Light-triggered nitric oxide delivery to malignant sites and infection

The discovery of nitric oxide (NO) as a signalling molecule in various physiological and pathological pathways has spurred research in the design of exogenous NO donors as drugs. In recent years, metal nitrosyls (NO complexes of metals) have been investigated as NO-donating agents. Results from our laboratory during the past few years have demonstrated that metal nitrosyls derived from designed ligands can deliver NO under the total control of light of various frequencies. Careful incorporation of these photoactive nitrosyls into polymer matrices has afforded a set of nitrosyl–polymer composites that can be used to make such NO delivery site-specific. The composite materials have shown excellent antineoplastic and antimicrobial actions in several in vitro experiments. This review highlights our key results in the context of recent developments in this area of NO donors that deliver NO on demand.