Signal Propagation in Electromagnetic Media Modelled by the Two-Sided Fractional Derivative

In this paper, wave propagation is considered in a medium described by a fractional-order model, which is formulated with the use of the two-sided fractional derivative of Ortigueira and Machado. Although the relation of the derivative to causality is clearly specified in its definition, there is no obvious relation between causality of the derivative and causality of the transfer function induced by this derivative. Hence, causality of the system is investigated; its output is an electromagnetic signal propagating in media described by the time-domain two-sided fractional derivative. It is demonstrated that, for the derivative order in the range [1,+∞), the transfer function describing attenuated signal propagation is not causal for any value of the asymmetry parameter of the derivative. On the other hand, it is shown that, for derivative orders in the range (0,1), the transfer function is causal if and only if the asymmetry parameter is equal to certain specific values corresponding to the left-sided Grünwald–Letnikov derivative. The results are illustrated by numerical simulations and analyses. Some comments on the Kramers–Krönig relations for logarithm of the transfer function are presented as well.

Jurisdictional Error as Conceptual Totem

Jurisdictional error is pivotal but not, in any substantive sense, ‘central’. It is pivotal because it marks important boundaries (drawn by reference to other ideas) in the law of judicial review of executive action. This pivotal but not central role has enabled jurisdictional error to function as a ‘conceptual totem’, emblematic of a determinedly ‘statutory approach’ to the articulation and elaboration of administrative law norms. After elaborating these claims, the article goes on to doubt the constitutional case for the retention of the statutory approach that, in recent years, has come to characterise the Australian approach to jurisdictional error. Recognition of the totemic function of jurisdictional error, it is concluded, is a helpful first step in better understanding and analysing administrative law norms which bear no obvious relation to statute.

Cattle Hygiene Status and Its Relation with Subclinical Mastitis: A Study in Commercial Farms in Rampur, Nepal

Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine the hygiene status of cattle in commercial farms of Rampur and its association with subclinical mastitis.Study Design: Purposive study with cross sectional design.Methods and Methodology: Hygiene Scorecard devised by N.B Cook University of Wisconsin- Madison, USA was taken as reference to evaluate hygienic status of rear and hind parts of animal with score of 1 to 4, 1 for the cleanest and 4 for the dirtiest. For screening test of subclinical mastitis, California mastitis test with 211 cows with all their 4 quarters were examined from November 2015 till February 2016.Results: The overall prevalence rate was reported as 69% in cattle. Mean hygiene score of cow was 2.4 with udder, lower leg and flank being 2.80, 2.42 and 2.64 respectively. Mean CMT score of different quarters was found to be left front, left hind, right front, and right hind being 0.86, 0.83, 0.88, and 0.74 respectively. Hygiene score of cow of different parts and SCM presence percentage in all individual scores were calculated to make obvious relation that with increasing score from 1 to 4, SCM presence rate was increased making it clear that with compromised hygienic condition SCM presence was high.Conclusion: The study revealed that prevalence of Subclinical mastitis was high with increasing hygiene score of rear body parts that is with increasing unhygienic condition. Udder was competitively cleaner than rear and flank regions. Mastitis test (CMT) was done in a total of 211 cows with 844 quarters.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(3): 252-254

Functional Itô versus Banach space stochastic calculus and strict solutions of semilinear path-dependent equations

Functional Itô calculus was introduced in order to expand a functional [Formula: see text] depending on time [Formula: see text], past and present values of the process [Formula: see text]. Another possibility to expand [Formula: see text] consists in considering the path [Formula: see text] as an element of the Banach space of continuous functions on [Formula: see text] and to use Banach space stochastic calculus. The aim of this paper is threefold. (1) To reformulate functional Itô calculus, separating time and past, making use of the regularization procedures which match more naturally the notion of horizontal derivative which is one of the tools of that calculus. (2) To exploit this reformulation in order to discuss the (not obvious) relation between the functional and the Banach space approaches. (3) To study existence and uniqueness of smooth solutions to path-dependent partial differential equations which naturally arise in the study of functional Itô calculus. More precisely, we study a path-dependent equation of Kolmogorov type which is related to the window process of the solution to an Itô stochastic differential equation with path-dependent coefficients. We also study a semilinear version of that equation.

Compressive Behavior of Recycled Mortar After Exposure to High Temperatures

The possibility of using fine recycled concrete aggregate as a substitute for natural sand are relatively limited. In order to promote it for engineering application, this paper reports the effect of elevated temperatures from room temperature to 600oC on the compressive behavior of mortars containing recycled fine concrete aggregate was investigated. It is found that no obvious relation between the color change and the recycled mortars replacement percentage.And the mass loss of recycled mortars is larger than that of normal mortars.The compressive strength of recycled mortars declines significantly as the temperature rises. The elastic modulus of recycled mortars decreased with the increase in temperature, and the decrease is much quicker than the decrease in compressive strength.

PERITUMORAL EDEMA AT BRAIN MENINGIOMAS

Among edema-producing neoplasms of central neural system, the meningiomas are unique. Meningiomas are histologically benign, slow growing and originate extracerebrally. The development of accompanying peritumoral brain edema (PВE) occurs in 40–60 % of meningiomas and often with a high degree of PВE with no obvious relation to the size and histologic features of the meningioma. The aim of our study was to determine the correlation between such parameters as gender, age of the patient, localization of the tumor tissue and the presence/severity of PBE. At meningiomas PBE was present in 70,1 % of patients. Meningioma with the presence of PBE occur more often than tumors without PBE. Olfactory groove tumors have more pronounced degree of PBE, unlike meningiomas of parasagittal localization and the region of the wings of the sphenoid bone. Mixed meningiomas had a greater degree of PBE unlike meningotheliomatozic and fibroblastic variants.

A Grammar-Based Semantic Similarity Algorithm for Natural Language Sentences

This paper presents a grammar and semantic corpus based similarity algorithm for natural language sentences. Natural language, in opposition to “artificial language”, such as computer programming languages, is the language used by the general public for daily communication. Traditional information retrieval approaches, such as vector models, LSA, HAL, or even the ontology-based approaches that extend to include concept similarity comparison instead of cooccurrence terms/words, may not always determine the perfect matching while there is no obvious relation or concept overlap between two natural language sentences. This paper proposes a sentence similarity algorithm that takes advantage of corpus-based ontology and grammatical rules to overcome the addressed problems. Experiments on two famous benchmarks demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has a significant performance improvement in sentences/short-texts with arbitrary syntax and structure.

Experimental Study on Influence of Cooling Air Flow Upon Surface Temperature of High-Temperature Turbine Blades in Gas Turbine

On the basis of the issues occurring in practical production, an experimental study on the influence of cooling media flow upon the surface temperatures of LP turbine blades is carried out on a turbine. The experiment results show that, when the tolerance range of the cooling media flow is narrowed, the surface temperature difference of the blades in blade row is also narrowed evidently, while it has no obvious relation to the “corresponding probability” between the cooling media flow and the blade surface temperature. A few blades even show a “full non-corresponding” relationship. The reason of this phenomenon is that the vortex-matrix type inner cooling structure of blades makes the casting process more complex. The experiment results are helpful to the confirmation of the water flow tolerance in reason and the perfection of the process detail.

Study on Resistance of Marine Silica-Fume Concrete in both Frost-Thaw Cycles and Chloride Penetration and its Microstructure (Part II)

A study was made from both macro and micro aspects into the resistance in frost-thaw cycles and chloride penetration of silica-fume concrete by simulating the characteristics of the marine environment and using the R-value evaluation method, MIP and SEM experiments. after concrete is under frost and thaw cycles by the erosion of seawater, the levels of the most probable pore radius and total porosity have a certain law of varying with the level of R-value, among which, an obvious relation of correspondence in a inverse proportion exists; the concrete mixed with silica fume has a poor ability of SO42− penetration resistance; the amount and types of superficial and internal corrosive products can reflect the reason of difference in concrete R-value, that is, when the R-value is high, the amount and types of superficial corrosive products are more than that of internal corrosive products. MIP and SEM micro analytical results can prove the macro conclusion of R-value evaluation method.

A Comparative Study on Wood Properties of Teaks from Different Geographical Provenances

In order to understand the effects of geographical provenances of teak on wood properties and improve the quality of afforestation in china, research was carried on wood properties of eight provenances of teak at age 27 in Ledong Country, Hainan Island. The slices revealed that the constructional characteristics from different geographical provenances of teak were very similar. But the effect of geographical provenance on teak wood properties was highly significant. The relationship results for properties of teak showed that properties of most wood species had the obvious relation with basic density, which can be used to guide the selection of the teak provenance in the early planting to improve the quality of teak.