Topical Occlusive Corticosteroid Therapy for the Treatment of Gingival Manifestation of Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid - a Case Report

Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a chronic, autoimmune, subepithelial vesiculobullous disease that very frequently affects the mucous membranes and less often the skin. Oral cavity is the most commonly affected site and desquamative gingivitis (DG) is the most common manifestation. This is the main reason why dentists play a vital role in the diagnosis and managing the oral health of patients. Treatment is usually challenging, however, it only can achieve temporary symptomatic effect. We report a case of desquamative gingivi-tis, manifestation of MMP that was treated successfully with topical corticosteroid. The latter was applied by using of individual made custom trays to improve clinical efficacy. 

Time to Start Calling Things by Their Own Names? The Case for Antiseizure Medicines

Medicines currently used in the management of epilepsy have been developed to suppress seizures, and they have no known impact on the underlying disease. Using the term “antiepileptic” to describe these compounds is misleading because it suggests an action on the epilepsy itself. Pharmacological agents that have a merely symptomatic effect should be referred to as antiseizure medicines. Using appropriate terminology is especially important at a time innovative treatments targeting the development of epilepsy and its comorbidities are being actively pursued.

Automatic segmentation of spinal cord diffusion MR Images for disease location finding

<p>Dissemination weighted MR imaging may build the affectability and explicitness of MR imaging for certain pathologic states of the spinal rope yet is once in a while performed as a result of a few specialized issues. We consequently tried a novel stage explored turn reverberation dispersion weighted interleaved reverberation planar imaging arrangement in seven sound volunteers and six patients with intramedullary injuries. We performed dispersion weighted MR imaging of the spinal string with high spatial goals. Distinctive examples of dissemination irregularities saw in patient investigations bolster the conceivable symptomatic effect of dispersion weighted MR imaging for ailments of the spinal string. MR imaging has turned into the system of decision for imaging the spinal rope on account of a high affectability for pathologic intra medullary changes. In any case, the explicitness of anomalies oftentimes lingers behind when utilizing just regular MR arrangements. Dissemination weighted MR imaging guarantees to supply additional data in light of trademark changes of the clear dispersion coefficient, for example, those showed in intense ischemia, tumors, or sores related among numerous sclerosis. To date, the indicative commitment of dispersion weighted MR imaging has been concerted essentially in the cerebrum since dissemination weighted MR imaging of the spine is in detail every one the more requesting. Both the little size of the spinal rope and movement-initiated antiquities must be considered. We in this manner built up another examination strategy and tried its unwavering quality and potential for adding to the symptomatic workup of patients with spinal rope indications.</p>

Correlation Between the Age, Motor Subtypes and the Necessity of Advanced Therapy in Parkinson Disease

Levodopa (L-dopa), a precursor of dopamine, remained the gold standard among antiparkinsonian drugs and virtually, in different stages, all patients will require the more powerful symptomatic effect of L-dopa. In addition, continuous Levodopa/Carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) infusion therapy, via a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) and a portable infusion pump, is well established for the treatment of advanced Parkinson�s disease (PD), substantially improving motor symptoms and quality of life in these patients. This study aimed to evaluate the necessity of LCGI depending the PD motor subtypes and age at onset of the disease. Seventy patients diagnosed with PD were included in our study. The Unified Parkinson�s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) was performed in on state. The patients were classified as tremor-dominant type (TDT), akinetic-rigid type (ART) and mixed type (MT). Depending on form of levodopa, thirty-six patients were on L-dopa orally and thirty-four patients were on LCIG. The results of our study showed that there was a statistically significant correlation between the age at onset of PD and the motor subtype of the disease. Also, we observed that the lower the age at diagnosis, the more our patients have reached the need for LCGI. Regarding the motor subtype, our study showed that the mixed typed request more frequent LCGI. Our data show that age and motor profile at onset can predict the necessity of advanced therapy.

Modern Aspects of Etiopathogenetic Treatment of Ophthalmodemodicosis (Literature Review)

Demodicosis is one of most spread dermatosis. Blepharitis of Demodectic etiology occupy from 39 to 88% among all inflammatory diseases of the eyelids. The disease is widespread, 89% of patients are parasite carriers, despite the fact that most of them do not feel any manifestations of this pathology. The effect of predisposing factors such as chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver, endocrine pathology, undernutrition, unhealthy habits etc. promote the development of Demodicosis. According to some authors, the mite of Demodex genus is a potentially pathogenic saprophyte microorganism, showing its pathogenic activity under certain conditions. According to Russian studies, infection with Demodex is up to 92%, but it is not always Demodicosis, the manifestations of it depend not only on the number of individuals, but also on the state of immunodefence. In recent years, cases of mite detection in humans have increased. Perhaps, this is facilitated by the environmental problem associated with environmental pollution, including air pollution, and the growth of chronic diseases, especially digestive diseases, endocrine diseases — diabetes mellitus. The reason for this, as a rule, is an unhealthy way of life and nutrition. Despite the variety of drugs with specific and symptomatic effect, the treatment of eye Demodicosis is ineffective. This is caused by the duration of therapy, noncompliance of treatment and hygiene standards, the prescription of symptomatic drugs that do not have acaricidal action, the lack of chronic diseases treatment, and the need for comprehensive treatment of eye Demodicosis by an ophthalmologist and facial skin — by a dermatologist. The lack of knowledge of etiopathogenesis and the insufficient effectiveness of Demodex therapy methods contribute to its chronically recurrent course with impairment of the severity of clinical manifestations and are a significant psychotraumatic factor for patients that leads to the development of psychoasthenic state and neuroses and indicates the medico-social significance of the problem of this Dermatosis.

Chronic valproate attenuates some, but not all, facets of mania-like behaviour in mice

Bipolar disorder (BD) mania is a psychiatric disorder with multifaceted symptoms. Development of targeted treatments for BD mania may benefit from animal models that mimic multiple symptoms, as opposed to hyperactivity alone. Using the reverse-translated multivariate exploratory paradigm, the behavioural pattern monitor (BPM), we reported that patients with BD mania exhibit hyperactivity as well as increased specific exploration and more linear movements through space. This abnormal profile is also observed in mice with reduced function of the dopamine transporter (DAT) through either constitutive genetic [knockdown (KD)] or acute pharmacological (GBR12909) means. Here, we assessed the pharmacological predictive validity of these models by administering the BD-treatment valproic acid (VPA) for 28 d. After 1.5% VPA- or regular-chow treatment for 28 d, C57BL/6J mice received GBR12909 (9 mg/kg) or saline and were tested in the BPM. Similarly, DAT KD and wild type (WT) littermates were treated with VPA-chow and tested in the BPM. GBR12909-treated and DAT KD mice on regular chow were hyperactive, exhibited increased specific exploration and moved in straighter patterns compared to saline-treated and WT mice respectively. Chronic 1.5% VPA-chow treatment resulted in therapeutic concentrations of VPA and ameliorated hyperactivity in both models, while specific exploration and behavioural organization remained unaffected. Hence, the mania-like profile of mice with reduced functional DAT was partially attenuated by chronic VPA treatment, consistent with the incomplete symptomatic effect of VPA treatment in BD patients. Both DAT models may help to identify therapeutics that impact the full spectrum of BD mania.

Oral Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer: Risk, Biology, and Management

Of the toxicities associated with conventional forms of treatment for head and neck cancers, probably none has such a consistent legacy as oral mucositis. 1 Despite the fact that mucosal injury was noted as far back as Marie Curie's first forays into therapeutic radiation, an effective intervention has yet to be developed. In addition to its historic link to radiation, new therapeutic strategies including induction chemotherapy often produce mucositis, and targeted therapies appear to alter mucositis risk and its severity and course. 2 The symptomatic effect of oral mucositis is profound. Disabling oral and oropharyngeal pain prevents patients from eating normally, requires opiate analgesics, and in some cases results in alteration or discontinuation of anticancer therapy. 3 Furthermore, the health and economic consequences of oral mucositis are far from trivial. The incremental cost of oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer exceeds $17,000 (USD). 4

A novel approach to hyperemesis gravidarum: evaluation by a visual analogue scale score and treatment with transdermal clonidine

Objective A preliminary report on the symptomatic effect of clonidine in severe hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). Design Observational. Settting Hospital based: Ospedale Sant'Anna, Torino, Italy. Population Twelve pregnant women, 8–16 weeks, affected by severe, refractory HG. Methods Assessment by two clinical score indexes: Pregnancy Unique Quantification of Emesis (PUQE) score and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) 5-item questionnaire, filled out daily, to detect subjective improvement or worsening of symptoms. Main outcome measures PUQE score and VAS score before and after transdermal clonidine treatment. Results We found substantial improvement of symptoms and severity score indexes after four and 14 days. The comparison of pretreatment and post-treatment scores shows a significant statistical difference P < 0.0001. Conclusion Transdermal clonidine may be considered as a treatment for resistant severe HG.