‘Clan’ and ‘Family’: Transformations of Sociality among the Wampar, Papua New Guinea

Changes in what anthropologists understand “clan” to refer to, and the social relations that many sociologists think of as constituting a “nuclear family” are at the centre of this article. It is based on ethnography among Wampar speakers in north-eastern Papua New Guinea (PNG). Among the Wampar, different, sometimes conflicting, transitions relevant to the emergence of the family as an accentuated social entity can be observed; yet all are a result of Christianisation and the local effects of capitalism. Nominally patrilineal clans (sagaseg), after a period when they seemed to have a somewhat diminished social significance, are again crucial social units: a result of the government’s requirement that statutory Incorporated Land Groups (ILGs) form the sole legal basis of compensation for land use. At the same time, there has been an increasing emphasis on the nuclear family, which, along with the aspiration for modern lifestyles (and their associated consumption patterns) and education for children, has reconfigured the gendered division of labour. Ideals of companionate marriage and values specific to the nuclear family have become much more critical to social practices. In some families, traditional notions of descent have lost importance to such an extent that some young people are no longer aware of their sagaseg membership. Wampar men and women discuss these conflicting tendencies and argue about the different values that ground them. Which argument prevails often depends on the specific position of the person confronting them.

The Application of Salutogenesis in Communities and Neighborhoods

Communities and neighborhoods have reemerged as important settings for health promotion; they are particularly effective for encouraging social processes which may shape our life-chances and lead to improved health and well-being; consequently, as Scriven and Hodgins, (2012) note, of all the settings (cities, schools, workplaces, universities, etc.), communities are the least well defined. Indeed, within the health literature, they are frequently referred to in terms of place, identity, social entity, or collective action.This chapter on communities and neighborhoods distinguishes between settings as a place (natural and built environment), identity (sense of community), social entity (cohesion, social capital), and collective action (reactive-resilience; proactive-community action) – all meaningful categories of generalized resistance resources (GRRs). Such clearly defined GRR categories would allow the study of their relative importance for developing the sense of coherence (SOC) and a newer concept – setting-specific SOC.

CSR and Corporate India: A Study on Public and Private Sector Divide

CSR is increasingly a misunderstood and much debated concept worldwide. There is a saying in the business, “Business of the business is to do business and nothing else”. Profit is the only and dominating objective of the business, as profit is needed both for the working and growth of the business. Over the time, there has been a sea change in the objectivity and priority of business. From a commercial unit, the business now has been a social entity with corporate citizenship. CSR is fast becoming an increasing business strategy both nationally and globally. CSR practices of Indian companies got a radical boost with statutory provision in the Companies Act 2013 that make it mandatory to every Indian company and foreign entity with Indian presence to spend 2 per cent of its average net profits of its profit made during the three immediately preceding financial years, in pursuance of its Corporate Social Responsibility Policy. There exists difference in the outlook of companies towards social causes and varying CSR policies and practices. Also Public and private sector divide in CSR practices prevails. There is need for continuous investigation of the changing social and economic needs and the role of corporate houses in meeting the aspirations of the stakeholders and the society at large. Keeping this in view, the present paper entitled “CSR and Corporate India: A Study on Public and Private Sector Divide” is a sincere attempt to make a comparative analysis of CSR practices of public sector and private sector companies with special emphasis on industries of Kalinganagar steel hub of Odisha. Keywords: CSR, FDI, MoUs, Corporate India.

On the origin and chronology of the asbestos-tempered pottery with the geometric style of decoration of Vojnavolok type

The article presents investigations of the chronology of the Eneolithic asbestos-tempered Ware with the geometric style of decoration (Vojnavolok type) and factors responsible for the massive adoption of asbestos in the ceramic production and exchange in North-Eastern Europe. According to AMS dates, Vojnavolok type is dated to ca. 3500-3300 calBC, while conventional datings made of charcoal samples from dwellings place its existence in the period ca. 3300-3100 calBC. The main component in the appearance of Vojnavolok pottery traditions was the Rhomb-Pit Ware of the Lake Onega region. Basing on our data, it can be proposed that the emergence of the Asbestos Ware with the geometric style of decoration was triggered by the emergence of a new social entity, which consisted of productive units interacting in the sphere of making objects for “prestige” exchange.

Pemantapan Karang Taruna dan Pekan Ambyar Desa Morang Kec. Kare Kab. Madiun

The organization is a social entity that consciously coordinates and has boundaries and has an ongoing identity to achieve organizational goals. One of them is Karang Taruna Village Morang which is a forum that has a function as guidance and development of the village's economic potential. The youth organization in Village Morang has a superior program in the form of pekan ambyar. However, the lack of understanding and knowledge in terms of organization, administration, and finance meant that this program was limited to planning. This makes the reason for the need to strengthen youth organizations. The method used in community service programs is in the form of community education training in the form of an understanding of organization, administration, and finance. The results achieved in this activity were that youth organizations could understand in terms of organization, administration, and financial aspects. The implementation of the flagship program pekan ambyar is one of the iconic activities that are competitive and makes the Village Morang Maju.Keywords: administration; financial; karang taruna; organizationAbstrak: Organisasi merupakan sebuah entitas sosial yang secara sadar melakukan koordinasi dan memiliki batasan serta memiliki identitas yang berkelanjutan untuk mencapai tujuan organisasi. Salah satunya adalah karang taruna desa Morang dimana merupakan sebuah wadah yang memiki fungsi sebagai pembinaan dan pengembangan potensi perekonomian desa. Karang taruna yang berada di desa Morang memiliki sebuah program unggulan berupa pekan ambyar. Namun kurangnya pemahaman dan pengetahuan dalam segi organisasi, administrasi dan keuangan menjadikan program ini sebatas perencanaan. Hal ini menjadikan alasan perlunya dilakukan pemantapan karang taruna. Metode yang digunakan dalam program pengabdian kepada masyarakat berupa pelatihan pendidikan masyarakat berupa pemahaman akan organisasi, administrasi, dan keuangan. Hasil yang dicapai dalam kegiatan ini adalah karang taruna dapat memahami dalam segi organisasi, segi administrasi, dan segi keuangan. Terlaksananya program unggulan pekan ambyar sebagai salah satu kegiatan yang iconic berdaya saing serta menjadikan desa Morang Maju.Kata kunci: administrasi; keuangan; karang taruna; organisasi

INOVASI LINGKUNGAN: PEMBERDAYAAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG PERKOTAAN (STUDI KASUS DI SURABAYA)

The leading kampung in the city of Surabaya has become a self-supporting social entity with a hybrid organizationalfunction. This has made Surabaya one of the Global Green Cities in 2017. These kampungs in Surabaya carry outcommunity empowerment independently in their function to complement or balance the government functions. Theempowerment puts forward social functions based on environmental innovation in creating commercial goals that provide benefits for its members. This study aims to find the determinants of environmental innovation resulting from social empowerment of urban village communities with a qualitative approach. The researcher acts as an instrument withsix sources from five selected leading kampungs: Mangrove Kampung, Bratang Binangun Kampung, Grudo Kampung,Maspati Kampung, and Jambangan Kampung. Data were collected through field observations and document searches forapproximately two months from August to September 2019. The analysis and validation were processed by triangulation,checking group members, and rich descriptions of the essence of environmental innovation in the city of Surabaya.

Dissolution of expressive and instrumental voluntary associations: Four key dimensions in explaining organizational change

This study inspects the reasons as for why voluntary associations end their activity and dissolve as legal entities. The empirical data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with former leaders of 30 organizations in Estonia and Finland. To appreciate the sector’s diversity, the analysis makes a distinction between associations with mainly expressive, and those with mainly instrumental functions. Causes for the associations’ dissolution fall into four different categories related to (1) the association as a social entity, (2) resources, (3) goals and (4) environment. Reasons belonging to the first category of internal, social reasons, such as problems of leadership, internal organization and membership recruitment were the most common ones. However, several reasons often intertwined. A comparison between associations of different types showed that expressive associations were most often threatened by causes in the first category, while they were surprisingly immune to the other ones. Instrumental associations are dependent on other actors and external circumstances, and the reasons for their dissolution are likely to be related to problems with resource acquisition, goals or environments.

THE DYNAMICS OF LAW ENFORCEMENT IN REGIONAL HEAD ELECTIONS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The state is a social entity that consists of areas that have almost similar historical-cultural backgrounds. These areas have administrative divisions that are hierarchical in nature, where the division aims to accelerate the development and improvement of the area and the people in it. The research method used in this research is normative legal research method. The normative legal research method is a research method that looks for facts through the variables derived from the laws and regulations that are examined on their implementation and their effectiveness and shortcomings so that improvements and improvements can be made to these laws and regulations. Regional head elections are an inseparable part of a country that adheres to the principles of democracy and is even part of the characteristics of a democratic country.