Mechanism for the Cellular Uptake of Targeted Gold Nanorods of Defined Aspect Ratios

Small ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (37) ◽  
pp. 5178-5189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongrong Yang ◽  
Zhong Chen ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Wing-Yin Yung ◽  
Ken Cham-Fai Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Aspect Ratios

Cellular Uptake and Cytotoxicity of Varying Aspect Ratios of Gold Nanorods in HeLa Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1374-1384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deshani Fernando ◽  
Shoukath Sulthana ◽  
Yolanda Vasquez
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Aspect Ratios

scholarly journals Direct formation of gold nanorods on surfaces using polymer-immobilised gold seeds

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 809-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid K Abyaneh ◽  
Pietro Parisse ◽  
Loredana Casalis
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Gold Salt ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Direct Formation ◽  
Growth Method ◽  
Direct Growth ◽  
Gold Seed

Herein, we present the formation of gold nanorods (GNRs) on novel gold–poly(methyl methacrylate) (Au–PMMA) nanocomposite substrates with unprecedented growth control through the polymer molecular weight (M w) and gold-salt-to-polymer weight ratio. For the first time, GNRs have been produced by seed-mediated direct growth on surfaces that were pre-coated with polymer-immobilised gold seeds. A Au–PMMA nanocomposite formed by UV photoreduction has been used as the gold seed. The influence of polymer M w and gold concentration on the formation of GNRs has been investigated and discussed. The polymer nanocomposite formed with a lower M w PMMA and 20 wt % gold salt provides a suitable medium for growing well-dispersed GNRs. In this sample, the average dimension of produced GNRs is 200 nm in length with aspect ratios up to 10 and a distribution of GNRs to nanoparticles of nearly 22%. Suitable characterization techniques such as AFM and SEM have been used to support concept of the proposed growth method.

Surface modification of gold nanorods using layer-by-layer technique for cellular uptake

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironobu Takahashi ◽  
Takuro Niidome ◽  
Takahito Kawano ◽  
Sunao Yamada ◽  
Yasuro Niidome
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Layer Technique ◽  
Layer By Layer Technique

scholarly journals Two-step synthesis of high aspect ratio gold nanorods

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Mortier ◽  
André Persoons ◽  
Thierry Verbiest
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
High Aspect Ratio ◽  
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Synthetic Method ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Seed Mediated

AbstractWe describe a very simple, two-step synthetic method to prepare gold nanorods with extremely high aspect ratios (> 20) and average lengths of more than 1000 nm. The method is based on a seed-mediated growth in presence of the surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. The length and aspect ratios of the nanorods can be manipulated by varying the surfactant concentration.

scholarly journals Coupled elasticity–diffusion model for the effects of cytoskeleton deformation on cellular uptake of cylindrical nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (102) ◽  
pp. 20141023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jizeng Wang ◽  
Long Li
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Configurational Entropy ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Membrane Deformations

Molecular dynamic simulations and experiments have recently demonstrated how cylindrical nanoparticles (CNPs) with large aspect ratios penetrate animal cells and inevitably deform cytoskeletons. Thus, a coupled elasticity–diffusion model was adopted to elucidate this interesting biological phenomenon by considering the effects of elastic deformations of cytoskeleton and membrane, ligand–receptor binding and receptor diffusion. The mechanism by which the binding energy drives the CNPs with different orientations to enter host cells was explored. This mechanism involved overcoming the resistance caused by cytoskeleton and membrane deformations and the change in configurational entropy of the ligand–receptor bonds and free receptors. Results showed that deformation of the cytoskeleton significantly influenced the engulfing process by effectively slowing down and even hindering the entry of the CNPs. Additionally, the engulfing depth was determined quantitatively. CNPs preferred or tended to vertically attack target cells until they were stuck in the cytoskeleton as implied by the speed of vertically oriented CNPs that showed much faster initial engulfing speeds than horizontally oriented CNPs. These results elucidated the most recent molecular dynamics simulations and experimental observations on the cellular uptake of carbon nanotubes and phagocytosis of filamentous Escherichia coli bacteria. The most efficient engulfment showed the stiffness-dependent optimal radius of the CNPs. Cytoskeleton stiffness exhibited more significant influence on the optimal sizes of the vertical uptake than the horizontal uptake.

Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Coated with pH-Responsive Polymers and Evaluation of the Cellular Uptake

2012 ◽  
Vol 1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeo Ito ◽  
Eriko Kusaka ◽  
Yu Isobe ◽  
Sei-ichi Nishimoto
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Endocytic Pathway ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Ph Responsive ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Responsive Polymers ◽  
Ph Responsive Polymers

ABSTRACTGold nanorods (AuNRs) show surface plasmon absorption bands in the near-infrared region. This characteristic property has stimulated utilization of gold nanorods as novel nanoprobes for noninvasive bioimaging, such as photoacoustic tomography. Herein, we discuss the synthesis of a series of gold nanorods coated with pH-responsive polymers to investigate the effect of the surface structure and zeta potential of nanoparticles on cellular uptake via a surface charge-mediated endocytic pathway. The surface of the gold nanorods was modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG@AuNR) and tertiary amine derivatives, specifically, diethylaminoethyl ester (1@AuNRs), its amide analog (2@AuNRs), and dimethylaminoethyl ester (3@AuNRs). It was found that the pH-sensitivity of1@AuNRs was relatively high and the surface was positively charged at lower pH. In contrast, the tertiary amino group of1@AuNRs was deprotonated to form an electrostatically neutral surface at higher pH. The pH-responsive gold nanorods were incubated with A549 cells (human lung cancer cells) to quantify the amount of cellular uptake using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results indicate that1@AuNRs can be taken up efficiently in the cells, and thereafter, slowly flow out of the cells. Interestingly, only small amounts of the amide analog (2@AuNRs) were taken into the cells, suggesting minor structural changes may affect the interaction between the cell surface and AuNRs. This study highlights a potential application of pH-sensitive nanorods as a probe for bioimaging the acidic environment of tumors.

The influence of cellular uptake on gold nanorods photostability and photoacoustic conversion efficiency

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Cavigli ◽  
Fulvio Ratto ◽  
Francesca Tatini ◽  
Paolo Matteini ◽  
Alberto Cini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Gold Nanorods

scholarly journals Interaction of Gold Nanorods with Human Dermal Fibroblasts: Cytotoxicity, Cellular Uptake, and Wound Healing

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1131
Author(s):  
Nouf N. Mahmoud ◽  
Lubna M. Al-Kharabsheh ◽  
Enam A. Khalil ◽  
Rana Abu-Dahab
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Healing Rate ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Human Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Wound Healing Rate

Herein, the cytotoxicity, cellular uptake and wound healing of human dermal fibroblasts were investigated upon treatment with gold nanorods (GNR) decorated with different ligands. Neutral and cationic poly ethylene glycol (PEG)-decorated GNR demonstrated the least cytotoxicity and cellular internalization, while anionic- and bovine serum albumin (BSA)-coated GNR revealed significant cytotoxicity and cellular uptake into human dermal fibroblasts. The cell scratch test demonstrated that neutral, cationic PEGylated GNR and anionic-decorated GNR have accelerated the wound healing rate in vitro after 24 h of incubation with scratched human dermal fibroblasts compared to control, while there was a drastic retardation of wound healing rate of scratched fibroblasts upon exposure to BSA-GNR accompanied with a significant release of the inflammatory cytokine; interlukin-1β (IL-1β). The cytotoxicity of GNR against the dermal cells and their ability to enhance the wound healing in vitro are greatly linked to their surface modifications.

Gold Nanorods: From Synthesis to Optical Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 602-603 ◽  
pp. 993-997
Author(s):  
Gui Jun Ban ◽  
Xiu Li Fu ◽  
Zhi Jian Peng
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
Surface Plasmon Resonance Peak ◽  
Plasmon Resonance Peak ◽  
Aspect Ratios

Gold nanorods with different aspect ratios, exhibiting localized surface plasmon resonance in a tuned longitudinal mode, were prepared by employing a seed mediated growth approach. Their third-order nonlinear optical properties were investigated by using femtosecond Z-scan technique at 800 nm. All the prepared gold nanorods with different aspect ratios exhibited a reverse saturation absorbance behavior, and the value of effective nonlinear absorption coefficient reaches its maximum when the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance peak of the gold nanorods located near the excitation wavelength.

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