greater effect than the other on vernalization response. The genes in Bronowski occurred at different loci from those in Isuzu, and Target, which had no vernalization requirement, possessed the dominant alleles of all four genes. Plants having a significantly shorter vegetative phase than Target were also detected in F2 and backcross populations of crosses between Target and the other two cultivars. Analyses of the distribution of inbred-backcross lines showed that this character was determined by genes from Isuzu and Bronowski which were not expressed when associated with the parental genotype. ______________________ *Part I, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 30: 251 (1979).

scholarly journals Study of inheritance of some agronomic and morphological traits in burley tobacco by graphic analysis of diallel cross

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 162-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Butorac ◽  
J. Beljo ◽  
J. Gunjača
Keyword(s):  
Regression Line ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Burley Tobacco ◽  
Graphic Analysis ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
Cross Test

The mode of inheritance of yield, topping height, leaf number, days to flowering, leaf length and width was studied by means of graphic analysis in a half diallel cross test of four burley tobacco varieties (Saturn, TN 86, Bs 92 and Bols 100) in 1998 and 1999. The trial was set up according to the RCBD at four replications in the experimental field of Tobacco Institute Zagreb in Pitomača. Overdominance in inheritance of all studied traits, except leaf length and width in 1998, was found by the graphic method. No interallelic interaction and epistasis were present as seen from testing regression coefficients for all investigated traits and years. The distribution of parental genotypes on a scatter diagram along the expected regression line points to the genetic divergence of the parents. Parent Bs 92 appeared to have the most dominant alleles for yield and leaf length and parent Saturn for topping height, leaf number and leaf width.

DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF LEAF NUMBER AND DURATION TO MID-SILK IN MAIZE

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. N. A. Bonaparte
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Effective Factor ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

The diallel cross technique was used to study the mode of inheritance of leaf number and duration to mid-silk in six inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.). Leaf number showed partial dominance, and the additive gene effects accounted for a high proportion of the total variation. The narrow and broad heritabilities were both high. Leaf number was controlled by at least one effective factor. Both additive and dominance components were responsible for the expression of duration to mid-silk. The narrow and broad heritabilities were both high. Duration to mid-silk was controlled by at least four effective factors.

scholarly journals Genetic parameters and combining ability of some important traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Genetika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 1001-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanalideh Haghighi ◽  
Ezatollah Farshadfar ◽  
Mehrzad Allahgholipour
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
F2 Generation

In order to study the combining ability, genetic parameters and gene actions of yield, yield components and quality characters in rice, fifteen F2 generation of a 6?6 diallel cross, excluding reciprocals, was grown in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results of analysis of variance showed significant differences between the genotypes for grain yield (GY), 100-grain weight (HGW), number of panicles per plant (PN), panicle length (PL), number of full grains per panicle (FGN) and for quality characters including amylose content (AC) and gel consistency (GC). The results of combining ability analysis revealed that general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were significant for characters GY, FGN, GC, AC, HGW and PN indicating the involvement of additive and non-additive effects in their inheritance, however high amounts of Bakers ratio remarked that additive gene effect had more portion in controlling these traits. The best combiners for GY, HGW, FGN, PN and PL, were RI18447-2, IR 50, Daylamani, RI18430-46 and Daylamani respectively. For AC and GC, the best combiner was Daylamani. Hayman's graphs showed that regression line passed below the origin cutting Wr axis in the negative region for HGW, PN, PL and GC, indicating the presence of over dominance. Estimates of genetic parameters showed significant amount of H1 and H2, and non-significant amount of D for the characters GY, PN, PL and GC, which confirmed the existence of dominance in the inheritance of these traits.

Effect of phosphorus applied as superphosphate on rate of development and spikelet number per ear of different cultivars of wheat

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Rahman ◽  
JH Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Main Shoot ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Vegetative Phase ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Elongation Phase

The effects of adding phosphorus (40 kg of phosphorus ha-1) at sowing on rate of development, spikelet number per ear, rate of spikelet initiation, apex length at floral initiation, and leaf number at ear emergence of the main shoot of seven wheat cultivars were studied under a 16 hr photoperiod at a constant temperature of 20°C. Phosphorus additions increased the spikelet number per ear, rate of spikelet initiation, and apex length significantly in all wheats, but had no effect on the duration of the vegetative phase, spikelet phase or elongation phase, or on leaf number. The increase in spikelet number was due to an increase of spikelet initiation. All wheats responded similarly to addition of phosphorus.

scholarly journals DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF TOLERANCE TO DROUGHT IN COWPEA GENOTYPES

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERINA VITÓRIO RODRIGUES ◽  
KAESEL JACKSON DAMASCENO-SILVA ◽  
MAURISRAEL DE MOURA ROCHA ◽  
EDSON ALVES BASTOS ◽  
ADRIANO DOS SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Complete Diallel Cross ◽  
Brazilian Northeast ◽  
Block Experiment

ABSTRACT The low use of technologies by farmers and the occurrence of biotic and abiotic stresses are limiting factors for cowpea production in the Brazilian Northeast region. The tolerance of genotypes to drought is an alternative to decrease the negative effects of stresses on cowpea production. Thus, the objective of this work was to identify parents and combinations of cowpea genotypes with high probability of generating segregating populations with tolerance to drought. Six cowpea genotypes were crossed in a complete diallel cross design, totaling 30 F2 populations, which were evaluated together with their parents in an experiment under water deficit at the experimental field of the Embrapa Mid-North, Teresina, State of Piauí, Brazil. A triple lattice incomplete block experiment design was used, with three replications, with experimental plot consisting of six 2-m plant rows. Fifteen plants per plot were sampled to evaluate their agronomic characteristics, whose results were subjected to analysis of variance and means were used to estimate the general and specific combining abilities. The genotypes showed significant differences in all characteristics evaluated, denoting the genetic variability of the population. The additive effects were more important than the non-additive effects, and maternal inheritance was detected. The genotypes BRS Xiquexique, Pingo-de-Ouro-1-2 and MNC99-510F-16-1 were the most promising for use in recurrent selection programs for tolerance to water deficit. The hybrid combinations (1) BRS Paraguaçu X (4) CNCx-698-128G, (2) Pingo-de-Ouro-1-2 X (3) BRS Xiquexique, (3) BRS Xiquexique X (5) Santo-Inácio, (4) CNCx-698-128G X (6) MNC99-510F-16-1 and (5) Santo-Inácio X (4) CNCx-698-128G showed potential for generating superior lineages regarding bean production and tolerance to water deficit.

Quantitative genetic studies of yield, yield components, and phenological and agronomic characters in spring faba bean

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Kao ◽  
P. B. E. McVetty
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Faba Beans

Hayman's diallel cross analysis was employed to investigate the nature of the genetic control and heritability of yield, yield components, and phenological and agronomic characters in F1 and F2 generations of spring faba beans (Vicia faba L.). High-yielding S4 inbred lines from five open-pollinated faba bean cultivars were used as parents to generate complete F1 and F2 diallels. The S5 inbred line parents and the 20 cross combinations were planted in randomized complete block experiments with six replications. All characters in the F1 diallel and in the F2 diallel with the exception of days from planting to maturity met all of the assumptions required for Hayman's diallel analysis. Yield, total dry matter, harvest index, and pods per plant exhibited significant apparent overdominance in both the F1 and F2 diallels. It is concluded that substantial immediate increases in yield and total dry matter could be expected from exploiting the apparent overdominant gene action found for these characters in these crosses via F1 hybrids or synthetics. Key words: total dry matter, harvest index, diallel crosses, inheritance, Vicia faba L.

Seedling age and quality upon transplanting affect seed yield of canola (Brassica napus L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1461-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Ren ◽  
Jianfang Zhu ◽  
Nazim Hussain ◽  
Shanlin Ma ◽  
Genru Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seedling Quality ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Seedling Age ◽  
Neck Diameter

Ren, Y., Zhu, J., Hussain, N., Ma, S., Ye, G., Zhang, D. and Hua, S. 2014. Seedling age and quality upon transplanting affect seed yield of canola (Brassica napus L.). Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1461–1469. Seedling quality is an essential indicator for seed yield in canola, which is affected by many factors, including seedling age. Two field experiments were conducted to compare canola seedling quality and seed yield on 30-, 35-, 40-, 45-, 50-, 55-, and 60-d-old seedlings in 2011 and 2012. The relationship between seedling quality traits and seed yield of different seedling ages was also analyzed. Results revealed that the highest seed yield obtained from 40-d-old seedlings was attributed to more branches and siliques per plant. The negative effect of young seedlings (30-d-old) on seed yield was greater than that of old seedlings (60-d-old). The reduction rates in seed yield on the 30- and 60-d-old seedlings were 25.7 and 18.2%, respectively, compared with the 40-d-old seedlings. Increased root neck diameter, green leaf number, shoot, and root dry matter was the case on 40-d-old seedling transplanted plants compared with other ages. However, the increase was larger in the old seedlings than in the young seedlings. On average, the shoot and root dry weights of the 30-d-old seedlings were 1.9 and 1.7% of those in the 60-d-old seedlings. However, correlation analysis revealed that the seedlings with the highest shoot and root dry matter did not necessarily obtain the highest seed yield. Factor analysis suggested that the effects of root neck diameter and green leaf number on seed yield were more pronounced than those of shoot and root dry matter. Therefore, high seed yield in canola could be defined in terms of optimum green leaf numbers and branches per plant.

INHERITANCE OF YIELD AND OTHER QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS IN BRASSICA NAPUS VAR. NAPOBRASSICA

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Grant ◽  
Patricia M. Harney ◽  
B. R. Christie
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Positive Heterosis

Highly significant positive heterosis was found for root length, diameter and fresh weight in F1 hybrids derived in a seven-parent diallel cross of commercially available cultivars of Brassica napus L. var. napobrassica Mill. Significant general combining ability and specific combining ability effects and a preponderance of additive gene action were also noted for root length, diameter and fresh weight. The inheritance of these three traits is thought to be conditioned by additivity at the majority of loci and partial dominance at the remaining ones. Heritability estimates ranged from 0% for dry matter to 26% for root diameter.

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