Overcoming the pseudomorphic critical thickness limit using compliant substrates

1994 ◽  
Vol 64 (26) ◽  
pp. 3640-3642 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Chua ◽  
W. Y. Hsu ◽  
C. H. Lin ◽  
G. Christenson ◽  
Y. H. Lo
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thickness ◽  
Compliant Substrates

scholarly journals In-place bonded semiconductor membranes as compliant substrates for III–V compound devices

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3748-3756
Author(s):  
Ailton J. Garcia Jr. ◽  
Leonarde N. Rodrigues ◽  
Saimon Filipe Covre da Silva ◽  
Sergio L. Morelhão ◽  
Odilon D. D. Couto Jr. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thickness ◽  
Compliant Substrates ◽  
Fundamental Challenge ◽  
Pseudomorphic Growth

Overcoming the critical thickness limit in pseudomorphic growth of lattice mismatched heterostructures is a fundamental challenge in heteroepitaxy.

Compliant Substrates for Reduction of Strain Relief in Mismatched Overlayers

1996 ◽  
Vol 441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie Carter-Coman ◽  
Robert Bicknell-Tassius ◽  
April S. Brown ◽  
Nan Marie Jokerst
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Variable Thickness ◽  
Critical Thickness ◽  
Strain Relief ◽  
Compliant Substrate ◽  
Compliant Substrates ◽  
Experimental Strain

AbstractThin film compliant substrates can be used to extend the critical thickness in mismatched overlayers. A metastability model has been coupled with recent experimental strain relief data to determine the critical thickness of InGaAs epilayers grown on GaAs compliant substrates of variable thickness. The results of this model are also compared to other compliant substrate critical thickness models.

Extended Pseudomorphic Limits Using Compliant Substrates

1992 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. H. Lo ◽  
W. J. Schaff ◽  
D. Teng
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Membrane Structure ◽  
Critical Thickness ◽  
Strain Relaxation ◽  
Substrate Thickness ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Supported Membrane ◽  
Compliant Substrates

ABSTRACTWe propose a new approach, growth on compliant substrates, to achieve extended pseudomorphic limits. The compliant substrate can be approximately achieved with a corner supported membrane structure. Both thermal equilibrium model and dynamic model considering strain relaxation are used to analyze the relations between the extended critical thickness and the substrate thickness. Preliminary experimental results of InGaAs grown on GaAs membranes seem to support the theories.

Growing Pseudomorphic Layers Beyond the Critical Thickness Using Free-Standing Compliant Substrates

1993 ◽  
Vol 326 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.L. Chua ◽  
W.Y. Hsu ◽  
F. Ejeckam ◽  
A. Tran ◽  
Y.H. Lo
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thickness ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Compliant Substrates

Various technic for the measurement of step thickness on crystal surfaces

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 438-439
Author(s):  
C. Boulesteix ◽  
C. Colliex ◽  
C. Mory ◽  
B. Pardo ◽  
D. Renard
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thickness ◽  
Symmetric Case ◽  
Transmitted Intensity ◽  
Crystal Surfaces ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Excited Wave ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Contrast Mechanisms ◽  
Step Thickness ◽  
Thickness Variations

Contrast mechanisms, which are responsible of the various types of image formation, are generally thickness dependant. In the following, two imaging modes in the 100 kV CTEM are described : they are highly sensitive to thickness variations and can be used for quantitative estimations of step heights.Detailed calculations (1) of the bright-field intensity have been carried out in the 3 (or 2N+l)-beam symmetric case. They show that in given conditions, the two important symmetric Bloch waves interfere most strongly at a critical thickness for which they have equal emergent amplitudes (the more excited wave at the entrance surface is also the more absorbed). The transmitted intensity I for a Nd2O3 specimen has been calculated as a function of thickness t. The capacity of the method to detect a step and measure its height can be more clearly deduced from a plot of dl/Idt as shown in fig. 1.

Structural properties of GaAs/InGaAs/GaAs (001) and InGaAs/GaAs (001) heterostructures and correlation with electronic properties

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-603
Author(s):  
J.M. Bonar ◽  
R. Hull ◽  
R. Malik ◽  
R. Ryan ◽  
J.F. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
Electronic Properties ◽  
Gaas Substrate ◽  
Critical Thickness ◽  
Lattice Mismatch ◽  
Band Offset ◽  
Misfit Dislocations ◽  
Gaas Substrates ◽  
Gaas Structure ◽  
Low X

In this study we have examined a series of strained heteropeitaxial GaAs/InGaAs/GaAs and InGaAs/GaAs structures, both on (001) GaAs substrates. These heterostructures are potentially very interesting from a device standpoint because of improved band gap properties (InAs has a much smaller band gap than GaAs so there is a large band offset at the InGaAs/GaAs interface), and because of the much higher mobility of InAs. However, there is a 7.2% lattice mismatch between InAs and GaAs, so an InxGa1-xAs layer in a GaAs structure with even relatively low x will have a large amount of strain, and misfit dislocations are expected to form above some critical thickness. We attempt here to correlate the effect of misfit dislocations on the electronic properties of this material.The samples we examined consisted of 200Å InxGa1-xAs layered in a hetero-junction bipolar transistor (HBT) structure (InxGa1-xAs on top of a (001) GaAs buffer, followed by more GaAs, then a layer of AlGaAs and a GaAs cap), and a series consisting of a 200Å layer of InxGa1-xAs on a (001) GaAs substrate.

Studies of Ge/Si(100) and Observation of Atomic Steps on Si(100) using Biassed Secondary Electron Imaging in a UHV STEM

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 308-309
Author(s):  
Mohan Krishnamurthy ◽  
Jeff S. Drucker ◽  
John A. Venablest
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Critical Thickness ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Film Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Ultra High Vacuum ◽  
Surface Steps ◽  
Epitaxial Crystal Growth ◽  
Electron Imaging

Secondary Electron Imaging (SEI) has become a useful mode of studying surfaces in SEM[1] and STEM[2,3] instruments. Samples have been biassed (b-SEI) to provide increased sensitivity to topographic and thin film deposits in ultra high vacuum (UHV)-SEM[1,4]; but this has not generally been done in previous STEM studies. The recently developed UHV-STEM ( codenamed MIDAS) at ASU has efficient collection of secondary electrons using a 'parallelizer' and full sample preparation system[5]. Here we report in-situ deposition and annealing studies on the Ge/Si(100) epitaxial system, and the observation of surface steps on vicinal Si(100) using b-SEI under UHV conditions in MIDAS.Epitaxial crystal growth has previously been studied using SEM and SAM based experiments [4]. The influence of surface defects such as steps on epitaxial growth requires study with high spatial resolution, which we report for the Ge/Si(100) system. Ge grows on Si(100) in the Stranski-Krastonov growth mode wherein it forms pseudomorphic layers for the first 3-4 ML (critical thickness) and beyond which it clusters into islands[6]. In the present experiment, Ge was deposited onto clean Si(100) substrates misoriented 1° and 5° toward <110>. This was done using a mini MBE Knudsen cell at base pressure ~ 5×10-11 mbar and at typical rates of 0.1ML/min (1ML =0.14nm). Depositions just above the critical thickness were done for substrates kept at room temperature, 375°C and 525°C. The R T deposits were annealed at 375°C and 525°C for various times. Detailed studies were done of the initial stages of clustering into very fine (∼1nm) Ge islands and their subsequent coarsening and facetting with longer anneals. From the particle size distributions as a function of time and temperature, useful film growth parameters have been obtained. Fig. 1 shows a b-SE image of Ge island size distribution for a R T deposit and anneal at 525°C. Fig.2(a) shows the distribution for a deposition at 375°C and Fig.2(b) shows at a higher magnification a large facetted island of Ge. Fig.3 shows a distribution of very fine islands from a 525°C deposition. A strong contrast is obtained from these islands which are at most a few ML thick and mottled structure can be seen in the background between the islands, especially in Fig.2(a) and Fig.3.

Epitaxial Growth in Dislocation-Free Strained Alloy Films

2002 ◽  
Vol 715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Feng Huang ◽  
Rashmi C. Desai
Keyword(s):  
Deposition Rate ◽  
Elastic Moduli ◽  
Composition Dependence ◽  
Critical Thickness ◽  
Lattice Misfit ◽  
Misfit Strain ◽  
Joint Stability ◽  
Alloy Films ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Results

AbstractThe morphological and compositional instabilities in the heteroepitaxial strained alloy films have attracted intense interest from both experimentalists and theorists. To understand the mechanisms and properties for the generation of instabilities, we have developed a nonequilibrium, continuum model for the dislocation-free and coherent film systems. The early evolution processes of surface pro.les for both growing and postdeposition (non-growing) thin alloy films are studied through a linear stability analysis. We consider the coupling between top surface of the film and the underlying bulk, as well as the combination and interplay of different elastic effects. These e.ects are caused by filmsubstrate lattice misfit, composition dependence of film lattice constant (compositional stress), and composition dependence of both Young's and shear elastic moduli. The interplay of these factors as well as the growth temperature and deposition rate leads to rich and complicated stability results. For both the growing.lm and non-growing alloy free surface, we determine the stability conditions and diagrams for the system. These show the joint stability or instability for film morphology and compositional pro.les, as well as the asymmetry between tensile and compressive layers. The kinetic critical thickness for the onset of instability during.lm growth is also calculated, and its scaling behavior with respect to misfit strain and deposition rate determined. Our results have implications for real alloy growth systems such as SiGe and InGaAs, which agree with qualitative trends seen in recent experimental observations.

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