Microbiome First Approaches to Rescue Public Health and Reduce Human Suffering

The is a sequential article to an initial review suggesting that Microbiome First medical approaches to human health and wellness could both aid the fight against noncommunicable diseases and conditions (NCDs) and help to usher in sustainable healthcare. This current review article specifically focuses on public health programs and initiatives and what has been termed by medical journals as a catastrophic record of recent failures. Included in the review is a discussion of the four priority behavioral modifications (food choices, cessation of two drugs of abuse, and exercise) advocated by the World Health Organization as the way to stop the ongoing NCD epidemic. The lack of public health focus on the majority of cells and genes in the human superorganism, the microbiome, is highlighted as is the “regulatory gap” failure to protect humans, particularly the young, from a series of mass population toxic exposures (e.g., asbestos, trichloroethylene, dioxin, polychlorinated biphenyls, triclosan, bisphenol A and other plasticizers, polyfluorinated compounds, herbicides, food emulsifiers, high fructose corn syrup, certain nanoparticles, endocrine disruptors, and obesogens). The combination of early life toxicity for the microbiome and connected human physiological systems (e.g., immune, neurological), plus a lack of attention to the importance of microbial rebiosis has facilitated rather than suppressed, the NCD epidemic. This review article concludes with a call to place the microbiome first and foremost in public health initiatives as a way to both rescue public health effectiveness and reduce the human suffering connected to comorbid NCDs.

Microbiome First Approaches to Rescue Public Health and Reduce Human Suffering

The is a sequential article to an initial review suggesting that Microbiome First medical approaches to human health and wellness could both aid the fight against noncommunicable diseases and conditions (NCDs) and help to usher in sustainable healthcare. This current review article specifically focuses on public health programs and initiatives and what has been termed by medical journals as a catastrophic record of recent failures. Included in the review is a discussion of the four priority behavioral modifications (food choices, cessation of two drugs of abuse, and exercise) advocated by the World Health Organization as the way to stop the ongoing NCD epidemic. The lack of public health focus on the majority of cells and genes in the human superorganism, the microbiome, is highlighted as is the “regulatory gap” failure to protect humans, particularly the young, from a series of mass population toxic exposures (e.g., asbestos, trichloroethylene, dioxin, polychlorinated biphenyls, triclosan, bisphenol A and other plasticizers, polyfluorinated compounds, herbicides, food emulsifiers, high fructose corn syrup, certain nanoparticles, endocrine disruptors, obesogens). The combination of early life toxicity for the microbiome and connected human physiological systems (e.g., immune, neurological), plus a lack of attention to the importance of microbial rebiosis has facilitated rather than suppressed, the NCD epidemic. This review article concludes with a call to place the microbiome first and foremost in public health initiatives as a way to both rescue public health effectiveness and reduce the human suffering connected to co-morbid NCDs.

Collaborative Study for the Quantification of Total Contents of 2- and 3-Monochloropropanediol and Glycidol in Food Emulsifiers by GC-MS

An international robin round was carried out to validate a method for the quantification of 2-monochloropropane-1,3-diol (2-MCPD), 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and 2,3-epoxy-1-propanol (Glycidol) being present as fatty acid esters in plant-based food emulsifiers. The evaluated method was a modification of the American Oil Chemist´s Society (AOCS) Official Method Cd29b-13. Briefly, this method consists from parallel analysis of two sample aliquots that are spiked with different sets of internal standards. Mild alkaline interesterification overnight in the freezer releases the core analytes. Reaction stop and glycidol conversion into monobromopropanediol (MBPD) is realised by addition of acidified sodium bromide solution. Subsequently, matrix removal and analyte extraction are achieved by two liquid/liquid (l/l) extraction steps. After derivatisation with phenylboronic acid (PBA) the final extracts are analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Quantification is carried out by internal one-point-calibration. 6 laboratories from 4 European countries participated in the trial and reported 8 data sets for 10 test materials (mono- and diacylglycerides as well as polyglycerol polyricinoleates) that were analysed as blind duplicates, giving a total of 20 samples. Result outliers were eliminated according to accepted standards. At 2-MCPD levels above 0.02 mg/kg, 3-MCPD levels above 0.06 mg/kg and glycidol levels above 0.22 mg/kg repeatability (RSDr) ranged from 1.5 % to 24.9 %, reproducibility (RSDR) ranged from 7.8 % to 29.0 % and HORRATR-values ranged from 0.5 to 1.7. The tested method showed to be suitable for the determination of 2-MCPD, 3-MCPD and glycidol in food emulsifiers consisting from mono- and diacylglycerides as well as polyglycerol polyricinoleates.