Seasonal variations in urinary excretion of calcium and magnesium in healthy subjects and patients with renal calculus and chronic renal failure

1978 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Głuszek ◽  
B. Raszeja-Wanic ◽  
S. Grajek ◽  
Z. Kwias ◽  
T. Ratajczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Renal Calculus ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

Renal Excretion of Antidiuretic Hormone in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Renal Failure

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Pruszczynski ◽  
Henri Caillens ◽  
Luc Drieu ◽  
Luc Moulonguet-Doleris ◽  
Raymond Ardaillou
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Excretion Rate ◽  
Urinary Excretion Rate ◽  
Fractional Clearance

1. Urinary clearance of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) has been measured under basal conditions and during intravenous administration of arginine vasopressin in ten healthy subjects, and only under basal conditions in 18 patients with chronic renal failure and seven patients with acute renal failure at the polyuric phase of the disease. 2. In healthy subjects studied under conditions of mild water diuresis, plasma concentration, urinary excretion rate, urinary clearance and fractional clearance of ADH were 3.3 ± 0.36 pg/ml, 25.2 ± 5.5 pg/min, 7.5 ± 1.2 ml/min and 6.4 ± 1.0% (means ± sem) respectively. When plasma ADH was raised to levels between 7 and 26 pg/ml during intravenous administration of the hormone, urinary excretion rate and urinary clearance of ADH increased. Tubular reabsorption of ADH did not reach a plateau but progressively increased in the range of plasma ADH studied. 3. In patients with chronic renal failure, plasma concentration, urinary excretion rate, urinary clearance and fractional clearance of ADH were 2.8 ± 0.19 pg/ml, 9.4 ± 2.0 pg/min, 3.4 ± 0.6 ml/min and 10.0 ± 2.9% (means ± sem) respectively. Urinary excretion rate and urinary clearance were significantly lower than in healthy subjects. 4. In patients with acute renal failure, plasma concentration, urinary excretion rate, urinary clearance and fractional clearance of ADH were 4.6 ± 0.47 pg/ml, 52.8 ± 15.8 pg/min, 9.5 ± 2.7 ml/min and 24.9 ± 4.4% (means ± sem) respectively. Urinary excretion rate and fractional clearance were higher than in healthy subjects and patients with chronic renal failure. 5. These results demonstrate that most of the filtered ADH is reabsorbed by the tubules. The reabsorptive capability is markedly diminished in patients with acute renal failure at the polyuric phase of the disease.

scholarly journals Effect of an acute oral protein load on renal acidification in healthy humans and in patients with chronic renal failure.

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 784-792
Author(s):  
N G de Santo ◽  
G Capasso ◽  
G Malnic ◽  
P Anastasio ◽  
L Spitali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Base Balance

The effect of a meat load on the renal handling of acid-base balance was studied in ten healthy subjects (GFR by inulin clearance = 98.5 +/- 8.14 ml.min-1.1.73 m-2) and in ten patients affected by chronic renal failure (CRF) (GFR = 39.9 +/- 5.3 ml.min-1.1.73 m-2). After the meat load (2 g.kg-1 body weight of cooked unsalted red meat), GFR increased by 26.9% (peak value) over baseline in healthy subjects and by 32% in CRF patients. The acid-base status of the healthy subjects was in the normal range, whereas the CRF patients disclosed a slight metabolic acidosis. After a meat load, there was, in the healthy subjects, an increase in the filtered load of bicarbonate coupled to an enhanced tubular reabsorption and urinary excretion. The time course between bicarbonate load and urinary excretion was coincident. In CRF patients, the increase of bicarbonate tubular load after the meal was associated with an increase in tubular reabsorption but not in urinary excretion of this anion. The relationship between bicarbonate load and reabsorption was linear in both groups up to the highest filtered loads. Baseline titratable acidity (TA) and ammonium (NH4+) excretion (expressed per ml GFR) were increased in CRF patients as compared with control subjects, but no changes were found after the meat load in both groups in these experimental conditions. The data indicate that the renal tubules contribute to the maintenance of acid-base balance both in healthy subjects and in CRF patients by reabsorbing most of the additional bicarbonate load. The transient, but significant, increase in bicarbonate excretion observed in healthy subjects could be related to the increased tubular load of bicarbonate. In CRF patients, tubular bicarbonate reabsorption was more complete, possibly because of the stimulation of H+ secretion by the mild metabolic acidosis. TA and NH4+ did not participate in tubular compensation of the increased buffer load.

Disturbed lipoprotein composition in non-dialyzed, hemodialysis, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and post-transplant patients with chronic renal failure

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Kimak ◽  
Andrzej Książek ◽  
Janusz Solski
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Lipoprotein Composition

AbstractStudies were carried out in 183 non-dialyzed, 123 hemodialysis, 81 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and 35 post-transplant patients and in 103 healthy subjects as a reference group. Lipids and apolipoprotein (apo)AI and apoB were determined using Roche kits. An anti-apoB antibody was used to separate apoB-containing apoCIII and apoE-triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) in the non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) fraction from apoCIIInonB and apoEnonB in the HDL fraction in four groups of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and healthy subjects. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between triglyceride (TG) or HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations and lipoproteins. Dyslipidemia varied according to the degree of renal insufficiency, the type of dialysis and therapy regime in CRF patients. Lipoprotein disturbances were manifested by increased TG, non-HDL-C and TRL concentrations, and decreased HDL-C and apoAI concentrations, whereas post-renal transplant patients showed normalization of lipid and lipoprotein profiles, except for TG levels and total apoCIII and apoCIIInonB. The present study indicates that CRF patients have disturbed lipoprotein composition, and that hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C concentrations in these patients are multifactorial, being secondary to disturbed lipoproteins. The method using anti-apoB antibodies to separate apoB-containing lipoproteins in the non-HDL fraction from non-apoB-containing lipoproteins in HDL can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with progression of renal failure or atherosclerosis. The variability of TG and HDL-C concentrations depends on the variability of TRL and cholesterol-rich lipoprotein concentrations, but the decreases in TG and increases in HDL-C concentrations are caused by apoAI concentration variability. These relationships, however, need to be confirmed in further studies.

Effects of age and chronic renal failure on the urinary excretion kinetics of famotidine in man

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Lin ◽  
A. N. Chremos ◽  
K. C. Yeh ◽  
J. Antonello ◽  
G. A. Hessey
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Excretion Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

Elevated temporal QT variability index in patients with chronic renal failure

2004 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats JOHANSSON ◽  
Sinsia A. GAO ◽  
Peter FRIBERG ◽  
Marita ANNERSTEDT ◽  
Göran BERGSTRÖM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmia ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Qt Variability Index ◽  
Qt Variability ◽  
Variability Index

Patients with CRF (chronic renal failure) are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, and 60% of cardiovascular mortality in CRF is attributed to sudden death. Various abnormalities in myocardial repolarization are associated with the risk of ventricular arrhythmia. The aim of this study was to evaluate an index of temporal myocardial repolarization lability, the temporal QTVI (QT variability index), in patients with CRF. ECGs were recorded in 153 patients with CRF on haemodialysis (n=67), continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (n=43) or conservative treatment (n=43) during 30 min of rest. QTVI was calculated as the logarithm of the ratio between the variances of the normalized QT and RR intervals. Age-matched healthy subjects (n=39) were examined for comparison. QTVI was increased by 47% in CRF patients compared with healthy subjects (−0.82±0.56 compared with −1.54±0.27 respectively; P<0.01). QTVI did not differ among patients on dialysis or conservative treatment, whereas QTVI was elevated further in patients with diabetes compared with non-diabetic CRF patients (−0.56±0.54 compared with −0.94±0.52 respectively; P<0.01). In a multiple linear regression analysis, diabetes and a history of coronary artery disease were the only independent predictors of QTVI in the CRF population. The present study demonstrates that elevated QTVI in patients with CRF is associated with diabetes and coronary disease. The present findings are important given that repolarization instability may predispose to ventricular arrhythmia and sudden death, events that occur frequently in CRF patients.

Ion chromatographic determination of plasma oxalate in healthy subjects, in patients with chronic renal failure and in cases of hyperoxaluric syndromes

1990 ◽  
Vol 511 ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Petrarulo ◽  
Ornella Bianco ◽  
Martino Marangella ◽  
Sergio Pellegrino ◽  
Franco Linari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Chromatographic Determination

Effect of Omeprazole on the Urinary Excretion of Aluminum and Phosphorus in Chronic Renal Failure

Nephron ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Di Iorio ◽  
A. Bruno ◽  
V. Terracciano ◽  
C. Altieri ◽  
D. Papaleo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Urinary Excretion

scholarly journals Kinetics, dynamics, and bioavailability of bumetanide in healthy subjects and patients with chronic renal failure

1986 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 635-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry S H Lau ◽  
Martha L Hyneck ◽  
Rosemary R Berardi ◽  
Richard D Swartz ◽  
David E Smith
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Healthy Subjects

scholarly journals Blood concentration and urinary excretion of captopril (SQ 14,225) in patients with chronic renal failure.

Hypertension ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Onoyama ◽  
H Hirakata ◽  
K Iseki ◽  
S Fujimi ◽  
T Omae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Blood Concentration
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