Energy dissipation of quantum‐dot cellular automata logic gates

Image Steganography isa method of concealment secret information, by embedding it into a video, image. It is one in every of the methods employed to protect secret or sensitive information from malicious attacks. Here we are consider secure image data transmission through secure nano-scale communication circuit, Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA), could be a new paradigm that replaces CMOS circuits by victimization the charge configuration. QCA is used to design the modern digital circuits at the Nanoscale. Thus, using QCA to implement the proposed design reduces 28.33% of area compared with CMOS implementation. When we consider the features of QCA nanotechnology, it performs well low power dissipation and nano scale size at high frequency is exploring as a emerging technology to replace CMOS based systems. The technology behind the QCA Feynman, Toffoli, and Fredkin universal reversible logic gates circuits in the base are implemented and analyzed. In order to optimize the design QCA technology extend up to 5-input majority gates and use a F-Gate. We are proposed reversible XOR gate like Feynman gate as an Encoder/Decoder circuit. Further consider the benifits of QCA the proposed circuit is encoder circuit is also used for reverse computing to encode the data and to use the LSB technique in the image pixels for secure nano communication circuit. We estimated the area and latency of the QCA circuit

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A creative concept for designing and simulating quaternary logic gates in quantum-dot cellular automata

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering ◽

10.1631/fitee.2000590 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 1541-1550

Author(s):

Alireza Navidi ◽

Reza Sabbaghi-Nadooshan ◽

Massoud Dousti

Keyword(s):

Cellular Automata ◽

Quantum Dot ◽

Logic Gates ◽

Quaternary Logic ◽

Quantum Dot Cellular Automata

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Rotated majority gate-based 2n-bit full adder design in quantum-dot cellular automata nanotechnology

Circuit World ◽

10.1108/cw-06-2020-0120 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Sankit Kassa ◽

Prateek Gupta ◽

Manoj Kumar ◽

Thompson Stephan ◽

Ramani Kannan

Keyword(s):

Energy Dissipation ◽

Cellular Automata ◽

Quantum Dot ◽

Circuit Design ◽

Mathematical Proof ◽

Average Energy ◽

Full Adder ◽

Majority Gate ◽

Content Type ◽

Quantum Dot Cellular Automata

Purpose In nano-scale-based very large scale integration technology, quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is considered as a strong and capable technology to replace the well-known complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology. In QCA technique, rotated majority gate (RMG) design is not explored greatly, and therefore, its advantages compared to original majority gate are unnoticed. This paper aims to provide a thorough observation at RMG gate with its capability to build robust circuits. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents a new methodology for structuring reliable 2n-bit full adder (FA) circuit design in QCA utilizing RMG. Mathematical proof is provided for RMG gate structure. A new 1-bit FA circuit design is projected here, which is constructed with RMG gate and clock-zone-based crossover approach in its configuration. Findings A new structure of a FA is projected in this paper. The proposed design uses only 50 number of QCA cells in its implementation with a latency of 3 clock zones. The proposed 1-bit FA design conception has been checked for its structure robustness by designing various 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64-bit FA designs. The proposed FA designs save power from 46.87% to 25.55% at maximum energy dissipation of circuit level, 39.05% to 23.36% at average energy dissipation of circuit-level and 42.03% to 37.18% at average switching energy dissipation of circuit level. Originality/value This paper fulfills the gape of focused research for RMG with its detailed mathematical modeling analysis.

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