Professional Training in Educational Sports in Brazil: The Collaborating Teams of the Programa Segundo Tempo (PST) – Federal Government

PST is a public educational sport policy of the Brazilian Federal Government for the promotion of educational sports by the Ministry of Sport (2003-2018) with the support of the Collaborating Teams. The purpose of this article is to describe who these teams were, how educational sport was thought of by them, and how these Collaborating Teams approached teachers of Physical Education who worked in educational sport centers (Core Coordinators). For description and analysis, we used the literature review with the subject of professional training, educational sport and Programa Segundo Tempo [Second Time Program] and we count on documental analysis by Bardin (2011). We have conclude that the Collaborating Teams show the possibility of intervening in the training of Core Coordinators throughout the country, and for that, these Teams were formed by trainers (university professors) who worked in the search for dialogue with the Coordinators of Sports Core. This dialogue has the potential to reinvent sport, from a traditional sport to an educational sport aiming to ensure the rights of children and adolescents to access sport and leisure in Brazil.

Religious Restrictions for Sports: الضوابط الشرعية للألعاب الرياضية

This thesis takes into consideration sports and specifies their religious restrictions. It also aims to provide people interested in sport with these religious restrictions which are illustrated through the descriptive and inductive approach. The thesis has arrived at the conclusion that sports are religiously permitted if they have met the religious conditions. In case a condition is missing, the permission turns into hatred or prohibition. The thesis also recommends that Olympic committees, sport federations and sport centers should have a verified book that is referred to in order to know the religious rules for sports. Also, it is recommended that sportsmen and coaches should attend an annual religious seminar to discuss sport and related issues.

Malta

Since the beginning of March, when the first COVID-19 case was identified in Malta, the number of infected people has increased rapidly. As of April 1, 188 people have been diagnosed with COVID-19 in Malta. Contagion is not anymore limited to Maltese citizens who have travelled abroad or been in contact with foreign travelers in recent past. Two patients have already recovered and none has died. The authorities have responded swiftly with containment measures and early actions to mobilize the healthcare system. Before the first case was diagnosed in Malta, on March 7, the authorities dedicated facilities within hospitals and accelerated purchases of protective and respiratory equipment while training care workers. As the first cases were reported, travel restrictions were put in place. They were gradually tightened from a partial ban to a full suspension of inbound flights to Malta starting March 21. Social distancing measures have also gradually been stepped up, from partial quarantine measures for travelers to the cancelation of all mass activities, the shutdown of all schools, childcare centers, bars, restaurants, sport centers, non-essential shops and services and, since March 28, the full lockdown of the most vulnerable population.

Comparison of Nutrition Status and Knowledge Level of Sports Trainers and Individuals Attended with Nine-Round Fitness Sports

The aim of this study was to determine and evaluate the nutritional knowledge levels and nutritional status of the sports trainers and individuals doing nine-round fitness sports, and compare the relationship between two groups. One hundred individuals doing sports and 10 trainers were included in the study. A questionnaire about general demographic information, anthropometric measurements, nutritional habits and sporting status were applied to the participants. In addition, 1-day retrospective food consumption record was taken to evaluate the intake levels of macro and micronutrients, and The Basic Nutrition Knowledge Level for Adults (YETBID) Scale was applied to measure the nutritional knowledge of the participants. The mean energy (kcal), protein (g), fat (g) and carbohydrate (g) intakes were found to be 1930±832,6, 117,8±61,3, 88±34,5, 159±111,1 for trainers and 1465±533, 81,8±33,9, 66,6±26,4, 128±76,9 for individuals doing sports, respectively. A significant difference was found between two groups in terms of energy intakes (p=0,042) whereas, no significant difference was found between the levels of macro nutrient intakes between trainers and individuals doing sports (p>0.05). According to the YETBID scores, it was found that the total score of individuals doing sports was significantly higher than trainers’ (p=0.037). It was concluded that the level of nutritional knowledge of sports trainers and individuals doing sports did not affect the nutritional status. Furthermore, dietitians should be present at sport centers and nutrition trainings should be arranged in order to prevent improper nutrition practices.

How public sport centers can improve the sport consumer experience

Purpose The sport consumer experience is becoming an important aspect to sport center’s management. From this point, the purpose of this paper is to explore and examine the relationship between sport centers’ absorptive capacity and sport consumer experience, proposing that internal knowledge management processes act as mediators in this relationship. Design/methodology/approach The study offers empirical insights by applying the consistent PLS algorithm (PLSc-SEM) in an analysis of data from 156 sport centers in Andalusia (Spain) and a sample of 3,150 sport users from these sport centers. Findings The results demonstrate that a sport center’s absorptive capacity for external knowledge is crucial for enhancing the sport consumer experience and also that this effect requires additional knowledge management, such as the sport center’s knowledge storage and knowledge application. Practical implications The practical implication for sport center managers is that knowledge management processes have a very strong influence on the sport consumer experience, when they are managed in a sequential way. Originality/value The main value of this paper is draw conclusions using a study of sport managers and sport consumers to increase value experience of those ones.

Contributions of Psychosocial Factors and Physical Activity to Successful Aging

The aim of this study was twofold: (a) To validate a successful aging model in a Spanish older adult’s sample, and (b) to predict successful aging from psychosocial factors and physical activity. Participants were 725 Spanish older people, of whom 478 were women and 247 men, aged between 55 and 100 years. Of these, 501 were physically active and 197 persons did not practice physical activity. The sample was collected in three areas: Sport centers, day centers and public areas of several Spanish towns. Factorial validity of the Successful Aging Inventory was studied by confirmatory factor analysis, and four multiple regressions to predict each of the dimensions of successful aging (functional performance, intrapsychic factors, gerotranscendence, and spirituality) were estimated. The model of successful aging in Spanish elderly through the Successful Aging Inventory was adequate. The four multiple regressions predicted highly successful aging, with effect sizes of: R2 = .037 for spirituality; .267 for functional performance; .531 for intrapsychic factors; and .356 for gerotrascendece. A main conclusion derived from the results is that older people who do exercise achieve better aging. Another point is that aspects of health and life satisfaction are directly related to better aging while social aspects influence indirectly.

Climate change effects on ski tourism

Nowadays, climate change poses a common recurring problem in our everyday life. The weather forecasts tend to be inaccurate, the swiftly changing weather often makes fun of the people. The same unpredictability applies for forecasting the amount of precipitation or snowing. The major problem in ski tourism consists in the gradual shift of seasons, namely there is no snow in December yet, while at Easter-time we can count on such an enormous amount of snow. I’d like to present this climate condition and offer a sort of way out of this problem. In my empirical study, I have carried out document-analysis along the data collection phase, and I made half-structured deep-interviews, as well.My research questions were the following: How is the winter season affected by climate change or by the lack of snow? Due to the unreliable climatic conditions what is the estimated ratio of drop in tourism in the season? How much shorter is a skiing-season and how does it affect the operation of the local ski-school? What are the features of pre, and post peak-season tourists’ emergence? How and for how long can a smaller ski-resort be maintained? What is the biggest challenge, problem at the ski-resorts along the state border?First of all, I’d like to present and tackle the various solutions emerged facing the challenges of climate change effects related to skiing, on the other hand, I have made some personal interviews with Hungarian ski instructors working abroad and also with managers of Austrian ski schools trying to find out the various answers and reactions they have hammered out coping with the new challenges and difficulties in ski tourism.Hungary can not be considered a skiing nation, although more and more people tend to take up skiing and get involved in this special field of sport tourism. The number of ski slopes being built and developed is increasing, yet the Hungarians ski-lovers tend to visit rather the foreign sport centers for the time being. The reasons mostly involve the various length and versatile difficulty level of the ski slopes. We should also take into account the challenging conditions imposed by climate change on the smaller winter sport centers and the way they can cope with it and also compete with other sport centers with similar features.Climate change affects considerably the operation of skiing season, and the service providers must adapt to the new conditions. Many resort venues struggle for survival, though most of the local self-governments are clearly aware of the importance of ski-tourism, particularly in Austria.